| 释义 |
▪ I. disclaimer1|dɪsˈkleɪmə(r)|
[a. AF. disclaimer inf. used sbst.: see -er4.]
An act or action of disclaiming.
1. Law. The action of disclaiming in reference to the feudal relationship, esp. on the part of the vassal or tenant; repudiation of a legal claim.
1579Termes de la Ley 68 b, If the tenant say that hee disclaymeth to hold of him, this is called a disclaimer, and if y⊇ Lord thereupon bring a writ of right, sur disclaimer, and it be found against the tenaunt, hee shall lose the land. 1618Pulton Stat. (1632) 269, 9 Hen. IV, c. 4 (title) Disclaimer in felony in Wales shall be vtterly excluded and put out. 1650B. Discolliminium 9 Christ..seems to judge it necessary to make a cautelous Disclaimer of the Power that requir'd it. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. 275 Equivalent..to an illegal alienation by the particular tenant, is the civil crime of disclaimer, as where a tenant, who holds of any lord, neglects to render him the due services, and, upon an action brought to recover them, disclaims to hold of his lord.
b. An act of renouncing or relinquishing a legal claim; a formal refusal to accept an estate, trust, duty, etc.: see disclaim v. 3.
[1573W. Stanford Les Plees del Coron iii. 186 Icy par cel disclaimer: il perdra les biens..as queux il disclaima.] 1670Blount Law Dict. s.v., In Chancery, if a Defendant by his Answer Disclaim the having any interest in the thing in question, this is also called a Disclaimer. 1809Tomlins Law Dict. s.v., There is a deed of disclaimer of executorship of a will, etc., where an executor refuses, and throws up the same. 1876Digby Real Prop. x. §1. 371 In all other cases the proper mode of refusing to accept a conveyance or devise of land..is an execution by an alienee of full capacity of a deed of disclaimer.
c. Patent Law. An alteration by which a specification is amended in such a manner as to relinquish a portion of the invention, when in danger of being invalidated on account of the comprehensiveness of the claim. Formerly (up to 1883), an instrument executed by a patentee abandoning a part of his claim of invention.
1835Act 5 & 6 Will. IV, c. 83 [He] may enter a disclaimer of any part of his specification. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 102/2 (Patents) A means by which a grantee may abandon portions of the title,..this process is called a disclaimer. 1883Act 46 & 47 Vict. Chap. 57 (Patents Act) §18 Amend his specification..by way of disclaimer, correction, or explanation. 1892Rules of Practice U.S. Patent Off. 77 Such disclaimer shall be in writing.
2. generally. A disavowal of claims or pretensions; a renunciation, denial, or rejection.
1790Burke Fr. Rev. Wks. V. 164, I think the honour of our nation to be somewhat concerned in the disclaimer of the proceedings of this society. 1825Coleridge Aids Refl. (1848) I. 109 If after these disclaimers I shall without proof be charged by any with renewing or favouring the errors. 1862Mrs. Gaskell C. Brontë 228 It conveys a peremptory disclaimer of the report that the writer was engaged to be married to her father's curate. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 42 Our emphatic disclaimer of fellow feeling with the Cretan insurgents.
3. Her. A proclamation or announcement made by English heralds, during their regular visitations, of persons having no right to armorial bearings, or to the title of Esquire or Gentleman, especially of such as were found usurping these without right.
1854Sir T. Phillips (title) Heralds' Visitation Disclaimers. 1888J. P. Rylands Disclaimers at the Heralds' Visitations x, He notes the press-mark of each MS. in the College of Arms, from which he copied the list of disclaimers.
▪ II. disclaimer2
[f. disclaim v. + -er1.]
One who disclaims.
1702Echard Eccl. Hist. (1710) 176 The multitude might have abandoned him as a disclaimer of his own sovereignty. 1754Richardson Grandison (1781) IV. v. 43 Girls, writing of themselves on these occasions, must be disclaimers, you know. |