| 释义 |
hump-backed, a.
[See hump n. This is the first exemplified word of the hump group: cf. the earlier crump-backed. The stress shifts according to construction.]
Having a humped or crooked back; hunched, esp. in the names of fishes; cf. humpback n. (a.). Also transf.
1681Lond. Gaz. No. 1649/8 She has been formerly much galled under the Saddle, hump-backed under the Pillion-place. 1762Hume Hist. Eng. II. xxiii. 439 This prince [Richard III] was of a small stature, hump-backed. 1769F. Burney Early Diary, He..has the misfortune to be hump-back'd. 1807tr. Garytschev's Voy. 28 We managed..to lay in a stock for ourselves of the hump-backed salmon, and other such fish. 1842Tennyson Walking to Mail 23 There by the humpback'd willow. 1884G. B. Goode Fisheries U.S.: Nat. Hist. Aquatic Animals 323 It is a frequent summer visitor all along the coast as far north as Wood's Holl, Massachusetts, where it has a peculiar name, the people there calling it the ‘Hump-backed Butterfish’. 1886J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts (1889) 56 It might be hump-backed Vulcan. 1896Jordan & Evermann Check-List Fishes N. & Mid. Amer. 241 Xyrauchen cypho. Razor-back Sucker; Hump-backed Sucker. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 391/1 The dog-salmon and the humpbacked have no commercial value. 1973Times 10 Jan. 7/2 He watched two fishing boats return fully laden with hump-backed salmon.
▸ hump-backed fly n. any of various flies with an arched thorax, which gives them a humpbacked appearance; spec. (a) any of various small biting black flies, chiefly of the genus Simulium; (b) a scuttle fly (family Phoridae).
1918Sci. Monthly Mar. 202 Many districts are visited by swarms of small *hump-backed flies which viciously bite man and animals alike. 1933Amer. Midland Naturalist 14 609 The accumulations of left-overs..furnish food for hundreds of larvae of a small hump-backed fly, Megaselia cavernicola Brues, probably the Phora rufipes Meigan of the older writers. 1972L. A. Swan & C. S. Papp Common Insects N. Amer. xx. 622 Humpbacked flies are common around decaying organic matter—and are sometimes found in the nests of ants, termites, and bees. 2001Birmingham Post (Nexis) 30 Aug. 2 Black flies can be any one of a number of species of small humpbacked flies, which are typically dark in colour with broad, transparent wings. |