| 释义 |
▪ I. personate, a.|ˈpɜːsənət|
[ad. L. persōnāt-us masked, feigned, f. persōna mask: see -ate2.]
†1. Personated, feigned, pretended, counterfeit. Obs.
1597–8Bp. Hall Sat., Defiance to Envie 103 Or whether list me sing so personate My striving selfe to conquer with my verse. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 483 A stranger,..seeing the counterfeit personate asse-Lyon,..knewe it for an asse in a lion's skin. 1640R. Baillie (title) Canterburians Self-conviction... With a Postscript to the Personat Jesuite Lysimachus Nicanor. 1822Lamb Elia Ser. i. Decay of Beggars, Under a personate father of a family, think..that thou hast relieved an indigent bachelor.
†2. Of the nature of a person, personal; embodied in a person, impersonated. Obs.
1612Brerewood Lang. & Relig. 189 They held indeed but one personate nature to be in Christ, resulting of the union of two natures not personated. 1633T. Adams Exp. 2 Peter i. 4 But if there be not always a personate devil, there is always a personal devil. 1689Col. Rec. Pennsylv. I. 314 A Pattern and instance of personate humble deference, Submission and Obedience.
3. Bot. Mask-like; applied to a two-lipped corolla having the opening between the lips closed by an upward projection of the lower lip, as in the snapdragon. (Distinguished from ringent.)
[1706Phillips, Personati, a Term us'd by some Herbalists for such Flowers as express the gaping Mouths of some living Creatures.] 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. ii. xvii. (1765) 107 Such as have a simple Stigma, and personate Corolla. 1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. iv. (1794) 42 Personate or masked flowers. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 261 Linaria, Toadflax..Corolla personate.
4. Zool.
a. Having a masked or disguised form (as compared with the perfect form); larval.
b. Having mask-like markings on the head.
▪ II. personate, v.|ˈpɜːsəneɪt|
[f. ppl. stem of late L. persōnāre to represent, bear the character of (Boethius: De Duab. Nat. Christi iv, ‘persona dicta a personando, circumflexa penultima’), f. persōna mask, etc.: see person n. Cf. It. personare ‘to personate, to act or play the part of any person’ (Florio 1598).]
1. trans. To act or play the part of (a character in a drama or the like); to act, play (a drama, etc.); to represent or exhibit dramatically.
1598[see etym. above]. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. Induct., Alb. Whome doe you personate? Pie. Piero, Duke of Venice. 1647Trapp Comm. Matt. vi. 2 They [i.e. Stage players] can act to the life those whom they personate. 1774Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry (1775) II. 203 Profane characters were personated in our pageants, before the close of the fourteenth century. 1873Symonds Grk. Poets vii. 190 It was one of the chief actors of Marathon and Salamis who composed the Prometheus, and personated his own hero on the stage.
b. To assume the character of; to ‘play’.
1704Swift T. Tub ix. 177 The Elder Brutus only personated the Fool and Madman, for the Good of the Publick. 1709― Proj. Adv. Relig. Wks. 1841 II. 177/1 The proudest man will personate humility. 1795Southey Joan of Arc iii. 210 Upon the throne Let some one take his seat and personate My presence, while I mingle in the train.
c. absol. To play or act a part; to masquerade.
1642R. Watson Serm. Schisme 28 We pull off that false vizard wherein their zeal too often personates. 1646Buck Rich. III, iii. 76 margin He wrote..sundry petty Comedies, and Enterludes, oftentimes personating with the Actors. 1679J. Goodman Penitent Pard. iii. i. (1713) 251 Even those..that had raised the tragedy personate so well as to take upon them to be his comforters. 1895Sir H. Irving in Westm. Gaz. 21 Aug. 3/3 The actor's first duty..is to be the man of his part—to represent the personage, to personate.
2. To assume or counterfeit the person of (another), usually for the purposes of fraud; to pretend to be, pass oneself off as.
1613R. Cawdrey Table Alph. (ed. 3), Personate, to counterfait anothers person. 1634–5Brereion Trav. (Chetham Soc.) 81 The Countess of Oxford personated the Queen and deceived the child. 1694in Wood Life 10 July (O.H.S.) III. 460 A yong woman in man's apparel, or that personated a man. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. x. 128 By statute 4 W. & M. c. 4. to personate any other person before any commissioner authorized to take bail in the country is also felony. 1879Dixon Windsor II. xiii. 141 Having with him the deposed King's confessor..to personate the King.
absol.1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xviii. IV. 245 He wandered..about Ireland and England, begging, stealing, cheating, personating, forging.
†b. refl. with complement: To feign oneself to be (some one). Obs. rare.
1708Swift Abolit. Chr. Wks. 1755 II. i. 93 Instructions to personate themselves members of the several prevailing sects. 1710Lond. Gaz. No. 4759/4 Convicted for..personating her self the Widow of Thomas Smith.
†c. transf. To cause to personate; to put forward in a feigned character. Obs. rare.
1621Burton Anat. Mel. iii. ii. iii. iv. (1676) 302/2. I personated mine own servant to bring in a present from a Spanish Count..as if he had been the Counts servant.
†3. To feign, counterfeit (a quality). Obs.
1630B. Jonson New Inn iii. ii, Tut, she dissembles; all is personated And counterfeit comes from her! 1633Massinger Guardian i. i, Hear him, madam; His sorrow is not personated.
†4. To imitate, mimic; to imitate the example of, follow. Obs. rare.
1646J. Hall Horæ Vac. 73 [Children's] tongues are more flexible to personate any pronunciation. 1647Trapp Comm. Rom. iv. 12 [To] personate and expresse him to the life, as Constantines Children..did their father.
†5. To represent (a person, etc.) in writing (as being of such and such a kind, or esp. as saying so and so); to describe; sometimes, to describe allegorically, indicate symbolically, symbolize. Obs.
1591Spenser M. Hubberd Ded., Simple is the deuice, and the composition meane, yet carrieth some delight, euen the rather because of the simplicitie & meannesse thus personated. 1641Milton Animadv. Ad sect. xiii. 58 That false Shepheard..under whom the Poet lively personates our Prelates, whose whole life is a recantation of their pastorall vow. 1667Waterhouse Fire Lond. 124 Jerusalem is personated to cry out,..‘Is it nothing to you all yee that pass by?’ 1693Dryden Juvenal (1697) 3 Our Poet..brands ev'n the living, and personates them under dead mens Names.
6. To be or stand as an emblem or representative of; to stand for, represent, symbolize, typify, signify; to represent vicariously or officially, stand in the place of; to embody in a personal form, impersonate. Now rare or Obs.
1611Shakes. Cymb. v. v. 454 The lofty Cedar, Royall Cymbeline Personates thee. 1640Fuller Joseph's Coat (1867) 74 These Elements, which personate and represent Christ's body. 1700C. Nesse Antid. Armin. (1827) 81 On the behalf of those whom he personated on the cross. 1850T. M'Crie Mem. Sir H. Agnew xiii. (1852) 196 Those rude and vulgar men..for a time personated religion in power.
†7. To represent as a person, personify. rare.
1612Selden Illustr. Drayton's Poly-olb. ii. 35 The fruitfull bedde of this Poole, thus personated as a Sea Nymph. 1791–1823D'Israeli Cur. Lit. (1858) III. 323 Time seemed always personated in the imagination of our philosopher.
†8. To mention personally or by name; to name: = individualize 2. Obs. rare.
1651Fuller's Abel Rediv., Bolton (1867) II. 344 In reproving sin he never personated any man to put him to shame. 1662W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. verse 19. x. §3 (1669) 507/1 The Minister is to reprove the sins of all, but to personate none. |