| 释义 |
heterologous, a.|-ˈɒləgəs|
[f. Gr. ἑτερο- hetero- + λόγ-ος ratio, relation, etc. + -ous.]
Having a different relation, or consisting of different elements; not corresponding: opp. to homologous. spec. a. Path. Of a different formation from that of the normal tissue of the part.
1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) II. 578 note, One of the heterologous formations, as they are termed by Professor Carswell. 1864W. T. Fox Skin Dis. 25 New formations are homologous (epidermic, pigmentary, dermic), or heterologous (pseudoplasms, neoplasms). 1878T. Bryant Pract. Surg. I. 96 The same kind of tumour may be, under certain circumstances, homologous, and under other circumstances heterologous.
b. Chem. (See quot. 1886.)
1880Libr. Univ. Knowl. (N.Y.) VI. 609 His Précis de Chimie Organique, in which he [Gerhardt] sketches the idea of ‘Homologous and Heterologous Series.’ 1886Syd. Soc. Lex., H[eterologous] series, Gerhardt's term for bodies derived from each other by definite chemical metamorphoses, in contradistinction to Homologous series.
c. (See quot. 1889.)
1889V. H. W. Wingrave Dunman's Gloss. Anat. Terms, Heterologous stimuli, stimuli which will excite a sensory nerve when applied either to its termination or in its continuity. 1913Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. XXXII. 230 Aronsohn..declared that substances in solution when poured into the nose, could be smelled... This conclusion was confirmed by Vaschide (1901), and by Veress (1903), though the latter showed that the solutions tested were rather in the nature of heterologous than homologous stimuli.
d. Path. and Bacteriol. Deriving from, associated with, or belonging to another species or type of organism or an antigen or antibody of different constitution.
1893Parker & Rönnfeldt tr. Weismann's Germ-Plasm ix. 265 In the crosses between different species, the idioplasm of a cell in many stages will be composed of homologous as well as of heterologous ids. 1910Jrnl. Path. & Bacteriol. XIV. 30 We have endeavoured to determine whether..the inoculation of heterologous bacteria..affects the production of specific agglutinins in animals previously immunised against the Bacillus coli. 1915Lancet 3 Apr. 701/2 (heading) Heterologous transplantation: mouse tumours in rats. 1916Jrnl. Path. & Bacteriol. XX. 214 Heterologous resistance as exemplified in the reactions of the sera of animals immunised with transplanted new growths from alien species. 1933W. W. C. Topley Outl. Immunity vi. 91 A serum that agglutinates the same bacterium but has been produced by the inoculation of some other bacterium, differing in one or more of its antigenic components, is termed a heterologous serum. 1958Nature 13 Dec. 1678/2 The multiplication of extraneous viruses in tumours grown in homologous and heterologous hosts depends on the host animal. |