| 释义 |
guttural, a. and n.|ˈgʌtərəl|
Also 6–7 gutturall, 7 gutteral.
[ad. mod.L. gutturāl-is, f. guttur (see prec.): see -al1. Cf. F. guttural.]
A. adj. Of or pertaining to the throat.
guttural artery, the same as thyroid artery. g. canal, duct, the Eustachian tube. g. cartilage, the arytenoid cartilage. g. fossa, ‘the central portion of the middle division in the external base of the skull’ (Cassell). g. glands, the same as pharyngeal glands. g. hernia = goitre. g. pouch, one of ‘two large air-sacs lying side by side in the median plane of the pharynx of the horse and allied animals’ (Syd. Soc. Lex. 1886).
1625Ussher Answ. Jesuit 68 The gutturall eating and drinking of the body and bloud of Christ. 1694Motteux Rabelais iv. xxxiv. (1737) 142 It no more open'd its guttural Trap-door. 1716M. Davies Athen. Brit. ii. 354 Cephalick and Guttural Distempers. 1747tr. Astruc's Fevers 315 A dry and obstinate cough, which we may call guttural, because the patient feels more pain in the throat during his cough, than in any other part. 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 67 The first, or Sphenoidal Edge..is divided into two laminæ, (alæ vomeris), which enter into the grooves on the guttural aspect of the sphenoid bone. 1836–9Todd Cycl. Anat. II. 550/1 The guttural orifice of the Eustachian tube. 1872Mivart Elem. Anat. iii. 131 Sometimes, as in the Crocodile and Great Ant Eater, this guttural part of the basis cranii is nearly concealed by the immense extension of the palate.
b. Of sounds or utterance: Produced in the throat.
By non-phoneticians any mode of pronunciation which is harsh or grating in effect is often supposed to be ‘guttural’; with this notion the designation is popularly applied by Englishmen to the German ch, but not to k or g, though technically it belongs equally to them. As a technical term of phonetics, the word was first used to denote the Hebrew spirant consonants א, {hebhe}, {hebcheth}, ע; it is now commonly applied (inaccurately, if its etymological sense be regarded to the sounds formed by the back of the tongue and the palate, as |k, g, x, ɣ, ŋ|.
1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 87 The Hebrewes name their letters, some gutturall, because they are pronounced more in the throat: others, dentall, because a man cannot wel pronounce them without the teeth. c1620A. Hume Brit. Tongue i. vii, A labial letter can not symboliz a guttural syllab. 1642Howell For. Trav. (Arb.) 52 A gutturall pronunciation is an infallible badge of an ancient language. 1668Wilkins Real Char. iii. xi. 364 The Vowel (y) is wholly Guttural, being an emission of the breath from the throat, without any particular motion of the tongue or lips. 1756Nugent Gr. Tour III. 348 That guttural pronunciation, so disagreeable in the Florentines. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xiii. 31 Their language is extremely guttural. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola i, The deep guttural sounds of the speaker were scarcely intelligible to the newly-waked..listener. 1867A. J. Ellis E.E. Pronunc. i. iii. 191 The guttural nasal seems to have been the regular pronunciation of ng in English. 1898J. Caird Univ. Addresses 349 An articulation thick and guttural.
Hence ˈgutturalness, gutturality (Bailey vol. II, 1727).
B. n. A guttural sound; occas., guttural utterance.
1696Whiston Theory Earth ii. (1722) 166 The first letter being such a guttural as could not well be pronounced by the Greeks. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. viii, His speech was..all gutturals. 1816Scott Antiq. iii, Giving each guttural the true Anglo-Saxon enunciation. 1834Medwin Angler in Wales I. 133 Our [Welsh] language being full of harsh consonants and gutturals. 1877C. M. Yonge Cameos II. xiv. 132 The Portuguese..despise the Spanish gutturals as Moorish abominations. 1888Pall Mall G. 19 May 2/1 Occasionally the choir would cease their singing, and in deep guttural a black-bearded priest would chant some verses. 1889Jessopp Coming of Friars i. 29 The rabble of Cologne..grumbling out their grating gutturals. |