| 释义 |
▪ I. grame, n. Obs. exc. arch.|greɪm|
Forms: α. 1–2 grama, 4–6 gram, (4 graim, 6 gramm), 3– grame. β. 2–4 grome.
[OE. grama, related to gram grame a. Cf. greme n.]
†1. Anger, wrath, ire. Obs.
αc1000ælfric Gen. xix. 25 God towearp þa swa mid graman þa burᵹa. ― Hom. II. 120 Wel hi sind Dere ᵹehatene forðan ðe hi sind fram graman ᵹenerode. a1175Cott. Hom. 223 Þa nam he mulcene gramen and andan to ðan mannum. a1300Cursor M. 2423 Þe king was radd for godds gram. c1380Sir Ferumb. 596 Olyuere stert vp hol & sound; & spekeþ til him wyþ grame. c1430Syr Tryam. 1223 Hyt ys grete schame On a hors to wreke thy grame! 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. ii. 220 Out on sic gram I will haue na repreif. 1621Ainsworth Annot. Ps. ii. 5 Grame, grimnesse or fierceness of countenance.
βa1225Juliana 26 Þe reue rudnede ant o grome grede. c1300Passion our Lord 72 in O.E. Misc. 39 Þe Gywes..þerof hi hedde grome. c1325Body & Soul 70 Mid Godes grom.
2. Grief, sorrow; harm. In pl. Troubles.
αc1000Sax. Leechd. III. 212 æppla gaderian graman ᵹe[tacnað]. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 67 Mid te bitere grame þat alle synfulle men schule þolen on domes dai. a1300Cursor M. 8405 He is wis and o redi tung Þat neuer serued grefe ne grame. a1340Hampole Psalter xiv. 4 Þat..he dide to his neghburgh iuel ne gram. 1480Robt. Devyll 44 That valyuant knyght am I That saved youe thre tymes fro grame. 1513Douglas æneis iv. Prol. 161 All ȝour solace sall returne in gram. a1548Smyth & Dame 218 in Hazl. E.E.P. III. 209 Age doth me mvche grame. 1597N. Mother's Blessing E 6, Gif thou haue an euill name It will turne the to grame. 1865Swinburne Masque Q. Bersabe 114 By Termagaunt that maketh grame. 1872Rossetti Staff & Scrip Poems (ed. 6) 49 God's strength shall be my trust, Fall it to good or grame 'Tis in his name.
βc1205Lay. 1435 Ȝe doð þan kinge muchel scome: Þer fore ȝe sculen han grome. c1275Sinners Beware 335 in O.E. Misc. 83 Þu vs hauest iwroht þes schome And alle þene eche grome. c1306Pol. Songs (Camden) 219 Oure wajour turneth us to grome.
▪ II. † grame, a. Obs.
Forms: α. 1 gram, 3 Orm. gramm, 3–5 gram, 4– grame. β. 1, 3 grom.
[OE. gram, grǫm = OHG., OS. gram, ON. gram-r, f. Teut. root *gram-, grem-: see grim.]
a. Angry; vexed; furious. transf. of heat: Fierce.
b. Grieved, sorrowful.
α Beowulf (Z.) 778 Þær þa graman wunnon. c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. xxvi. 10 Hwi synt ȝe grame [Vulg. molesti] þysum wife? c1200Ormin 7145 Maþþew..seȝȝþ..þatt tatt unnfæle Herode king Wass gramm & grill. c1250Gen. & Ex. 1228 Bi ðe desert a-wei che nam, In ard weie and hete gram. c1275Lay. 24774 Þe he greteþ mid his grame wordes. c1300Havelok 2469 God was him gram. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 106 Hir dede dos him fulle gram. c1440Gaw. & Gol. 471 To greif thair gomys gramest that wer. 1560Proude Wyues Pater noster 190 in Hazl. E.P.P. IV. 160 Forbere your husbonde whan he is grame.
βc893K. ælfred Oros. ii. iv. §6 He swa grom wearð on his mode. a1250Owl & Night. 992 Hweþer is betere of twere twom, That mon beo bliþe oþer grom.
2. absol. as n. pl. Devils. [So OS. gramon, ON. gramer.]
c1175Lamb. Hom. 103 He..maceð of cristes leoman heoranna [read horena] leoman and of godes husa gromena wuniunge.
▪ III. † grame, v. Obs.
Forms: α. 3 gramie(n, 3– grame. β. 3 gromien.
[f. grame a. Cf. greme v.]
1. impers. as in (it) grames me: I am grieved, vexed, displeased, in distress.
αc1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 69 Þanne ne þarf us noðer gramien, ne shamien. c1275Lay. 25216 Fol sore ous may samie and wel sore gramie. c1380Sir Ferumb. 691 Oþer weys þee schal grame. 14..Pilgrim's Sea Voy. (E.E.T.S.) i. 3 Many a man hit gramys, When they begyn to sayle.
βc1205Lay. 25216 Ful swiðe us mæi scomien: and ful swiðe us mæi gromien. a1225Leg. Kath. 2075 Þe king walde weden, swa him gromede wið ham.
2. intr. To be vexed or displeased; to fret.
αa1300Cursor M. 17836 (Gött.) Wid þair hertis gun þai grame. 1399Langl. Rich. Redeles Prol. 41, I wolde be gladde þat his gost myȝte..grame if it greued him. a1420Hoccleve Min. Poems (1892) 43 Stif stande in þat & yee shuln greeue & grame. 1526Skelton Magnyf. 1864 The crane and the curlewe thereat gan to grame.
βa1225Juliana 66 Þe reue gromede þat he grispatede aȝein þet wod he walde iwurðen.
3. trans. To anger, grieve, vex.
c1320R. Brunne Medit. 548 And for a lytyl wurde þou wylt men grame. c1350Barlam & Jos. (Bodl. MS.) 908 Þæt þu me hast gramyd þin hert auȝt be sor. c1450Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 27 Gret schame it is us nakyd to se, Our lord God thus to grame. c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture 348 Þan may þe sewere his lord serue & neythur of yow be gramed.
Hence † ˈgraming vbl. n. and ppl. a.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 33 A þer [in helle] is waning and graming and toþen grisbating. c1205Lay. 6127 Þa seide Gudlakes sune mid gromiende speche, Ȝif [etc.]. |