| 释义 |
umbilical, a. and n.|ʌmˈbɪlɪkəl, ʌmbɪˈlaɪkəl|
Also 6 vmbelycall, 8 umbelical, 7 vm-, umbilicall, 8 umbillical.
[ad. med.L. umbilīcāl-is, f. umbilīcus umbilic n. Cf. It. umbilicale, ombelicale, Sp. and Pg. umbilical, F. ombilical (1541), † umbilical (Cotgr.).]
A. adj.
1. Anat.
a. Of or pertaining to the umbilicus or navel.
1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. H ij, The party vmbelycall synual is fro y⊇ nauyll downwarde. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Umbilical Region, is that part of the Abdomen lying round about the Navel. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Liver, One [fissure] thro' which the Umbilical Ligament passes. 1808Barclay Muscular Motions 348 A tendon, which..divides in the region called umbilical into two strata. 1846F. Brittan tr. Malgaigne's Man. Oper. Surg. 434 The umbilical ring..is but slightly resistant and very dilatable for some time after birth. 1859Bullock Cazeaux' Midwif. 128 The umbilical depression, which in the two first months seems deeper, disappears gradually as gestation progresses. 1881Mivart Cat 185 On this account the ventral part of the groove is called the umbilical fissure.
b. In umbilical artery, umbilical vein, umbilical vessel.
1615Crooke Body of Man 710 The Infant..draweth the nourishment into the Liuer through the vmbilicall veine by a naturall instinct. 1656Blount Glossogr., Umbilical Arteries, are two Arteries marching from the Navil, through Peritonæum to the sides of the Bladder. 1667Phil. Trans. II. 512 The Embrio doth breath, but not feed, through the Umbilical vessels. 1725Fam. Dict. s.v. Liver, These two Lobes [of the Liver] are separated by a Scissure or Cleft, through which the Umbelical Vein enters. 1774Goldsmith Nat. Hist. (1862) I. ii. 158 The bloodvessels that go to the placenta..are plainly seen issuing from the navel (being therefore called the umbilical vessels). 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 715 The umbilical artery always furnishes three or four, which ramify in the walls of the bladder. 1841T. R. Jones Anim. Kingd. 629 The arteries..represent the umbilical arteries of the human fetus.
c. Path. and Med. Affecting, proceeding from, or applied to, the navel.
1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XVIII. 155 In umbilical hernia the parts protruded pass out at the umbilicus, and are commonly the intestines, or omentum, or both. 1862Habershon Dis. Abdomen (ed. 2) 570 Strumous Peritonitis. Fæcal Abscess. Umbilical Discharge. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2678/1 Umbilical bandage,..a broad band of fabric which is buckled around the umbilical region of the body to serve as an abdominal supporter and for palliating umbilical hernia. Ibid., An umbilical truss, designed for the same purpose.
d. Connected on the female side.
1888N. & Q. 7th Ser. V. 493/2 The direct lineal ancestress in the female line, or what is sometimes termed umbilical or uterine ancestress.
2. umbilical cord:
a. The flexible string which attaches the fœtus to the placenta; the navel-string.
1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Navel, The umbilical cord or navel-string of the new-born infant. 1803Med. Jrnl. IX. 74 He combats the opinion..that the death of the child necessarily follows from the neglect of tying the umbilical cord after delivery. 1847W. C. L. Martin Ox 167/2 Some farmers after the birth of the calf attach a small weight to the umbilical cord, in order to facilitate the separation and expulsion of the placenta. 1888Buck's Handbk. Med. Sci. VI. 22/2 The umbilical cord normally presents torsions.
fig.1847Emerson Repr. Men, Swedenborg Wks. (Bohn) I. 334 With a force of many men, he could never break the umbilical cord which held him to nature. 1859I. Taylor Logic in Theol. 217 That intercourse which..is linking England with India—that umbilical cord through which the circulation, to and fro, is going on.
b. Bot. The small peduncle which attaches a seed to the placenta. Similarly umbilical bundle, umbilical vessel.
1731P. Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Vegetation, This fermented Liquor is convey'd by the Umbilical Vessel to the Trunk of the little Plant. 1819Lindley tr. Richard's Obs. Fruits & Seeds 6 Every visible process of the trophosperm which bears a single seed is known by the name of umbilical chord. 1830― Nat. Syst. Bot. 150 Seeds attached by umbilical cords to placentæ. 1875Bennett & Dyer tr. Sachs's Bot. 252 From it [an umbilicus] a denser bundle of threads runs downwards to the peridium, the umbilical bundle.
c. transf. (a) Astronaut. A cable or other linking device supplying essential liquid or electrical services; spec. the connection between a guided missile and its launching equipment, or that joining a space-walking astronaut to his craft. Similarly umbilical connection, umbilical pipe, umbilical tower, etc.
1948Gloss. Guided Missile Terms (U.S. Research & Development Board) 69 Umbilical cord, a cable fitted with a quick disconnect plug at the missile end, through which missile equipment is controlled and tested while missile is still attached to launching equipment or parent plane. 1958Times 1 Mar. 6/3 The ‘umbilical pipes’ through which liquid oxygen was being pumped to top up its [sc. the missile's] fuel tanks. 1959Manch. Guardian 3 Jan. 5 The ‘umbilical cord’ is a widely detachable cable through which the missile is powered and controlled while still on its ‘ivory tower’. 1962J. Glenn in Into Orbit 188 A special countdown started for dropping the umbilical cord which had been providing external power and cooling for the capsule until now. 1963Times 31 May 19/4 The Apollo spacecraft and the three-stage Saturn MK.5 launch vehicle will be erected in the vertical position, together with the umbilical tower on a fabricated base. 1966Daily Tel. 12 Oct. 21/5 The value of the umbilical tether employed on all space walks so far is being questioned. 1967Economist 23 Dec. 1237/2 (caption) That grip of gold: umbilical cord linking astronaut to his space ship. 1970N. Armstrong et al. First on Moon vii. 147 We can see the LM umbilical connection quite well.
(b) A cable or pipe providing a deep-sea diver with essential electrical and similar supplies. Similarly umbilical cable, umbilical link, umbilical pipe, etc.
1968New Scientist 17 Oct. 127/2 Helium-distorted speech, picked up through the microphone, is transmitted by shielded cables in the umbilical pipe. 1969Ibid. 2 Oct. 11/2 Life support requirements have been provided by way of an umbilical link to a surface station. 1970R. Barton Oceanology Today v. 123 It submerges and then travels along the seabed on four large hydraulically driven wheels... Power is provided through an umbilical cable. 1975Offshore Sept. 115/2 Moreover, the Globule has..an emergency life support of 96 hours and batteries which can be recharged when in operation through the umbilical cable and the induction cable. 1979Daily Tel. 11 Aug. 2/5 The divers asked for their chamber to be lowered to the sea-bed by means of their life-support umbilical cord. 1981Times 23 May 3/3 He found the umbilical lifeline to the [diving] bell..in tatters.
(c) In other misc. uses.
1962New Scientist 9 Aug. 285/1 Steering was done from another car travelling behind and a little to one side of the crash car by an attachment which is referred to by the research workers as an umbilical cord. 1968Listener 15 Aug. 200/1 Tiny portable cameras carried by stalwart chaps loaded with power packs and aerials and umbilical cords like a spaceman operating outside his spaceship. 1977Rolling Stone 30 June 117/3 Their giant electrostatic Model One..was the first electrostatic speaker system I know of that got rid of that cumbersome ‘umbilical cord’ (the line cord you had to connect to a wall outlet to power its high-voltage polarizing supply).
3. Conchol. Provided or connected with, of the nature of, an umbilicus.
1755Gentl. Mag. XXV. 128 The particular species of the Nautilus, as shells, are the papiraceous, the eared, and the umbilical. 1822J. Parkinson Outl. Oryctol. 147 In some instances the umbilical termination [of a shell] is filled, as if by an exudation of callus. 1894Geol. Mag. Oct. 438 The Australian form is distinguished by the greater prominence of its short umbilical ribs.
4. Geom. Forming, or pertaining to, an umbilicus.
1728Chambers Cycl., Umbilical Points, in Mathematicks, the same with Foci. 1841J. R. Young Math. Dissert. ii. 34 Dupin..clearly saw that Mouge had misinterpreted this symbol in his investigation of umbilical points. 1851Sylvester in Lond. etc. Phil. Mag. Feb. 136 note, As the two surfaces jut one close into the other at this point, it would perhaps be not improper to designate the contact at such point as umbilical. 1863Frost & Wolstenholme Solid Geom. 144 The fixed point is called an umbilical focus, the intersection of the planes a directrix, and the constant ratio the umbilical modulus.
5. Occupying a central point or position.
1742De Foe's Tour Gt. Brit. (ed. 3) II. 293 The Chapter⁓house is large, supported, as to its arched Roof, by one umbilical pillar. 1760Sterne Tr. Shandy i. xxiii, His soul might as well, unless for mere ceremony, or the trifling advantage which the umbilical point gave her,..play the fool out o' doors as in her own house. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. I. 243 The ætolians were stiled umbilical; and looked upon themselves as the central people in Greece.
B. n. pl.
1. The umbilical vessels.
1774Cooper in Phil. Trans. LXV. 316 It is plain also, that the blood passed..through the hypogastrics and umbilicals to the placenta.
2. transf. and fig. (also in sing.).
1936W. Faulkner Absalom, Absalom! 259 That River which runs not only through the physical land of which it is the geologic umbilical. 1960Times 18 Oct. 13/6 The umbilicals are..expendable power lines which nurture the bird (missile) while it is on the ground and vanish when it takes flight. 1966J. Chamier Cannonball iv. 34 He picked up a microphone with its spring-spiral umbilical from its recess. 1974Petroleum Rev. XXVIII. 674/3 Underwater vehicles may be..tethered (powered by an umbilical from a surface vehicle) or untethered (free swimming). 1977Times 17 Oct. 14/7 On the humid roof sat batteries of television crews... Wires and umbilicals led..to a generator outside. 1982D. Hart-Davis Level Five i. 9 Newman held the end of the hot-water umbilical... The steady flow began, cold at first, then warm, then hot... He..felt the warm jets course through the [diving] suit. |