| 释义 |
filbert|ˈfɪlbət|
Forms: α. 4 philliberd, 6–7 philbert, (7 -ibert), (8 philberd, -bud). β. 5 fel-, 5–6 fyl-, 6–9 filberd(e, (7 -burd, fillberd), 6–9 dial. filbeard(e, (6 fyl-), 6 filberte, (fylbert), 6–7 filbird(e, (6 fylbyrd). 4– filbert.
[prob. short for filbert (i.e. Philibert)-nut, dial. Fr. noix de filbert (Moisy Dict. Patois Normand) from being ripe near St. Philibert's day, Aug. 22 (O.S.). Cf. Ger. Lamberts-nuss.]
1. a. The fruit or nut of the cultivated hazel (Corylus avellana).
[1292Britton ii. xxiv. §1 Et as foiles, et as flours (v.r. e a philbers).] a1400Pistill of Susan 92 Þe fyge and þe filbert were fode med so fayre. c1440Promp. Parv. 160 Fylberde, notte, fillum. 1533Elyot Cast. Helthe (1539) 21 b, Fylberdes and hasyll nuttes..are more stronge in substance than wall nuttes. 1620Venner Via Recta vii. 127 Filberds are wholsomer then the common Hasell-Nuts. 1712E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 70 Something bigger, and more oval than a Filbeard. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) IV. 29 The acorn, the philberd, the chesnut, and the wilding. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. 264, I grew two hundred weight of filberts..upon fifty-seven trees.
b. slang. The head (cf. nut n.1 7).
1886H. Baumann Londinismen 54/1 Cracked in the filbert,..dotty. 1936J. Curtis Gilt Kid xx. 198 Get that into your old filbert.
2. The tree bearing the nut; = filbert-tree.
1393Gower Conf. II. 30 And after Phillis philliberd This tre was cleped in the yerd. c1450Lydg. Compl. Loveres Life 68 The filbert eke, that lowe doth encline Her bowes grene. c1475Sqr. lowe Degre 37 The fylbyrdes hangyng to the ground. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §140 Fylberdes and walnuttes may be set on the nuttes in a gardeyn. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme 341 Filberts..doe grow of smal shoots. 1796C. Marshall Garden. vi. (1813) 80 Filberds are raised from nuts or suckers. 1858Glenny Gard. Everyday Bk. 21 Filberts must be planted by the same rules.
3. attrib. and Comb.
a. simple attrib:, as filbert-grove, filbert-hedge, filbert-nut, filbert-tree, filbert-walk.
b. similative, as filbert nails; filbert-formed, filbert-shaped adjs. Also, † filbert-mouse, the common dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius), so called from its fondness for filberts.
‘Filbert nails’ are often referred to as a beauty, but sometimes regarded as a symptom of consumptive tendencies.
a1845Barham Ingol. Leg., Lady Rohesia, A pretty little hand with..*filbert-formed nails.
1552Huloet, *Filberde groue, coryletum.
1742Fielding J. Andrews iii. iv, A short Walk, shaded on each side by a *Filbert Hedge. a1821Keats Poems, ‘I stood tiptoe’ 35 A filbert hedge with wild briar overtwined.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 545 Of the Nut-mouse, Hasell-mouse, or *Filburd-mouse.
1861Trollope Framley P. I. i. 9 Clear white hands, *filbert nails.
1552Huloet, *Filberd nutte, abellina.
14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 715 Hec morus, a *fylberdtre. 1551Turner Herbal i. (1568) M iij a, The gardyne nutt tree [is] called the fylberde tree. 1751Phil. Trans. XLVII. 176 The fruit of the nut and filberd-tree will be most numerous. 1879G. F. Jackson Shropsh. Word-bk, ‘I never sid the filbyard-trees covered ooth lamb-tails [catkins] as they bin this ear’ [1879].
Add:[1.] c. More fully, filbert brush. A kind of brush used in oil-painting, having a flattened, oval, bristle head; also as adj., designating this shape of brush.
1950Artist May 49/1 Filbert brushes..are neither square nor round, so that one can avoid having or showing a hard ridge on each side of a paint mark. 1954L. Lamb Preparation for Painting viii. 109 There is a filbert shape, with an oval section, and a tip shaped rather like a finger end. 1960O. Nordmark Handbk. Methods & Materials Oil Painting ii. 19 A fourth shape, the filbert or portrait oval, is a flat, thicker oval brush of either sable or bristle. 1979C. Hayes Compl. Guide Painting & Drawing Techniques & Materials iii. 54 The three basic shapes of brush are called ‘bright’, ‘round’ and ‘filbert’. 1984Artist Sept. 5/1 (Advt.), Also available, Filberts and Brights in bristle at {pstlg}15 per set. |