| 释义 |
savin, savine|ˈsævɪn|
Forms: α. 1 safene, -ine, 1, 5– savine, 4–6 savyne, saveine, 5–6 -eyne, 7 saven; 4, 6– savin; β. 6–7, 9 sabine, 8 sabin.
[a. OF. savine (in mod.F. replaced by the learned form sabine, whence the β forms above) = Sp., Pg. sabina, It. savina:—L. (herba) Sabīna, lit. ‘Sabine herb’ (Sabīna fem. of Sabīnus Sabine).
Cf. G. saben-, sevenbaum (for the many corrupt forms see Grimm), Du. zevenboom.]
1. A small bushy evergreen shrub, Juniperus sabina, a native of Europe and Western Asia, with spreading branches completely covered with short imbricating leaves, and bearing a small, round, bluish-purple berry.
The name is also applied to certain trees or shrubs resembling Juniperus sabina, as the Sea Wormwood, Artemisia maritima; the dwarf Juniper, Juniperus nana; Cæsalpinia pulcherrima (Indian savin); in the U.S. to the Red Cedar, Juniperus virginiana, and to Torreya taxifolia, one of the stinking cedars; and in the W. Indies to Cæsalpinia bijuga, Fagara lentiscifolia and Xanthoxylum pterota.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 312 Nim þas wyrte safenan & mersc mealwan. Ibid. III. 38 Wyll in buteran þas wyrta..sauinan & curmeallan & feferfuᵹean. a1387Sinon. Barthol. (Anecd. Oxon.) 18 Ebel, i. savin. 1390Gower Conf. III. 130 Ther is an herbe which men calleth Saveine. a1400Pistill of Susan 69 Þe sauyne [MS. Phillipps saveyne] and sypres, selcouþ to sene. 1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 61 Sauin, is one of those kindes which..beareth leafe all seasons of the yeare. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. ii. 49 But th' aged Nourse..Had gathered Rew, and Savine. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 240 Agolethros and Sabine are poyson to Goates. 1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) II. 188 Sabin or Savin will make fine Hedges, and may be brought into any sort of Form by clipping. 1811A. T. Thomson Lond. Disp. (1818) 730 Ointment of Savine. Take of fresh leaves of savine, two parts; yellow wax, one part; lard, four parts. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 464 Oil of sabine. It is obtained from the leaves of the juniperus sabina. Limpid. Has the odour and flavour of sabine. This plant furnishes a great deal of oil. 1861Mrs. Stowe Pearl Orr's Isl. i. 8 Only savins and mullens, with their dark pyramids or white spires of velvet leaves, diversified the sandy wayside. 1884Sargent Rep. Forests N. Amer. 183 Juniperus Virginiana... Red Cedar. Savin. Ibid. 186 Torreya taxifolia... Stinking Cedar. Savin.
2. The dried tops of this shrub, used as a drug.
Savin is strongly poisonous; it possesses emmenagogic properties, and hence was a common means of procuring abortion. It is also an anthelmintic, used chiefly in veterinary practice.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 100 Wiþ þon ilcan ᵹenim safinan ᵹnid to duste. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 97 Sauin, for the bots. 1590P. Barrough Meth. Physick iii. lvi. 193 Incessions made of the decoction of laurell berries, & leaues,..motherwort, horehound, saueine, althæa, cammomill [etc.]. 1614Markham Cheap Husb., Bull xxix. 58 There is nothing killeth wormes in the bodies of cattell sooner than Sauen chopt small and beaten with sweet Butter. 1693Dryden Juvenal vi. 775 Help her to make Manslaughter; let her bleed, And never want for Savin at her need. 1736Bailey Househ. Dict. 521 Savin, is of an incisive, penetrative and attenuating quality..; being powdered and mix'd with fresh butter, it is given to the quantity of a dram to persons troubled with the asthma. 1843R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxvi. 334 They were treated with lapis infernalis, Plenk's liniment, and powdered savine.
3. attrib. and Comb., as savine-berry, savin-bush, savin-cerate, savin-oil, savin-tops, savin-tree; savin-leaved adj.
1681Grew Musæum ii. §ii. i. 219 *Savine-Berrys. About as big as those of the common Juniper, and of a blackish blew.
1672J. Josselyn New Eng. Rarities 3 In these Gullies grow *Saven Bushes.
1826S. Cooper First Lines Surg. (ed. 5) 448 A discharge should be kept up from the blistered surface by means of the *savine cerate.
1829Glover's Hist. Derby I. 126 Lycopodium alpinum, mountain or *savin-leaved club-moss.
1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, *Savine-oil, an essential oil obtained by distilling the tops of the savine plant.
1695Blackmore Pr. Arth. vii. 645 Henbane, Wormwood, Hemlock, *Savine Tops.
1611Tourneur Ath. Trag. iv. i, There growes a *Sauin-tree next it forsooth. 1696Sloane Catal. Plant. Jamaica 128 Savine Trees. Ibid. 149 Indian Savin Tree. 1864Grisebach Flora W. Ind. Islands 737 Savin tree: Cæsalpinia bijuga and Fagara lentiscifolia. |