| 释义 |
▪ I. saviour|ˈseɪvjə(r)|
Forms: 3–4 sauveur, 3–5 sauveour, 3–5 saveour(e, 4 sauveor, saveor, -iur, -our, safeoure, Sc. safare, saweoure, 4, 6 sauvour, savioure, 4–6 savyour(e, 5 savyowur, 5–6 savyor, 6 salveour, -iour, Sc. salvior, salweour, 4, 6–8 (9 chiefly U.S.) savior, 4– saviour.
[a. OF. sauveour (mod.F. sauveur) = Pr., Sp., Pg. salvador, It. salvatore:—late L. salvātōr-em, agent-n. f. salvāre to save.]
1. a. One who delivers or rescues from peril.
a1300Cursor M. 4666 His nam þai chaunged, fra þat our, And cald him ‘warld sauueour’. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints i. (Petrus) 674 And petir till hym [Paul] þis can say:..far wele ay..lledar of heile and saweoure!’ 1535Coverdale Ecclus. xlvi. 1 A greate sauioure vnto the electe of God. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 120 Saynct Genevefa is the saviour of Paris. 1611Bible Neh. ix. 27 Thou gauest them sauiours, who saued them out of the hand of their enemies. 1711Pope Temp. Fame 163 Bold Scipio, saviour of the Roman state; Great in his triumphs, in retirement great. 1774Wilkes Corr. (1805) IV. 185 Those who..now dare to persecute the saviour of India. 1871Browning (title) Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau: Saviour of Society. 1887A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad i, To fields that bred them brave, The saviours come not home to-night.
b. transf. in nonce-uses.
c1399Chaucer Purse 16 (Fairf.) Now purse that ben to me my lyves lyght And saveour as doun in this worlde here. 1552Latimer Serm. 1st Sund. Epiph. (1584) 297 Likewise shippes and boates..vpon the Seas are Sauiours, for they saue vs from the fury, rage, and tempest of the Sea. 1804Something Odd III. 126 Thus died the means I had looked to as the saviour of myself and children.
2. a. He who saves mankind from sin and its consequences: as a title of God, and esp. of Christ (in the latter application often Our Saviour). Now always with capital S.
a1300Cursor M. 15015 Welcum sauuer! lang has þou ben, Al sal thoru þe be bett. 13..Coer de L. 2087 He swore a ful grete othe, By Jesu Cryst our Saviour. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. xi. 66 Whi wolde god vr saueour suffre such a worm In such a wrong wyse the wommon to bigyle? a1450Myrc Instr. Par. Priests 12 Ȝef þow plese thy sauyoure Ȝef thow be not grete clerk Loke thow moste on thys werk. 1472Rec. St. Mary at Hill 16 In the name of our lord Ihesu Criste our Savyour: Amen. c1500Lancelot 2096 This is the vyrgyne, this is the blessit flour That Ihesu bur that is our salweour. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge ii. 354 The yere of our saueour in his humanite viii hundreth complet .v. and seuentie. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. i. 159 That Season..Wherein our Sauiours Birth is celebrated. 1643Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. i. §3 At the sight of a Crosse or Crucifix I can dispense with my hat, but scarse with the thought or memory of my Saviour. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 412 Hail Son of God, Saviour of Men. a1738Swift Serm. Mutual Subj. (1744) 11 Our Saviour tells us that every Man is our Neighbour. 1753Hanway Trav. (1762) I. iii. xxviii. 121 Who is the king, the lawgiver, the redeemer, and the savior. 1813Shelley Q. Mab vii. 144 Millions shall live and die, Who ne'er shall call upon their Saviour's name. 1864Tennyson En. Ard. 783 O God Almighty, blessed Saviour,..Uphold me, Father.
†b. to receive one's Saviour, to give (a person) his Saviour, etc.: common ME. phrases referring to the reception and administration of the Eucharist.
c1400Rom. Rose 6434 But thou yeve me my Saviour At Ester. a1450Myrc Instr. Par. Priests 1883 And ȝef he aske hys sauyour, Gyf hym hyt wyþ gret honour. 1470–85Malory Arthur xvii. xi. 706 Thenne asked she her saueour and as soone as she had receyued hit the soule departed from the body.
3. Saint Saviour. (See saint a. 3.)
†a. Used in oaths. Obs.
b. [= eccl. L. ecclesia Sancti Salvatoris], the title of the cathedral church of Rome, usually called St. John Lateran.
c. The title of the monastic order founded by St. Bridget.
13..Guy Warw. 5318 Þou wroche glotoun losaniour, Þou schalt þe ȝeld, bi seyn Sauour. c1330Arth. & Merl. 2908 (Kölbing) Forth went anon sir Kay & ledde his fader, sir Antour, to þe chirche of seyn sauour. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v., Order of St. Saviour, is a religious Order founded by St. Bridget. 1873J. H. Blunt Myrr. our Ladye p. xi, The Monastery of St Saviour and St Bridget of Syon of the Order of St Augustine.
4. attrib. (appositive), as in saviour-ark, saviour-arm, saviour-god, saviour-youth; also saviour-like adj.
1836Gladstone in Good Words (1871) 366 Is there..no *saviour ark That..bears the children, loved of God and blest, Unto the land of rest?
18..Shelley Assassins ii. Prose Wks. 1888 II. 158 How many holy liars..would his *saviour arm drag from their luxurious couches.
1738Wesley Ps. xxiv. vi, This is the chosen Royal Race That seek their *Saviour-God to see.
1587Golding De Mornay xxx. 568 There are two commings of Christ, the one in lowlynes.., Poore, Lowely, and *Sauiourlyke; and the other in maiestie.
1801Southey Thalaba x. xxxv, Laila rush'd between To save the *saviour Youth.
b. Special combinations: saviour's blanket, flannel, in Sussex and Kent, a local name for several plants with greyish downy leaves, esp. lamb's ears, Stachys lanata, or mullein, Verbascum thapsus.
1882H. Friend Gloss. Devonshire Plant Names 10 In Sussex the small plant (Stachys lanata) with a similar leaf is called ‘Saviour's Blanket’. 1927V. Woolf Jrnl. 4 July (1980) III. 144 They [sc. slightly furred cheeks] are like saviours flannel, of which she picked me a great bunch, in texture.
Hence ˈsaviouress, a female saviour; ˈsaviourhood, ˈsaviourship, the quality or fact of being a saviour.
c1553Latimer in Foxe A. & M. (1563) 1309/2 When men can not be content that she [sc. our Lady] was a creature saued, but as it were a sauioresse, not neding saluation. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. iii. Disc. xix. 143 Polycrita Naxia [expired] being saluted the Saviouresse of her countrey. 1650Fuller Pisgah iv. v. 91 Finding an Egyptian wronging an Israelite he kils him; shewing therein some signes of that Saviour-ship, which God intended him for. 1864P. Brooks Myst. Iniq., etc. xviii. (1893) 317 What if there had been for ever a Saviourhood in the Deity. 1893Athenæum 30 Dec. 919/2 The Indian Buddhist Cult of Avalokita and his Consort Tārā the Saviouress. 1900R. J. Campbell in Chr. World Pulpit 31 Jan. 71 The Saviourhood of Christ. 1905Marzials Browning 49 Unfolding the mysteries of his saviourship of society.
▪ II. saviour, savir
obs. forms of savour. |