| 释义 |
‖ fenestra|fɪˈnɛstrə|
Pl. fenestræ.
[L. fenestra window, f. root of Gr. ϕαίνειν to show.]
A small hole or transparent spot resembling a hole.
1. Anat. A small hole or opening in a bone, etc.; esp. applied to the two openings on the inner wall of the tympanum of the ear, fenestra ovalis, fenestra rotunda (see quot. 1884).
1844Hoblyn Dict. Med. Terms 121/1 Fenestra ovalis and rotunda..the oval and round apertures of the internal ear. 1854Owen Skel. & Teeth (1855) 33 The alisphenoids, form the anterior half of the fenestra ovalis. 1870Rolleston Anim. Life 7 An interorbital fenestra. 1877Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. vii. 400 An oval fenestra, covered only by a thin and transparent portion of the integument. 1884Barr Dis. Ear iii. i. 260 The fenestra ovalis or opening into the vestibule and the fenestra rotunda or opening into the cochlea. The fenestra ovalis is in the upper and back part of the inner wall..at the bottom of a recess..The fenestra rotunda..is also situated at the bottom of a recess in the bone.
2. Zool. (See quot.)
1881Vines in Nature No. 620. 463 Fenestræ..openings [in the zoarium]..connected by the general substance of the zoarium.
3. Bot. See quot. Also ‘an opening through a membrane’ (Treas. Bot. 1866).
1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. ii. 459 The part at which the seed has separated from the ovary is indicated by a small mark or scar, called fenestra.
4. Surg.
a. A perforation in a surgical instrument other than in the handle.
In quot. 1963 fenestra has apparently been taken as a plural form.
1876Dunglison Dict. Med. Sci. (rev. ed.) 411/2 The term fenestra is also applied to the open space in the blades of a forceps. 1899C. Truax Mechanics of Surgery xxiii. 479 The sac wall, when held in this forceps, will protrude through the fenestræ of the blades, whose sharply serrated edges insure a firm grasp. 1963Mitchell-Heggs & Drew Instruments of Surgery i. 46 Charnley's dissecting forceps is designed in addition to grip suture material firmly when tying knots... The suture is trapped in the fenestrum by the block projection on the opposing jaw.
b. An opening in a dressing, plaster, etc., for access or the relief of pressure.
1876C. H. Leonard Man. Bandaging x. 116 It would be well to coat the margins of the fenestrae..with parrafin [sic], so as to prevent the absorbtion [sic] of the fluids by the dressing. 1914E. L. Eliason Pract. Bandaging v. 109 The gauze dressing over the wound should be the size and shape of the desired fenestra or window.
c. A hole cut by a surgeon in any structure of the body.
1941Surg. Gynec. & Obstet. LXXII. 472 This surgically made fenestra remains open. 1958F. B. Korkis Rec. Adv. Oto-Laryngol. (ed. 3) iv. 59 Closure of the newly made fenestra..is not as frequent as it was in the early days of the operation. |