| 释义 |
▪ I. fashion, n.|ˈfæʃən|
Forms: 4 facioun, -un(e, 4–5 fasoun (4 -zoun), 4–6 Sc. fassoun, (-s)sowne), 5–6 facion(e, -cyon, -oun, (-ssion, -oun, -s)syon(e, 5 fasceon, -schyoun, 6 facon, -son, -sson(e, fastyon, fachion, -scyon, -shin, -sshon, -s)shyon, -szshion, fayssyon), 6– fashion.
[a. OF. façon, fazon, ONF. fachon (mod. Fr. façon) = Pr. faisso, It. fazione (the Sp. faccion is of learned origin):—L. factiōn-em, n. of action f. facĕre to make: see faction n.]
†1. The action or process of making. Hence, the ‘making’ or workmanship as an element in the value of plate or jewellery. Obs.
1463Mann. & Househ. Exp. 154 Ffor the fasyon of the same schene, v. marc. 1575–6Act 18 Eliz. c. 15 This they [Goldsmythes] take not above the rate of xij d. for the ounce of Golde (besides the fashion). 1590Shakes. Com. Err. iv. i. 29 The..chargefull fashion..doth amount to three odde Duckets more. 1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 393 Of the fashion of a childe in the wombe, and how the members are framed. 1664Pepys Diary (1879) III. 62 They judge the fashion to be worth above 5s. per oz. more. 1761–2Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) III. App. iii. 630, 14 or 15 thousand pounds weight [of silver plate], which, besides the fashion, would be [etc.].
2. a. Make, build, shape. Hence, in wider sense, visible characteristics, appearance. Said both of material and of immaterial things. arch. † out of fashion: out of shape.
Some of the earlier instances may belong to 2 c.
a1300Cursor M. 22322 (Cott.) Fair in faciun for to sei. c1320Sir Beues 2155 Me wolde þenke be his fasoun, Þat hit were Beues of Hamtoun. c1350Will. Palerne 402 A dere damisele..of all fasoun þe fairest. 14..Tundale's Vis. 2062 A crowne Off gold that was of semyly faschyown. 1440Promp. Parv. 150/2 Fassyone, or factyone, forme of makynge, forma, formefactura, formefactio. c15111st Eng. Bk. Amer. (Arb.) Introd. 35/1 There be dyuers people of fason in our lande..there be people that haue the body of a man and the hede lyke a dogge. 1526Tindale Luke xii. 56 Ye can skyll of the fassion of the erth, and of the skye. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utop. i. (Arb.) 31 Vnder the line equinoctiall..all thynges bee..out of fassyon, and comelinesse. 1562Turner Herbal ii. 85 a, Phalaris..hath a sede..whyte in fasshon. 1581Mulcaster Positions xxx. (1887) 111 If the infirmitie in fashion be casuall..exercise..will make that streight, which was croked. 1611Bible Luke ix. 29 The fashion of his countenance was altered. 1615Crooke Body of Man 20 He inquireth into the nature and fashion of euery Bone. a1661Fuller Worthies (1840) II. 261 This county, in fashion, is like a bended bow. 1784Cowper Task i. 21 A massy slab, in fashion square or round. 1793Burke Rem. Policy Allies Wks. 1842 I. 591 The fashion of some constitution which suited with their fancies. 1865Swinburne Poems & Ball., Before Parting 21, I know..The fashion of fair temples tremulous With tender blood. 1877L. Morris Epic Hades ii. 221, I knew not The fashion of his nature.
†b. Spoken of as an attribute, that may be imparted and possessed; form as opposed to matter.
1576Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) p. v, The craftesman that bringeth it to fashion. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. iv. (1586) 185 b, The..common sort [of bees] when they begin to have fashion, are called Nimphes. 1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 394 The seede..receiueth not fashion presently vpon the conception, but remaineth for a time without any figure. 1614Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat. 897 When wee have matter, wee can give fashion: thou gavest a being to the matter, without forme.
†c. Face, features. Obs.[A very common use in OF.; perh. associated with face.] c1300Cursor M. 21319 (Cott.) Matheu o man he has facium, Luce has of ox. c1430Pilgr. Lyf Manhode iii. xxxviii. (1869) 155 She shadwde hire visage and hire facioun vnder hire hood.
3. a. A particular make, shape, style, or pattern. Somewhat arch.
c1325Song Merci 41 in E.E.P. (1862) 119, I made þe Mon..Of feture liche myn owne fasoun. a1450Le Morte Arth. 2531 Galeis grete of fele fasowne. 1522Bury Wills (Camden) 116 A quarte wyne pott of the olde fasshon. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 299 Two standing cuppes of silver, differing from the fashion of this time. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. 9 The very Romane Seruice was of two fashions, the New fashion, and the Old. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. i. 62 Besides, our fashions of Utensils differ mightily from theirs. 1714J. Fortescue-Aland Pref. Fortescue's Abs. & Lim. Mon. 32 The Author..puts in his Franco-Germanick, of the Latin fashion. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 464 A limited monarchy after the modern fashion. 1849James Woodman iv, Spreading out at the edges in the fashion of a basin.
b. esp. with reference to attire: a particular ‘cut’ or style. Cf. 8 c, 9.
1529Supplic. to King (E.E.T.S.) 52 Somtyme cappe, somtyme hoode; nowe the Frenshe fasshyon, nowe the Spanyshe fasshyon. 1605Shakes. Lear iii. vi. 84, I do not like the fashion of your garments. a1674Clarendon Surv. Leviath. (1676) 81 To wear his Clothes of that fashion which he likes best. 1838Lytton Alice 6 Her dress..of no very modern fashion.
†c. A device, material or immaterial. Obs.
1560Whitehorne Arte Warre (1573) b ij a, Against this fashion they haue used to make a fashion like unto a paire of sheres. 1597Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 1363 Se first quhat fashion may be fund To pacifie his pains.
4. Kind, sort. Now rare. Also † in fashion to: of a kind to.
1562Turner Herbal ii. 73 b, Suche fasshon of figure is not in a Mirt-berry. 1591Shakes. Two Gent. v. iv. 61 Thou friend of an ill fashion. 1596― Merch. V. i. ii. 23 This reason is not in fashion to choose me a husband. 1608― Per. iv. ii. 84 Gentlemen of all fashions. 1611Cotgr., Panier..a fashion of Trunke made of Wicker. 1874Morley Compromise (1886) 87 Consider the difference between these two fashions of compromise.
5. a. Manner, mode, way, esp. in after, † of, in, † on, this, such a, my, his, etc. fashion. rare in pl.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 1100, & coronde wern alle of þe same fasoun. 1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 300 Palȝeonis Be stentit on syndry fassownys. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xiv. 351 To hevy a bourdon for to lede of this facyon. 1539in Vicary's Anat. (1888) App. iii. 173 [They] passed through the Cytie in good ordre after A warlike facion. 1567–83Sempill Ball. 98 Ay selling caill, The best fassoun I may. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. iii. 111 He hath importun'd me with loue, In honourable fashion. 1633Bp. Hall Hard Texts 358 We doe, in all fashions of sorrow bemoane ourselves. 1654tr. Scudery's Curia Pol. 7, I have governed my Subjects in such a fashion that [etc.]. 1715De Foe Fam. Instruct. i. v. (1841) I. 109 After quite another fashion. 1822Lamb Elia Ser. i. Distant Corr., Subjects serious in themselves, but treated after my fashion, non-seriously. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. viii. 58 In zigzag fashion..I continued to ascend.
b. In depreciatory sense, after, in, a or some fashion: somehow or another, in a sort, tolerably, not too well.
1614Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat. 459 Whom yet Rome harbors, and, in a fashion, graces. 1860G. Macdonald Ann. Q. Neighb. i. (1878) 5 Work..which I can do after some fashion. 1869Trollope He Knew xvi. (1878) 89 Providence..has made me a lady after a fashion.
†c. A method of doing anything. Obs.
1556Aurelio & Isab. (1608) K viij, And this is the fachone be the whiche al the reames and dominions..I presently do posseade, have beane gotten. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. i. (1586) 42 b, To wynnowe it after the olde fashion with the winde. 1614Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat. 404 To say nothing of the fashion of their Cures. 1674Playford Skill Mus. i. xi. 39 A good fashion of singing. 1743Lond. & Country Brew. ii. (ed. 2) 134 He would I believe alter his Mind and Fashion.
6. a. Mode of action, bearing, behaviour, demeanour, ‘air’. Now rare.
1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 29 Be what similat facyoun Meche peple to his favour he drew. a1535More De Quat. Noviss. Wks. 76/1 With som good grace and pleasant fashion. 1601? Marston Pasquil & Kath. i. 237 He..takes a whiffe with gracefull fashion. 1719D'Urfey Pills (1872) IV. 304 She keeps her cruel Fashion. 1851Thackeray Eng. Hum. ii. (1858) 81 With such a grace, with such a fashion.
b. pl. Actions, gestures, ‘ways’. Now rare.
1569J. Rogers Gl. Godly Loue 182 With spiteful wordes and wanton fashions. 1580North Plutarch (1676) 28 He..gave himself in fashions to be somewhat like a Tyrant. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. ix. 37 Whose eyes do dwell on the faces and fashions. 1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xxxvi, He shall beg my pardon, and promise better fashions.
†7. Outward action or ceremony; a mere form, pretence. Obs. exc. in Sc. phrase, to make fashion: to make a show, pretend.
1571Golding Calvin on Ps. xl. 7 Worshipping God slyghtly for fashyon sake. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. iv. i. 18 Thou but leadest this fashion of thy mallice To the last houre of act. 1637Rutherford Lett. No. 119 (1862) I. 296 The memory of his love maketh me think Christ's glooms are but for the fashion. 1653Urquhart Rabelais ii. xxii, Panurge made the fashion of driving them [i.e. dogs] away. 1816Scott Antiq. xvi, He..only just pits a bit on the plate to make fashion.
8. a. A prevailing custom, a current usage; esp. one characteristic of a particular place or period of time.
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xxvi. 544 A knighte..presented..a fayr knyff, after the facyon of the londe. 1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. D vij, How unseemelie..a fashion that is, let the wise judge. 1599Shakes. Much Ado i. i. 98 The fashion of the world is to auoid cost. 1614Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat. 870 Ingenuously, as his fashion is. 1764Goldsm. Trav. 279 The mind still turns where shifting fashion draws. 1814Scott Ld. of Isles iii. xxiv, Let every man Follow the fashion of his clan! 1821J. Q. Adams in C. Davies Metr. Syst. iii. (1871) 125 The old fashion of 140 gallons..to the butt..was then restored. a1839Praed Poems (1864) I. 366 New follies come, new faults, new fashions. 1876Mozley Univ. Serm. i. 7 As a fashion of thought the idea..has..passed away.
†b. In pl. often = ‘Manners and customs’ (of nations), ‘ways’ (of men); chiefly in phrases, to know fashions, learn fashions, see (the) fashions. Obs.
1555Waterman (title) The fardle of facions. 1599Minsheu Dial. Sp. & Eng. (1623) 36, I will dye and live with thee Peter, for thou knowest fashions. 1658–9Burton's Diary (1828) IV. 164 Any that come among you to see fashions. a1716South Serm. (1737) VI. v. 196 To see the country, and to learn fashions (as the word goes). 1721Strype Eccl. Mem. II. ii. v. 287 The king had sent him [Barnaby Fitz-Patric] thither to remain in his [the French king's] court to learn fashions.
c. spec. with regard to apparel or personal adornment.
1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. xiv. (1870) 159, I wyll not chaunge my olde fathers fashyon. 1576G. Pettie Pal. Pleas., New fashions in cutting of beardes. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. iii. ii. 72 'Tis some od humor pricks him to this fashion, Yet oftentimes he goes but meane apparel'd. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 225 Fashions crosse the Seas as oft as the Packet Boat. 1713Steele Guardian No. 10 ⁋4 An opportunity to introduce fashions amongst our young gentlemen. 1833H. Martineau Brooke Farm viii. 105 To dress themelves in Miss Black's fashions. 1859Jephson Brittany xv. 241 A tall stout man, dressed in country fashion. 1865Wright Hist. Caricature vi. (1875) 103 During the feudal ages, the fashions in France and England were always identical.
9. a. Conventional usage in dress, mode of life, etc., esp. as observed in the upper circles of society; conformity to this usage. Often personified, or quasi-personified.
(The first quot. may belong to 2 or 6.)
1602Shakes. Ham. iii. i. 161 The glasse of Fashion, and the mould of Forme. 1632Lithgow Trav. v. 205, I am..become a courtly Tobacconist; more for fashion then for liking. 1711Shaftesbury Charac. (1737) III. 288 The man of quality..must, for fashion-sake, appear in love. 1739Cibber Apol. (1756) I. 71 Taste and fashion with us have always had wings. 1781Cowper Expostulation 38 As Int'rest biass'd knaves, or fashion fools. 1793Beddoes Catarrh 169 To break the spell of Fashion would be an atchievement. 1806Med. Jrnl. XV. 91 Fashion, that destroying angel. 1829Lytton Devereux ii. vii, Some better object to worship than the capricieuse of fashion. 1865Pall Mall G. 1 Aug. 10/2 Fashion and bon ton are by no means the same thing. 1892Daily News 23 Apr. 3/5 Fashion is the all-absorbing subject.
b. Fashionable people; the fashionable world.
1807–8W. Irving Salmag. (1824) 161 Days..When heart met heart in fashion's hall. 1873Browning Red Cott. Nt.-cap 125 Paris fashion's blame.
c. high fashion (chiefly attrib.), haute couture; also transf.
1958Sunday Times 19 Oct. 25/1 ‘Line for line’ copies of French models are the current high fashion rage in New York. 1959Observer 22 Mar. 3/8 Now that high fashion has overtaken the circular, manufacturers have two kinds of worry. 1959News Chron. 10 Aug. 6/5 The high-fashion hats seen in Paris. 1963Listener 28 Feb. 370/1 The Education Board of the R.I.B.A. now finds its stodgy, nineteenth-century type syllabus at least partly in tune with the high fashion of the day.
10. the fashion:
a. The mode of dress, etiquette, furniture, style of speech, etc., adopted in society for the time being. to lead, set the fashion: to be an example in dress, etc., for others to follow. to be in the fashion: to adopt the accepted style.
1568Grafton Chron. II. 34 A scarlet Robe with a hoode (as the fashion then was). 1601? Marston Pasquil & Kath. i. 276 Her loue is..as vnconstant as the fashion. 1604Jas. I Counterbl. (Arb.) 105 It is come to be the fashion. 1612Rowlands Knaue of Harts 13 Let vs haue standing Collers, in the fashion. 1710Steele Tatler No. 77 ⁋1 Alexander the Great had a wry Neck, which made it the Fashion in his Court, to carry their Heads on one Side. 1762Goldsm. Nash 10 Several persons qualified to lead the fashion both by birth and fortune. 1794Nelson in Nicolas Disp. (ed. 2) I. 474 It is the fashion to say it would have been difficult to make a breach. 1838De Morgan Ess. Probab. Pref. 7 It was then very much the fashion..to publish results and conceal methods. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge xvi, The fashion being of course set by the upper class.
b. The person or thing that it is fashionable to admire or discuss.
1790–1811Combe Devil upon Two Sticks (1817) II. 217, I should not be tempted to marry him, if he were not the fashion. 1824Medwin Convers. Byron (1832) I. 55, I was the fashion when she first came out. 1837Miss Mitford in L'Estrange Life III. v. 78 Another book..is much the fashion.
11. in, out of (the) fashion: in, out of, vogue or customary use, esp. in polite society; according or contrary to the customary rule or standard. Also to bring, come, grow into, go out of fashion.
1601Shakes. Jul. C. v. v. 5 Slaying is the word, It is a deed in fashion. 1601― All's Well i. i. 170 Virginitie like an olde Courtier, weares her cap out of fashion. 1603Florio Montaigne (1632) 505 The Hungarians did very availefully bring them [war-coaches] into fashion. 1608W. Sclater Malachy (1650) 103 Sins, when they are grown into fashion, are swallowed up as no sins. 1614Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat. 684 Shall nothing but our soules be out of the fashion? 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 55 Let him..take heed, that the apparell he weares, be in fashion in the place where he resideth. 1719D'Urfey Pills (1872) V. 154 Would you be a man in Fashion? 1728W. Cleland Let. Publisher Pope's Dunciad 19 Out of power, or out of fashion. 1782Priestley Corrupt. Chr. II. ix. 157 Solitary pilgrimages were..much in fashion. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 179 The decorous gravity which had been thirty years before in fashion at Whitehall. 1850Tait's Mag. XVII. 532 1 Little dogs that had come into fashion. 1880M. E. Braddon Just as I am vii, Aunt Dora's gowns..were always in the fashion.
12. (man, woman) of fashion:
†a. (In early use often more fully of high fashion, great fashion, good fashion.) Of high quality or breeding, of eminent social standing or repute. [Cf. sense 4 and OF. gens de (bonne) façon.] This gradually merges into the current sense b. That moves in upper-class society, and conforms to its rules with regard to dress, expenditure, and habits.
c1489Caxton Blanchardyn xlviii. 187 They..defended theym vygoryously, as men of highe facion. 1597Sir R. Cecil in Ellis Orig. Lett. i. 234 III. 43 A Gentleman of excellent fashion. a1618Raleigh Apol. 7 It is strange that men of fashion and Gentlemen should so grosly bely their owne knowledge. c1675Househ. Ord. 354 Persons of good fashion..that have a desire to see us at dinner. 1702W. J. Bruyn's Voy. Levant x. 37 Greeks of Fashion, who are not for herding with the Populace. 1752Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 204 Augustus was obliged..to force men of fashion into the married state. 1755E. Moore in World No. 151 (1772) III. 278 A woman cannot be a woman of fashion till she has lost her reputation. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xxi, Intimacy with people of the best fashion. 1800E. Hervey Mourtray Fam. II. 76 A person of her fashion and figure. 1824Medwin Convers. Byron (1832) II. 50, I..was in favour with Brummell (and that was alone enough to make a man of fashion).
13. attrib. and Comb.
a. Simple attrib. fashion-artist, fashion-designer, fashion-journal, fashion-letter, fashion magazine, fashion mania, fashion-model (so fashion-modelling vbl. n.), fashion show; fashion-conscious adj.
1903A. Bennett Truth about Author x. 120, I could instruct a *fashion-artist.
1951M. McLuhan Mech. Bride 75/2 Mallarmé and Joyce refused to be distracted by the *fashion-conscious sirens of contents and subject matter. 1960Guardian 15 July 8/2 The fashion-conscious visitor to Paris.
1909Westm. Gaz. 15 Mar. 5/1 The very red about which *fashion-designers are decided.
1905E. Wharton House of Mirth ii. ix. 432 The newspapers, the *fashion-journals.
1894E. L. Shuman Steps into Journalism 154 Jennie June..who is known all over the country for her syndicate *fashion letters. 1903A. Bennett Truth about Author x. 120 A Paris fashion-letter.
1879M. E. Braddon Vixen II. xiv. 256 Your trousseau should be..described in the *fashion magazines. 1966H. Yoxall Fashion of Life viii. 75 The majority of middle-aged women still have distressingly little sense of style... For them the fashion magazines might just as well not exist.
1829Westm. Rev. XI. 399 This practice of blushing for unmodish friends..belongs to the *fashion-mania.
1962John o' London's 22 Mar. 291/1 An ageing *fashion-model. 1970P. Moyes Who saw her Die? i. 12 She was thirty-three years old, with the figure of a fashion model.
1964C. Barber Present-Day Eng. v. 118 *Fashion-modelling has been built up..as the ideal career.
1938Collier's 8 Jan. 13 This is, believe it or not, a *fashion show.
†b. Forming with preceding adj. a quasi-adj. or adjectival phrase. Obs.
1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. i. i. 4 What fashion Cloaths the Roman officers..used. 1712E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 85 The great Square..has old Fashion Houses on the East and South Sides.
c. Forming with a preceding n. or adj. an adverbial phrase. Cf. -wise.
[1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 313 He had deuysed newe engynes after towerre facion.] 1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. iv. xxxii, Made like an Ivie leaf, broad-angle-fashion. 1670Narborough Jrnl. in Acc. Sev. Late Voy. i. (1711) 66 Flint stones, neatly made broad Arrow-fashion. 1710Lond. Gaz. No. 4748/4 A Silver Hungary Water Bottle Flask fashion gilt. 1721Bailey, Capon Fashion [in Archery], the same as Bob-tail. 1796H. Glasse Cookery xviii. 295 Take the leg of a..small beef..and cut it ham-fashion. 1809–12M. Edgeworth Absentee ix, Laying the outer⁓most part of your feather this fashion next to your hook. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) I. App. 624 The tardy bridal was done Christian fashion. 1886R. C. Leslie Sea-painter's Log 216 Picked up the puppy, holding it baby fashion in his arms.
d. objective, as fashion-following n., fashion-fancying adj.; instrumental, as fashion-bound, fashion-driven, fashion-favoured, fashion-fettered, fashion-led, fashion-minded, fashion-ridden adjs.
1949Koestler Insight & Outlook xxi. 297 Implicit, sophisticated, or *fashion-bound forms of artistic expression.
1891Kipling Light that Failed iv. 69 The easy applause of a *fashion-driven public.
1896Westm. Gaz. 2 July 4/3 *Fashion-favoured stuffs.
1647Ward Simp. Cobler 25 These *fashion-fansying wits Are empty thinbrain'd shells.
1887Pall Mall G. 26 Sept. 11/2 *Fashion-fettered fops.
1621S. Ward Happiness of Practice (1627) 43 Sabbath-breaking, and *fashion-following.
1784Cowper Tiroc. 779 Whom do I advise? the *fashion-led.
1938Chatelaine Oct. 2/1 The upward sweep has become of intense importance to the *fashion-minded. 1940Manch. Guardian Weekly 30 Aug. 142 British manufacturers are continually producing new samples to meet the requirements of the most fashion-minded overseas wearers.
1897G. B. Shaw Let. 28 May (1965) 770 The silly visionary *fashion-ridden theatres.
14. Special comb.: fashion-book, a book describing and illustrating new fashions in dress; fashion-fly, fig. one who sports in the beams of fashion; fashion house, a business establishment for the display and sale of high-quality clothes; fashion-paper, a journal of fashionable life; esp. a journal specializing in current fashions in dress; fashion-picture, a representation of fashionable costumes; fashion piece, Naut. (see quots.); fashion plate, ‘a pictorial design showing the prevailing style or new style of dress’ (W.); also applied to other kinds of fashionable display; fashion-timber, = fashion-piece. Also fashion-monger.
1840Fiddle Faddle Fashion Book 8/1 To depart from Fashion in a *Fashion-Book is so shocking a thing that we tremble at the very idea of it. 1853Mrs. Gaskell Cranford vii. 134 Three or four handsomely bound fashion-books ten or twelve years old. 1907B. M. Croker Company's Servant viii. 74, I have brought back..a fashion-book, ribbons, gloves, and lots of sweets.
1868Ld. Houghton Select. fr. Wks. 63 Many a careless *fashion-fly.
1958London Mag. Dec. 33 A woman of character and elegance who ran a *fashion house on one of the streets near Central Park. 1970D. Wheatley Gateway to Hell iv. 44 She..became the top model in a leading fashion house.
1885E. D. Gerard Waters Hercules xxx, She snatched up the *fashion-paper. 1901F. H. Burnett Making of Marchioness i. i. 4 You might get on to one of the second-class fashion-papers to answer ridiculous questions about house⁓keeping or wall-papers or freckles. 1913Kipling Lett. of Travel (1920) 246 She showed me what looked like a fashion-paper print of a dress-stuff. 1925L. P. Smith Words & Idioms iii. 127 Even in fashion-papers we read of ‘creations’ in millinery.
1884Sat. Rev. 14 June 780/1 The subject..is a mere *fashion-picture.
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. ii. 2. From it [the Stern-post] doth rise the two *fashion peeces, like a paire of great hornes. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn., Fashion-pieces are those two Timbers which describe the breadth of the Ship at the Stern. 1830Marryat King's Own xlix, My..fashion pieces were framed out. c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 117 Fashion-pieces, the timbers..fashioning the after-part of the ship in the plane of projection, by terminating the breadth and forming the shape of the stern.
1851A. O. Hall Manhattaner 21 She unrolls the *fashion plate. 1859L. Wilmer Press Gang 332 Fashion-plate magazines. 1864Webster, Fashion plate. 1891Stamp Collector Dec. 48 The latest philatelic ‘fashion plates’ tell us that the new idea of collecting postal cards is to collect them direct from the countries issuing them. 1908Westm. Gaz. 26 May 4/2 Altering the outline of each new season's model, with the result that the preceding ones are..rendered old-fashioned... We do not want the fashion-plate methods to become general amongst motor-constructors. 1967D. Yarwood Eng. Costume (ed. 3) viii. 211 We now have innumerable fashion plates and magazines.
▸ fashion-forward adj. designating clothing, a person, etc., at the cutting edge of fashion.
1948Los Angeles Times 26 July i. 16 (advt.) Our own nylons in our own Bel-Air package..aristocratic, a product of nylon dreams..exclusive and *fashion forward. 2003Independent 9 Oct. 7/5 It is a formula that had led to Balenciaga being the most desired label by those who like to consider themselves ‘fashion forward’.
▸ fashion police n. colloq. a group of people enforcing a particular dress code; esp. (humorous) a notional group of self-appointed experts who habitually comment on the fashion sense of others, usually to condemn them for a perceived lack of style.
1986Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 29 Aug. b7/1 He wanted them to get ready for next week, when they become *fashion police, enforcers of a new dress code that bans the ‘three Ds’—clothing that is dangerous, distracting and disruptive. 1988Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 16 Mar. 20 In Washington you get the feeling that if people fall out of line and, say, wear yellow shirts, or skirts above the knee, the fashion police will rush right over to cover them with a Burberry. 2001Cosmopolitan Dec. 208 It used to be that the fashion police would flag you down if you wore creamy colors after labor day.
▸ fashion victim n. usually depreciative a person who slavishly follows trends, esp. in clothing fashion.
1984Adweek 7 May 39/1 Slick, monied punks show you can wear diamonds without being a *Fashion Victim. 1992R. Graef Living Dangerously i. 39 When the precious jeans were finally on board, he sheepishly conceded there was nothing he could point to which distinguished them from any others—except the label... I felt there was some value in hinting to them they might be fashion victims rather than connoisseurs. 1999N.Y. Times Mag. 14 Nov. 87 (caption), I also had just gotten an asymmetrical buzz cut at Astor Place. I was a total MTV fashion victim.
▪ II. fashion, v.|ˈfæʃən|
Forms: 5 facioun, 6 facion, -yon, fation, fasshion, 7 fashon, 6– fashion.
[f. prec. n.; cf. F. façonner.]
1. trans. To give fashion or shape to; to form, mould, shape (either a material or immaterial object). Also, to fashion out.
1413Lydg. Pilgr. Sowle iv. xxx. (1483) 78 That this statua be faciound duely and fourmed as it sholde. c1500Melusine 50 Tentes..so meruayllously facyoned. 1551T. Wilson Logike (1580) 45 Leather when it is made or fashioned for the foote, is called a Shoe. 1608D. T. Ess. Pol. & Mor. 66 b, To polish and fashion out his then rough-hewen fortune. 1611Bible Job xxxi. 15 Did not one fashion vs in the wombe? 1690Locke Hum. Underst. ii. ii. §2 Every one..who shall go about to fashion in his Understanding any simple Idea. 1697Dryden Virgil, Life (1721) I. 41 A course Stone is presently fashion'd. 1713Gay Fan i. 112 Poems (1720) I. 35 Here the loud hammer fashions female toys. 1812H. & J. Smith Rej. Addr. (1813) 83 Our stage is so prettily fashion'd for viewing. 1838Lytton Alice 28 Young people fashion and form each other. 1863Lyell Antiq. Man 18 Fragments of rude pottery, fashioned by the hand. 1878Musque Poets 76 The wish I might have fashioned died In dreams.
†b. Said of the constituent parts of anything.
1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. i. xx. 51 A Cavity fashioned by the Os sacrum, the Hip and Share-bones.
†c. To make good-looking; to beautify. Obs.
1557N.T. (Genev.) Epist. **j, He was disfiguered to fashion vs, he dyed for our life.
2. a. To form, frame, make. rare.
c1549Hist. Lucres A ij b, Her browes bente, facioned with fewe heares. 1608D. T. Ess. Pol. & Mor. 46 b, Favonnus..had reason..to fashion them this reply. 1840Carlyle Heroes (1858) 304 Many have to perish, fashioning a path through the impassable. 1863Longfellow Wayside Inn Prel. 275 The instrument..was fashioned of maple and of pine. 1880E. Kirke Garfield 13 Bringing his saw and jackplane again into play, he fashioned companies..out of maple blocks.
†b. To contrive, manage. Obs.
c1540Pilgr. T. 79 in Thynne Animadv. App. i. 79 Then could he fation in the best wyce many a deynte dyche. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. iii. ii. 194 They haue conioyned..To fashion this false sport. 1596― 1 Hen. IV, i. iii. 297 You, and Dowglas..As I will fashion it, shall happily meete. 1604― Oth. iv. ii. 242 His going thence, which I will fashion to fall out betweene twelue and one.
3. To give a specified shape to; to model according to, after, or like (something); to form † into (the shape of something); to shape into or to (something). Also refl. and † intr. for refl.
1526Tindale Rom. viii. 29 Fasshioned unto the shape of his sonne. a1585Abp. Sandys Serm. (1841) 421 We are exhorted to fashion ourselves according to that similitude and likeness which is in him. 1599Shakes. Much Ado iii. iii. 142 Fashioning them [the Hotblouds] like Pharaoes souldiours. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 151 Coines..fashioned like point-aglets. 1672–3Grew Anat. Plants ii. ii. §31 The Mould; about which, the other more passive Principles gathering themselves, they all consort and fashion to it. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. I. 467 This they fashioned to a conical figure. 1796H. Hunter tr. St. Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) II. 149 Some of them are fashioned into the figure of shells. 1809N. Pinkney Trav. France 242 Chairs fashioned according to the designs. 1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. xx. 508 A smith to fashion his steel into picks or awls. 1872Bagehot Physics & Pol. (1876) 216 Communities which are fashioned after the structure of the elder world.
b. With complement or complementary obj.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, iii. iii. 65 When Talbot hath..fashion'd thee that Instrument of Ill. 1605― Lear i. ii. 200 All with me's meete, that I can fashion fit.
†4. To change the fashion of; to modify, transform. With compl. like, or const. to. Obs.
1528Tindale Obed. Chr. Man 97 b, When a man fealeth..him selfe..altered and fascioned lyke vnto Christe. 1547Homilies 1 Falling from God i. 1859 84 Be fashioned to him in all goodness requisite to the children of God. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 382 Fashion yourselfe to sobernesse. a1592H. Smith Serm. (1866) 312 Fashion thyself to Paul. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. ii. i. 220 Send him but hither, and Ile fashion him. 1611Bible Phil. iii. 21 Who shall change our vile bodie, that it may bee fashioned like vnto his glorious body. 1753Foote Eng. in Paris Epil. Wks. 1799 I. 31 His roughness she'll soften, his figure she'll fashion.
†b. To counterfeit, pervert. Obs.
1599Shakes. Much Ado i. iii. 31 It better fits my bloud to be disdain'd of all, then to fashion a carriage to rob loue from any. 1599― Hen. V, i. ii. 14 God forbid..That you should fashion, wrest, or bow your reading.
5. To give (a person or thing) a fashion or form suitable to or to do (something); to accomodate, adapt to. Also refl. and intr. for refl. Now rare.
1526Tindale 1 Cor. ix. 22 In all thynge I fasshioned my silfe to all men. 1591Shakes. Two Gent. iii. i. 135 How shall I fashion me to weare a cloake? 1599― Much Ado v. iv. 88 A halting sonnet..Fashioned to Beatrice. 1608D. T. Ess. Pol. & Mor. 88 b, There are some that fashion themselves to nothing more, then how to become speculative into another. 1612Brerewood Lang. & Relig. vi. 50 It was spoken corruptly, according as the peoples tongues would fashion to it. 1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, iv. ii. 50 This Cardinall..fashion'd to much Honor From his Cradle. 1623Massinger Dk. Milan ii. i, Lies..fashion'd to so damnable a purpose. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 529 We fashion our selves to extoll the ages past. 1770Goldsm. Des Vill. 146 Doctrines fashioned to the varying hour. 1871Tyndall Fragm. Sc. (1879) II. i. 3 These priests fashioned that which they did not understand to their respective wants and wishes.
†b. To present the form of; to represent. Obs.
1590–6Spenser (title), The Faerie Queene, Disposed into twelve books fashioning XII Morall vertues.
c. intr. To bring oneself, ‘have the face’ (to do something). dial. (Cf. quot. 1591 in 5.)
1847E. Brontë Wuthering Heights (1858) 11 Aw wonder how yah can faishion to stand theear i' idleness. Ibid. 29 She did fly up, asking how he could fashion to bring that gipsy brat into the house. 1883Almondbury & Huddersf. Gloss., ‘Why don't you go and ask him for it?’ ‘I cannot fashion’.
6. Naut. (See quot.) Obs.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789) C iv b, The knees..fashion the transoms to the ship's side. [Ibid. supra: The knees which connect the beams to the sides.]
▪ III. fashion
var. of farcin Obs., farcy. |