| 释义 |
extraˈversion
[ad. mod.L. extrāversiōn-em, f. L. extrā outwards + versiōn-em, n. of action f. vertĕre to turn: see extroversion.]
†1. A turning out; a rendering manifest. Obs. rare.
a1691Boyle Imperfect. Doctr. Qual. vii, The supposed extraversion or intraversion of sulphur. 1692–1732Coles, Extraversion, a turning ones thoughts upon outward objects. [1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Extraversio in chemistry, a term used to express the rendering manifest any thing saline, alcaline, or acid, concealed in mixed bodies.]
2. Psychol. = extroversion 3. (Cf. quot. 1692–1732 in sense 1.)
1915Jung in Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. IX. 396, I called the hysterical type the extraversion type and the psychasthénic type the introversion type. 1916C. E. Long tr. Jung's Coll. Papers Anal. Psychol. 288, I propose to use the terms ‘Extraversion’ and ‘Introversion’ to describe these two opposite directions of the libido. Ibid., I will call ‘regressive extraversion’ the phenomenon which Freud calls ‘transference’ (Übertragung), by which the hysteric projects into the objective world the illusions, or subjective values of his feelings. 1924A. G. Ikin in Brit. Jrnl. Med. Psychol. IV. 207 In altroversion psychic energy is not consistently directed inwards or outwards as in introversion and extraversion, but can flow freely either way. 1934W. Brown Psychol. & Psychotherapy (ed. 3) ix. 112 Re-education must include stimulation of their emotional, ethical, and intellectual powers, particularly in the direction of extraversion.
So extraˈversive a. = extroversive a.; ˈextravert n. = extrovert n.; ˈextraverted ppl. a. = extroverted ppl. a.
1915Jung in Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. IX. 397 An extraverted individual can hardly understand the necessity that forces the introverted to accomplish his adaptation by first formulating a general conception. 1916C. E. Long tr. Jung's Coll. Papers Anal. Psychol. 288, We say that he is extraverted when he gives his fundamental interest to the outer or objective world, and attributes an all-important and essential value to it. Ibid. 348 The extraverted type has his libido to a certain extent externally. Ibid. 349 An Extravert can hardly conceive the necessity which compels the Introvert to conquer the world by means of a system. 1924A. G. Ikin in Brit. Jrnl. Med. Psychol. IV. 214, I have suggested the use of the term altroversion for the socialisation of either the introverted or the extraverted types..with balance between the self and the environment. Ibid., The personality which thus combines introvert and extravert reactions..can be..called an ‘altrovert’..[as that] resulting from a one-sided synthesis of interest and libido, with over emphasis on ego and object respectively, is called an introvert or an extravert. 1926G. Coster Psycho-Analysis 38 The extravert goes out to people and things, enjoying contacts and shrinking from solitude and meditation. 1937Scrutiny Dec. 288 They [sc. Wiéner's melodies] have a typically French sexual exuberance, are completely extraversive. 1944Mind LIII. 286 Hoernlé's social conscience was persistent, active and extraversive. 1966Illustr. London News 30 July 34/2 Civilisations as advanced as the ones they had left behind—though less aggressive and extraverted. |