| 释义 |
▪ I. rede, n.1 Now arch. or poet. and dial.|riːd|
Forms: 1–3 ræd, 3 reæd, ræid, (reað), 3–6, 9 read, 3–7 (9 Sc.) reade, 3 (4–6 Sc.) reid, (5 Sc. -e), 3–7 reed, (5–7 -e), 2–7 (8 Sc.), 9 rede; 1–5 (6 Sc.) red, 5 redde, 7 Sc. redd, 2–3 (7 Sc.) rad, 3–4 rade.
[Common Teut.: OE. rǽd masc. = OFris. rêd, OS. râd (MDu. rāt, rād-, Du. raad), OHG. rât (G. rath, rat), ON. ráð neut. (Sw. råd, Da. raad):—OTeut. *ræ̂đo-z (? and *ræ̂đom), f. the stem of the vb. *ræ̂đan to read or rede.
The word is very frequent in OE. and early ME., and remained in literary use till the beginning of the 17th c. After that date it is rarely found until revived in archaic and poetic diction in the 19th c.]
1. a. Counsel or advice given by one person to another.
Beowulf 3080 (Z.) Ne meahton we ȝelæran..rices hyrde ræd æniȝne þæt he ne grette gold weard þone. c1000ælfric Exod. xviii. 19 Ac ȝehyr mine word and minne ræd. c1175Lamb. Hom. 63 Þe luste nulleð þesne red wisliche he scal wurðen ded. c1205Lay. 5293 Þeos eorles comen to Rome..axeden heom ræddes. a1300Cursor M. 15139 A rede i sal yow giue, And herkens all to me. 13..K. Alis. 6165 He..so longe criede and bade, That him com from heven, rade, How he scholde heom distroye. 1375Barbour Bruce ii. 122 Tak him as off thine awyne heid, As I had gevyn thar-to na reid. c1412Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 411 My rede in happe yit the profite may. 1509Barclay Shyp of Folys (1570) 17 The reade and aduisement, Of wise men,..Helpeth thine owne, be thou neuer so prudent. 1550Crowley Last Trump. 942 If thou be calde a counseller, And many men do seke thy read. 1607J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Plough 84 Refusing all vaine babling and unprofitable reeds of fools. 1632Holland Cyrupædia 185 If according to your rede, I had bin a hoarder of gold. 1786Burns Ep. Young Friend xi, May you better reck the rede, Than ever did th' Adviser! 1814Scott Ld. of Isles iii. iii, Is this thy rede? 1876Morris Sigurd iv. 371 That he hearken the council of night and the rede that to-morrow saith.
Prov.a1235Roger of Wendover Chron. (E.H.S.) II. 18 [Unus ex illis cujus arbitrium omnes exspectabant, præcipitanter patria lingua dixit,] Schort red, god red; slea ye the bischop. a1250Prov. ælfred 336 in O.E. Misc. 122 Hit is ifurn iseyd þat cold red is quene red. 1599Porter Angry Wom. Abingd. (Percy Soc.) 82, I could haue said to you, syr, Take heede is a good reede.
†b. In phr. by (after, through, with) one's rede; also to do by one's rede, to accept one's advice. Obs.
c1122O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 1043 Be þæs cynges læfe & ræda. Ibid. an. 1100 Be þære ræde þe him abutan wæran. a1225Leg. Kath. 6 Constentin ferde þurh þe burh⁓menne reað into Fronclonde. a1300Cursor M. 2290 Lik til his fader þat was ded A wygur was mad wit his red. 13..Guy Warw. (A.) 1238 Leue sone,..Þou do bi þi faders rede. c1412Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 1119 Sone, by my rede thow shalt do so. c1420Chron. Vilod. st. 562 So þey dedon trewelyche after his redde. 1554Interl. Youth A ij b, And yet syr do by my rede. 1587M. Grove Pelops & Hipp. (1878) 73 Leaue of I pray you by my reade.
†c. to give to rede: to give by way of counsel or advice. Obs.
13..Cursor M. 10791 (Gött.) Ne had he neuer gyuen to rede, þat iesu crist war don to dede. c1400Destr. Troy 12002 The grekys..gyffon to red, Ilion to ouerturne. c1430Syr Tryam. 634 Moche warre began to sprede Yn hur lande..Therfore sche ys gevyn to rede, To take a lorde.
2. a. Counsel, decision, or resolve taken by one or more persons; a plan, design, or scheme devised or adopted.
c1000ælfric Vet. Test. 2 (Gr.) Se ræd wæs æfre on his rædfæstum ȝeþance, þæt he wircan wolde þa wundorlican ᵹesceafta. c1050in Thorpe Dipl. Angl. Sax. (1865) 322 Ic þa feng on minne aᵹenne red. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 11198 An vewe wilde hinen a liȝt red þer of nome. c1330Arth. & Merl. 2048 (Kölbing) Bi comoun dome, bi comoun rade, Vterpendragon coroun nam & king of Inglond bicam. c1386Chaucer Doctor's T. 146 Whan þat assented was this cursed reed, Glad was this Iuge. c1425Seven Sag. (P.) 226 Sone aftir that scho was dede, Hys fadir hadde anothir rede. c1440York Myst. iv. 44 Lovyng be ay to suche a lord,..[who] mayd vs after his owen read. 1870Morris Earthly Par. III. iv. 316 Therefore swift rede I take with all things here.
†b. to take to rede: to adopt as one's decision or plan; to decide, resolve. Also with dative (refl.) pronoun. Obs.
c893K. ælfred Oros. iv. v. §2 Hanno..him to ræde ᵹenom þæt he hie ealle to ᵹereordum to him ᵹehete. c1205Lay. 440 Seoþen he nom to rede..þat he an wriht makede. Ibid. 20210 Heo nomen heom to ræden þat aȝæin heo wolden riden. a1300Cursor M. 4032 Þir breþer tuam þam tok to red To dele þair landes þam bi-tuixs. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 52 Þo childre tok to rede, to com vnto þis lond. 1390Gower Conf. III. 214 Gedeon..tok him to rede, And sende in al the lond aboute.
†c. to take rede: to take counsel, resolve, decide. Obs.
c1330Arth. & Merl. 286 (Kölbing) [Þai] tok rede bi tvixen hem to, Þe to childer ouer þe se bring. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxi. (Clement) 636 Clement wysly tuk rede, þat he wald nocht next petir be. c1400Destr. Troy 8996 Palamydon..All his Renkes had arayet, as he rede toke.
†3.
a. A scheme, plan, or method for attaining some end; a principle or course of action, mode of procedure. Obs.
For the obs. Sc. phr. will of rede, see will a.
Beowulf 1376 (Z.) Nu is se ræd ȝelang eft æt þe anum. c893K. ælfred Oros. iv. x. §8 Scipia..Romanum to ræde ȝelærde, þæt hie foren mid scipum on Hannibales land. c1205Lay. 30576 Ofte he hine biðohte what he don mahte and biþohten him enne ræd. a1250Gen. & Ex. 309 Ic wene I can a red, ðat hem sal bringen iwel sped. a1300Cursor M. 14254 Leif lauerd, sco said, quat rede? Mi broþer nu es fra me ded. 1382Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 252, I leeve this beo ur best red, To thenke on this warnyng and be ware. c1420Sir Amadace (Camden) xxii, Take the tille a bettur rede. c1470Henryson Mor. Fab. ii. Town & C. Mouse xx, So desolate and will of ane gude reid. 1549–62Sternhold & H. Ps. cxix. 100 To keepe thy lawes, I held it aye best reede.
†b. to be to rede: to be an advisable or possible course of action (for one). Obs.
971Blickl. Hom. 205 Hie befrinon & beahsodan hwæt him þæs to ræde þuhte. a1200Moral Ode 90 Hwat scal us to rede. c1205Lay. 13527 Whæt maȝe we nu to rade [c 1275 Wat his vs nou to reade], whæ scal us nu ræden. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 864 Brutus..nyste what was best to red. c1350Will. Palerne 903, I not in þe world what is me to rede. Ibid. 3885 He.. seide after anon ‘Alas! what to rede!’
†c. With no or no other: no (or no other) plan, device, or way to act, esp. in order to help or save oneself. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 9121 Alas alas of engelond ne can ich nanne red. 1375Barbour Bruce i. 568 Quharfor syne he tholyt ded; Than he couth set tharfor na rede. c1400Rom. Rose 3859, I was astoned, and knew no rede, But fledde awey for verrey drede. c1470Henry Wallace v. 588 The madyn than wyst off no othyr rede, Bot..purchest had king Eduardis protectioune. a1542Wyatt Poet. Wks. (1861) 69 For in despair there is no rede.
†d. Occurrence, event, hap, lot. Obs.
c1205Lay. 3910 Seoðden her com a strong ræd þat Riwald kinge iwerð deað. Ibid. 8164 Þe oðer wolde him habben dæd; hit þuhte him swiðe hærd ræd. c1420Sir Amadace (Camden) xvi, Thus carefulle is my rede. a1425Cursor M. 14295 (Trin.) My broþer lazer þi frend is deed And þat is to me a colde reed. c1440Sir Gowther 661 [He] halp holy chirche with his myght, Thus cawght he better rede.
†4.
a. What is advisable, advantageous or profitable for one; aid, help, succour; remedy. Obs.
805–31Charter in O.E. Texts 444 He brytnie swæ hiᵹum maest red sie. a1000Boeth. Metr. ii. 12 [Hi] me þa berypton rædes & frofre. c1000ælfric Saints' Lives xii. 122 Bið nu micel ræd þam þe his sylfes recð. c1175Lamb. Hom. 63 Gif us to dei ure deies bred Lauerd god al ure red. c1315Shoreham (E.E.T.S.) ii. 32 And ȝyf þe lyues [= living] mylse and grace Þe dede red and reste. c1375Cursor M. 8376 (Fairf.) Peraunter þer wil rise strife bot ȝe do rede in ȝoure life. c1420Sir Amadace (Camden) xxxv, Lord, I aske the rede, Hastely that I were dede. c1485Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1793 Blyssyd mavdleyn, be hyr rede!
†b. to take rede to: to seek help for. Obs.—1
a1225Leg. Kath. 1379 Þe deore Drihtin areaw us, & toc read to ure alde dusischipes.
5. The faculty of deliberation, or the exercise of this; judgement, prudence, reason. rede-craft (see quot. 1880). Obs. exc. arch.
a900Cynewulf Elene 553 (Gr.) Is eow rædes þearf on meðelstede, modes snyttro. a1200Moral Ode 4 (Trin. Coll. MS.) Þeih i bie a winter eald, to ȝung ich am on rade. a1250Owl & Night. 682 Never nis wit so kene, So wane red him is ayene. 1399Langl. Rich. Redeles iii. 125 Ho is riall of his ray..light reede him ffolwith. a1650Merline in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 424 A doughtye man he was of deed, & right wise he was of reede.
Comb.a1250Owl & Night. 694 Ȝif þat he forleost his wit, þonne is his redpurs al toslit. 1880W. Barnes (title) An outline of rede-craft (logic) with English wording.
†6. The act of taking counsel together, or of assembling for this purpose; a council. Obs.
Beowulf 172 (Z.) Moniᵹ oft ᵹesæt rice to rune, ræd eahtedon. c1000ælfric Saints' Lives xix. 201 Þa wæs se acitofel mid absalone on ræde, and rædde him [etc.]. c1000― Hom. II. 242 He sona eode to ðæra Iudeiscra ræde [etc.]. c1205Lay. 374 Alle þe weren at þisse reade biluuede þeos runen. a1300Cursor M. 4550 Þe barunnage mikel ferli thoght þat suilk to king red was broght. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 48 Þe clergie & þe baronage samned at a reade. c1375Cursor M. 7901 (Fairf.) Shortly wiþ-out mare rede þai sulde [him take] and bringe to dede.
7. a. Tale, narrative, story; † a saying, proverb. (Cf. read v. 14.)
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxiii. (Seven Sleepers) 362 Wes nane þat euire hard tel of ony of þame in red na spel. 1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. July 11 This reede is ryfe, that often⁓time, great clymbers fall vnsoft. 1665R. Brathwait Comment Two Tales 82 Read your Rede to me then boldly, you shall find me an honest old woman. 1808Scott Marm. vi. L'Envoy, A final note..to bid the gentles speed Who long have listened to my rede. 1868Browning Ring & Bk. x. 227 All's a clear rede, and no more riddle now.
†b. Speech. Obs. rare—1.
1596Spenser F.Q. iv. x. 34 Concord she cleeped was in common reed, Mother of blessed Peace.
c. Interpretation.
1871Browning Pr. Hohenst. 11 Sphynx in wise old age, Grown..jealous for her riddle's proper rede.
▪ II. † rede, n.2 Obs. rare.
Also 5 reede.
[Of obscure origin.]
A small trench or furrow.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. iv. 219 Sperage is sowe..In redes [L. fossulis] smale, ymaad by lyne, in wete And fat lond. Ibid. xii. 73 Maak redes [L. sulcos] in the bord, and ther bistowe Hem in the coppe.
▪ III. † rede, n.3 Sc. Obs. rare—1.
Sound.
c1470Henry Wallace viii. 1191 The cler rede amang the rochis rang, Throuch greyn branchis quhar byrdis..sang.
▪ IV. rede, v.1 Now arch. or poet. and dial.|riːd|
Forms: inf. 1 rǽdan, -en, 2 readan, 3 reden, 4 redyn; (and pres.) 3–6 (9 Sc.) read, (3, 6–7 -e), 4–6 reed, (5, 7 -e), 4, 5–6 Sc. reid, 5 reyd, 3–7 (8 Sc.) 9 rede; 4–6, 8–9 Sc. red, 4, 8–9 Sc. redd, (9 Sc. -e), 5 Sc., 6 rid; subj. 2–3 rade; 3 sing. pres. ind. 1 ræt, 4 ret. pa. tense 1 reord, 1, 3 rædde, 3–4 radde, 3–5 redde, 4–5 redd, 4–6 red, 6 reade. pa. pple. 1 ᵹeræd, 4 rad, 5 rade, 8 Sc. red, 9 Sc. rede.
[The same word as read v., the common ME. spelling being usually retained to distinguish the archaic from the current senses of the word. In dial. the vowel of the infin. and pres. is sometimes shortened (red, redd) on analogy of the pa. tense and pa. pple.: cf. redd v.2]
I.
†1. trans. To have or exercise control over; to rule, govern, guide. Obs.
Beowulf 2056 (Z.) Þone maðþum..þe ðu mid rihte rædan sceoldest. c888K. ælfred Boeth. xxxv. §3 He riht & ræt eallum gesceaftum, swa swa good stiora anum scipe. a1000Daniel 8 (Gr.) Þat wæs modiᵹ cyn, þenden hie þy rice ræden moston. c1205Lay. 16956 He makede þer reuen þan uolke to reden. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 179/26 To þe al mi truste was mi lond to wissi and rede. c1325Chron. Eng. 499 in Ritson Metr. Rom. II. 291 Hou he myhte him wise and rede, Ant ys lond ariht lede. c1375Cursor M. 5292 (Fairf.) Þe lorde-hede of al þis lande, to wisse and rede I haue in hande.
†b. To bring, deliver; refl. to direct (oneself) to a place. Also absol. to arrive. Obs. rare.
a1000Rect. Sing. Pers. c. 4 §1 He sceal ælcre wucan erian .i. æcer and rædan sylf ðæt sæd on hlafordes berne. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 14088 Arthur dide his flete eft dight, To Romeneye þey redde þem right. Ibid. 15892 His wey he tok..ful faste he spedde, Þat til Oxenforde algate he redde.
†2. Of God, Christ, etc.: To take care or charge of (one); to guide, guard, or protect. Obs.
a1200Moral Ode 158 (Trin. Coll. MS.) On þe daie and on þe dome us helpe crist and rade. c1250Orison Our Lady 39 in O.E. Misc. 160 Ich bidde hire to me bi-seo, And helpe me and rede. a1300Cursor M. 8397, I sai noght yon, sa godd me rede, For nan vpbraid ne for na nede. c1384Chaucer H. Fame ii. 559 Also wis god rede me But o thinge y wil warne the. c1450Holland Howlat 463 The gud king gaif the gaist to God for to reid. c1470Golagros & Gaw. 809 Gif I de doughtely, the les is my dere, Thoght he war Sampsone himself, sa me Criste reid!
†b. To save, deliver. Obs. rare.
a1300Cursor M. 906 Þou sal be slan wit duble dedd, Herd it es þe for to redd [other MSS. dede: rede]. c1374Chaucer Anel. & Arc. 340 But me to rede out of this drede or guye Ne may my wit, so weyke is hit, not streche.
†3. To decree, appoint. Obs.
c1205Lay. 18100 Swa þe is nu iræd, þer on þu ært ded. a1225Juliana 62 Þu..reddest him [David] to rixlen in sawmueles riche. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 17 Right in þe mornyng in aldermost nede Com þe kynges sonnes tuo, als Crist wild it rede. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 180 Þei couþe not..acorde to-gedere, Til Robyn þe Ropere weore Rad forte a-ryse, And nempned for a noumpere.
II.
†4. intr. To take counsel together or with another, to deliberate. Also of one person: To take counsel for others. Obs.
c893K. ælfred Oros. i. xiv. §1 Þa redon hi him betweonum, cwædon þæt hie to raðe wolde fultumlease beon [etc.]. a900tr. Bæda's Hist. i. xi. [xiv.] (1890) 50 Þa ȝesomnedon hi ȝemot & þeahtedon & ræddon, hwæt him to donne wære. c1000ælfric Saints' Lives v. 323 Wið þone rædde chromatius, and be his ræde [etc.]. c1122O.E. Chron. (Laud. MS.) an. 1010 Man þonne ræden scolde hu man þisne eard werian sceolde. c1131Ibid. 1131 Crist ræde for þa wrecce munecas of Burch. c1205Lay. 32128 Þær heo gunnen ræde, þer heo gunnen rune. 1494Fabyan Chron. vi. cxcix. 206 The kynge..called his counsayl to rede what were best to be done.
†5. trans. To agree upon, resolve, decide, after consultation or deliberation. Obs.
c1000ælfric Hom. I. 162 Ðæt folc rædde be him, þæt hi woldon hine..ahebban to cyninge. c1205Lay. 25002 Nu ȝe habbeoð iherd..what Romanisce men redeð heom bi-twenen. Ibid. 26221 [They] radden heom bitwenen enne castel to areren. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2861 He redden samen he sulden gon wid wise men to pharaon. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 4060 Þei ech of vs sete al day þe best red to rede [etc.]. 1559Mirr. Mag., Mowbray's Banishment xxi, The king through counsayle of the Lordes thought good To banysh bothe, whiche iudgement strayt was rad.
III. 6. trans. To advise or counsel (a person). With various constructions: †a. Simple (dative or) accusative. Also const. of. Obs.
a900Cynewulf Elene 1023 (Gr.) On þam stedewange ȝirwan Godes tempel, swa hire gasta weard reord of roderum. c1175Lamb. Hom. 115 Wise men him scule readan. c1205Lay. 7427 He wes cniht swiðe ræh to ræden ane kinge. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 7422 An stounde he gan abide & is kniȝtes rede. c1350Will. Palerne 1301 Riȝt as william wold þat wisly him radde. a1400–50Alexander 5194 Latt se þi witt in þis werke & wysely me rede. a1450Myrc 7 Whenne þey scholde þe pepul rede In to synne þey do hem lede. a1586Sidney Arcadia (1622) 224 Thou heardst euen now a young man sneb me sore, Because I red him, as I would my sonne. 1615R. Brathwait Strappado (1878) 133 Be stately Billy (and I doe thee rede).
refl.c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 2217 Ariadne, I can mine selue In this case nat rede.
†b. Double accusative (or acc. and dat.); sometimes with cognate object. Obs.
c1205Lay. 11403 Þe king heom hauede [it] isæid, & bæd heom ræden him ræd. Ibid. 24783 Wha hit þe durre ræden þat þu swa reh ært iwurðen. a1330Otuel 326 Cristers cors vppon his heued, Þat me radde such a red. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 283 To wite what ȝe me rede, I set þis parlement. a1400–50Alexander 244 A riall roune þou me redis, a reson of blis. c1450Merlin 80 He shall not rede yow no-thynge but for youre profite.
†c. Accusative (or dative) with objective clause, introduced by that, what, where, etc. Obs.
c1200Ormin 18336 Forrþi ræde icc ȝuu..Þatt ȝure nan ne dwelle nohht. c1205Lay. 6681 Heo him redden wher his lich mihte bezst leggen. a1330Cursor M. 3450 At pray to godd ai was sco prest To rede hir quat þat hir was best. 1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 3502 Þarfor I rede ilk man,..Þat he use þa ten thinges sere. a1400–50Alexander 2464, I anely ȝow rede, Þat þe end of ȝoure eldirs enterely ȝe be-hald.
d. Accusative and infinitive with to.
a1225Juliana 40 Ich redde nerrun..to bihefden pawel ant don peter on rode. c1290Beket 916 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 132 To queme þe kinge we redez þe, hov-so it euere gon. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. iv. 97 Þenne summe Radde Reson to haue reuþe of þat schrewe. c1450Merlin 25, I rede you to fle out of the londe for drede of the kynges peple. 1530Tindale Pract. Prelates Wks. (1573) 376/1, I rede them to break their bondes, and to follow right by the playne and open way. a1592Greene Jas. IV, i. iii, I rid thee to view the picture still. 1786Har'st Rig xxiii, The next rig redds them to take care To cut their fur. 1876Farrar Marlb. Serm. iv. 36 If any one of you is in the habit of using oaths, I rede his sleeping conscience to beware of their guilt and folly.
e. Acc. and inf. without to, in later use (with thee or you as object) passing into next.
c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 386/338 Þe Quiene..radde hire to hire louerd go. c1300Harrow. Hell 64 Ich him rede speke na more. c1386Chaucer Doctor's T. 285 Ther⁓fore I rede yow this conseil take. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 14 Y rede you be curteys and humble to gret and smale. 1500–20Dunbar Poems li. 22 Madame, I red ȝou get a less ane. 1598R. Bernard tr. Terence, Eunuch ii. ii, In troth I read you stay. 1786Har'st Rig ci, The master..redds them mind their wark indeed. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xxxii, I redd thee keep hand off her. 1870Morris Earthly Par. I. i. 248 Therefore, my son, I rede thee stay at home.
f. Accusative, with imperative clause (following or preceding).
a1300Cursor M. 783 Of it ȝee ette, sua red i ȝow. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. i. 173 For-þi I rede ȝow riche, haueth reuthe of þe pouere. c1425Seven Sag. (P.) 1163 Let hym lyve, I wylle the rede. 1470–85Malory Arthur x. xxii, Beware, I rede the, of treason. a1601North Plutarch (N.), Dispatch, I read you, for your enterprize is betrayed. 1785Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook ix, I red ye weel, tak care o' skaith. 1853Reade Chr. Johnstone 210 Put them off your hands, I rede ye.
†g. With acc. and to prep. Obs. rare.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 2758 Min enchantors quaþ þe king me abbeþ þer to yrad. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 103 ‘Ȝus, rediliche’, quod Repentaunce and Radde him to goode. c1400Destr. Troy 5129 And rede hym to redurs, þat rixles to shame!
†7. To advise (a thing); to give as advice or counsel. Obs.
c1205Lay. 875 Ȝif ȝe hit rædeð ȝe beod mine riche men. c1230Hali Meid. 26 Oþer is þet godd hat, & oþer is þet he reat [v.r. reades]. c1300Cursor M. 8352 O mi kingrike quat redes þou? 13..E.E. Allit. P. C. 406 [They] parformed alle þe penaunce þat þe prynce radde. 1390Gower Conf. I. 44 This wolde I rede, That every man ensample take [etc.]. c1450Merlin 81 The kynge..toke Vlfin in counseile and asked hym what he redde in this mater. c1560A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) xxxiv. 5 Thairfoir I reid remeid, To leife and lat it be. a1650Robin Hood's Death 5 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 52 ‘That I reade not’ said will Scarllett.
†b. With clause as object. Obs.
c1205Lay. 414 Assaracus hit redde..þat þat Troynisce folc..makeden hine to duke. a1300Cursor M. 13467 Hu redes þou we wit þam dele? c1320Sir Tristr. 984 Tristrem seyd:—‘y rede Þat he þe barnes mis’. 1375Barbour Bruce vii. 534 Tharfor I rede, all preualy We send a voman hym to spy. c1450Merlin 115, I rede that thou go and serue hym. 1526Skelton Magnyf. 1011 Pease, man, pease! I rede, we sease. 1591Spenser M. Hubberd 114 Now read..What course ye weene is best for us to take.
†c. With infinitive as object. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 19358 Þai..badd þam fle als þai wald ded, To neuen iesus namar þai red. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 1199 Wheþer þey redden hym for to slo, Oþer quytly let hym go. a1400–50Alexander 2601 ‘Þare I rede’, quod þe kyng, ‘our bakis neuir to turne’. c1450Merlin 91 [The king] asked theire counseile. And the barons redden to be avenged vpon hem.
†8. intr. To give advice. Obs.
a1000Byrhtnoth 18 (Gr.) Byrhtnoð..rad and rædde, rincum tæhte, hu hi sceoldon standan. c1290Beket 865 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 131 Þe bischop Robert of lincolne radde wel þare-to. 1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 1677 Bodily ded, Ogayns þe whilk no man may help ne red. c1425Seven Sag. (P.) 1253 Forsoth I can no rede nowe: Leve fadir, how reddyst thow? c1450Merlin 80 Than seide the kynge to Merlyn, ‘And how rede ye of this thinge?’ 1591Greene Maiden's Dreame xvi, For wars or peace right wisely could he rede.
†b. Used at the end of a sentence, or parenthetically. Obs.
c1230Hali Meid. 26 Hwa se hit mei underneomen, underneome, ich reade. c1320R. Brunne Medit. 177 By þese vertues folue hym, y rede. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xi. 378 ‘For-þi I rede’, quod reson, ‘rewle þi tonge bettere’. c1460Towneley Myst. xiii. 467 Go we theder, I rede, and ryn on oure feete. 1513Douglas æneis xi. vi. 167 Be war with thame for till debait, I reid. c1530H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. (1868) 81 Or thou be olde, beware, I rid, least thou doe get a fall. 1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 38 His counsell take, I reede, and then [etc.].
†c. In clauses introduced by as or so. Obs.
c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 44/335 Þov ne miȝht me neuere paye wel bote þov do ase ich rede. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VI. 339 Þe Norþhombres hadde i-doo awey here kyng Osbrucus, as þe devel hem radde. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xx. 106 ‘He seide soth’, quaþ þe samaritan, ‘and so ich rede þe also’. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy iv. xxxiv, It shall not be As Anthenor hath rade in no degree.
†9. trans. To teach or give (one) a knowledge of (something). Obs. rare—1.
13..Guy Warw. (A.) 170 Gii a forster fader hadde Þat him lerd & him radde Of wodes & riuer & oþer game.
10. Sc. To think, imagine, guess. = read v. 1.
1768[see read v. 1 a]. 1790Shirrefs Poems 86 He's ane, I red, that ye can eithly spare. 1806Jamieson Pop. Ballads I. 237 And this black hour be past, I rede ye'll rue it sair.
11. To interpret, explain. = read v. 2.
1725Ramsay Gentle Sheph. iii. ii, Nor come I to redd fortunes for reward. 1728― Robt., Richy & Sandy 34 Ah! now my dream its red. a1810Tannahill Poems (1846) 19 O, dool and wae, my dream's been rede right soon! 1831Carlyle Sart. Res. i. viii, The secret of Man's being is still..a riddle that he cannot rede. 1837― Fr. Rev. v. iii. (1872) III. 185 Rede us this riddle, O Collot!
12. To relate, tell. = read v. 14.
1840Barham Ingol. Leg. Ser. i. Witches' Frolic i, I'll rede ye a lay of Grammerye. Ibid., Lay St. Nicholas xli, Now rede me aright the most wonderful sight, Thou Palmer gray, that thine eyes have seen.
▪ V. rede, v.2 Obs. exc. dial.|riːd|
Forms: 1 (ȝe)-rǽdan, redan, 4, 6, 9 rede, 6 Sc. reyd, 8–9 reed, 9 read.
[OE. rǽdan (rare) = MDu. and MLG. rêden, reiden (Du. reeden) to make ready, set in order, etc. (hence Da. rede, Sw. reda). OE. had also ᵹerǽdan (rare) = MDu. gherêden, ON. greiða to graith. The base is that of the adj. ready.]
1. trans. To put in order; to comb (the hair); to clear (a way); to clean up or out; etc. (see redd v.2).
[a900tr. Bæda's Hist. iii. vii. [ix.] (1890) 180 Heo þwoh & hyre feax ᵹerædde. ]944in Earle Land Charters, etc. 179 On fealuwes lea þær ælfric biscep redan het to þære ealdan dic. c1330Arth. & Merl. 7896 (Kölbing) Þai..large roume about hem redde. c1440York Myst. xii. 124 He saide, ‘sonne I sall sende by-fore Myne Aungell to rede þe thy way’. 1470Extr. Aberdeen Reg. (1844) I. 30 To devoyde and rede a certaine lande and Tenement..to oure louyt Agnes Lilburne. 1507Ibid. 76 Evere fyrhouse..sale furnis and sende ane sufficient work seruand..to help to rede the common loche. 1513Douglas æneis vii. xii. 86 Buskis wythdrawis..To reyd thair renk, and rovmis thaim the way. 1791Cottingham Incl. Act 28 Ditches to be well and effectually reeded, scoured and cleansed. 1822Ainslie Land of Burns 271 I'll rede room for thee, Jock. 1876Whitby Gloss. s.v., Rede thy hair menseful.
†b. absol. (also with dat.) To clear a way (for oneself). Obs. rare.
c1330Arth. & Merl. 3334 (Kölbing) Þo he was opon his stede, Wiþ swerd he gan about rede. Ibid. 8277 Ich [= each] dede his launce go..& redden hem wiþ miȝt fin.
2. spec. (See quots.)
1825Jennings Obs. Dial. W. Eng., Read, to strip the fat from the intestines. 1878Cumbld. Gloss. s.v. Reed, Butchers reed the entrails of slaughtered animals to obtain the fat.
Hence ˈreding vbl. n., in reding-comb.
1894Hall Caine Manxman iii. xii. 170 Take the redyng comb and lash your hair out, it's all through-others.
▪ VI. rede
var. obs. Sc. reid.
▪ VII. rede
var. rad a.2 Obs., obs. f. read n.1 and v., red a., reed n. |