| 释义 |
extractive, a. and n.|ɛkˈstræktɪv|
[f. L. type extractīv-us, f. extrahĕre (see extract v.). Cf. F. extractif, -ive.]
A. adj.
†1. Tending to draw out; esp. of a plaster or drug having the power of drawing out (anything noxious). Const. of. Obs.
1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 363/2 Then make an extractive Playster spreade with Copperrooste. 1601Holland Pliny II. 191 The common and ordinary Reeds haue an extractiue or drawing faculty. 1750Leonardus' Mirr. Stones 23 Of which instruments, the one is hot, digestive, and extractive or drying of the humid.
2. Concerned with extraction; tending to extract or remove resources or products; spec. extractive industry, an industry concerned with obtaining natural products, esp. non-replaceable raw materials such as coal, metallic ore, etc.
1848Mill Pol. Econ. i. ii. §3 Labour employed in producing materials, on which industry is to be afterwards employed..is, in many cases, a labour of mere appropriation; extractive industry, as it has been aptly termed by M. Dunoyer. 1888Scot. Leader 9 Apr. 5 Land used for the purposes of extractive industry. 1890Harper's Mag. Nov. 921/1 They too abound..in what the French call the extractive industries. 1907H. W. Macrosty Trust Movement iv. 106 The extractive industries dealing with stone and similar products. 1942Rep. Comm. Land Utilization ix. 61 in Parl. Papers 1941–42 (Cmd. 6378) IV. 421 Extractive Industries. These comprise all the mining and quarrying industries. 1962Listener 1 Feb. 205/2 The interest the West has shown towards Latin America has been a commercial, essentially an extractive, interest.
3. Capable of being extracted; of the nature of an extract. Cf. extract n. 2. extractive principle: see quot. 1875.
1789J. Keir Dict. Chem. 27/1 Distillation frees the acid from much of this extractive substance. 1796Kirwan Manures (1802) 53 He found 1 lb. of it [a soil] to contain from 20 to 30 grains of extractive matter. 1816Accum Chem. Tests (1818) 186 Separating the extractive acid, and colouring matter from wine. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts II. 323 Fourcroy..supposed that they [extracts] had all a common basis; which he called the extractive principle.
B. n.
1. An extractive substance: see A. 3.
1844–57G. Bird Urin. Deposits (ed. 5) 117 The physiological origin of sulphur extractive. 1847Todd Cycl. Anat. III. 483 The separation [of the viscous liquor] into..albumen, aqueous extractive, and alcoholic extractive. 1854Bushnan in Circ. Sc. (c 1865) II. 21/1 It is..nothing more than a species of animal extractive. 1884Health Exhib. Catal. 19/1 A food..containing, in addition to other meat extractives, the whole of the soluble albumen of the meat.
2. ‘The brown insoluble mass of doubtful composition, left after the preparation of vegetable extracts’ (Wagstaffe).
1807T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 367 The solution..approached nearer to the vegetable matter called extractive than tannin. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 637 The substances held in solution are chiefly sugar, syrup, gluten, gum, and extractive. 1860All Y. Round No. 45. 442 There are in a hundred parts of wheaten flour about seventy-two of starch and extractive. |