| 释义 |
▪ I. † enˈvenom, n. Obs.
In 4 envenyme.
[f. next vb.]
That which envenoms; a poison.
1377Langland P. Pl. B. ii. 14 Orientales and ewages enuenymes to destroye.
▪ II. envenom, v.|ɛnˈvɛnəm|
Forms: α. 4–6 envenim, -ym(e, 4–5 envenem(e, -om, 4 envinim, 5 envemyn, (envemon), 7 envenome, 6– envenom. β. 6 inveneme, (invennom), 7 invenim, -ome, 7–8 invenom. See also anvenom.
[ME. envenime-n, ad. OFr. envenimer, f. en (see en-1) + OFr. venim (mod. venin) venom:—L. venēn-um poison.]
†1. trans. To venom (a person, an animal); to poison by contact, bite, inoculation, etc. Also absol.
c1300K. Alis. 5611 Addres, guiures [printed quinres], and dragouns Wolden this folk mychel and lyte, Envenymen and abite. 1340Ayenb. 26 Þe eddre þet al enuenymeþ. c1400Mandeville v. (1839) 54 The serpentes byten hem & envenyme hem. c1450Lonelich Grail lii. 240 Thanne sawh he wel that envemyned he was. 1535More On the Passion Wks. 1274/1 Being..so sore envenomed with so mani poison spottes. 1665–6Phil. Trans. I. 391 A Toad may envenome outwardly. 1665Flagellum; or O. Cromwell (1672) Pref., That poyson of Asps under his lips which..will envenome even those of the Species that come near it. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Vives, Do not touch them with your Fingers, for it will invenom them.
fig.c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 272 Weiward disciplis, þat envenymyn and distroien holy Chirche. c1386Chaucer Wife's Prol. 474 But age, allas! that al wol envenyme. 1612W. Parkes Curtaine Dr. (1876) 6 He in-venomes all the eares that heare him.
2. To put venom or poison on (a weapon, etc.); to taint (the air, ground, etc.) with poison; to render noxious or poisonous. Cf. envenomed ppl. a.
c1325Coer de L. 4349 Envenymyd ther takyl was. 1393Gower Conf. I. 234 An arwe..Whiche he to-fore had envenimed. c1450Lonelich Grail l. 603 A knyf..the wheche envemyned was. c1500Melusine 161 The king was wounded with a dart enuenymed by the sawdans hand. 1555Eden Decades W. Ind. iii. ix. (Arb.) 177 The women..vse to inueneme their arrowes. 1602Shakes. Ham. v. ii. 332 The point envenom'd too, Then venome to thy worke. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farm 291 The Caper-tree inueniming the whole ground, and making of it barren. 1675Traherne Chr. Ethics xxvi. 405 Because the colours are envenomed wherewith he painteth his face. 1871G. H. Napheys Prev. & Cure Dis. i. ii. 73 Plants which thus envenom the sweet.
b. To infuse venom or bitterness into (actions, relations, etc.); to impart bitterness to (the feelings or words of a person); to embitter, make virulent.
1533Bellenden Livy v. (1822) 395 Knaw ye nocht how thir wageis war invennomit be poisoun of inemyis. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 634 Their wordes were swete as sugar, and their thoughtes were all envenomed. 1658Lady's Call. ii. §3. 87 It rather envenoms the crime and adds unnaturalness to deceit. 1859Mill Liberty iv. 152 Nothing in the..practice of Christians does more to envenom the hatred of Mahommedans. 1866Felton Anc. & Mod. Gr. II. viii. 424 The complicated passions that envenomed the strife.
3. fig. To impregnate with moral ‘venom’; to corrupt, vitiate.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iv. iii. 120 Þe vtteriste wikkednesse..infectiþ and enuenemyþ hem gretely. c1400Rom. Rose 7474 For men may finde alway sopheme The consequence to enveneme. c1440Gesta Rom. ii. 7 Þe devill had envenemyd all mankynd. 1641Milton Ch. Discip. i. (1851) 19 A universall tetter of impurity had invenom'd every part. 1705Stanhope Paraphr. III. 433 We will hope..that no Minds so invenom'd can be found. 1883I. Taylor Fanat. iv. 71 The imagination..envenomed by hatred. |