| 释义 |
secularization|ˌsɛkjʊləraɪˈzeɪʃən|
[f. secularize v. + -ation. Cf. F. sécularisation (16–17 c. in Hatz.-Darm.).]
1. The conversion of an ecclesiastical or religious institution or its property to secular possession and use; the conversion of an ecclesiastical state or sovereignty to a lay one; an instance of this.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Secularization, The Act of Secularizing. 1742Richardson Pamela III. 273 A Bill for restoring to it all that it had lost by Impropriations and other Secularizations. 1845Lingard Anglo-Sax. Ch. II. xiv. 343 Till its [sc. the abbey of Fulda's] late secularization, its superior was a prince of the empire. 1864Realm 20 Apr. 4 He..wished to accompany the restoration of the Pope by a number of reasonable reforms,..namely,..the secularisation of the administration [etc.]. 1875Gladstone Glean. VI. xv. 204 The secularisation of the property of the Religious Orders has been..a more or less rude..operation. 1888Burgon 12 Gd. Men I. iv. 428 He resented the secularization of revenues set apart for a..sacred purpose.
b. transf.
1822Lamb Elia Ser. i. Some Old Actors, But we find him [sc. a chorister], after the probation of a twelvemonth or so, reverting to a secular condition, and become one of us... The first fruits of his secularization was an engagement upon the boards of Old Drury.
2. The giving of a secular or non-sacred character or direction to (art, studies, etc.); the placing (of morals) on a secular basis; the restricting (of education) to secular subjects.
1863E. A. Bond in Fine Arts Quarterly I. 87 With this secularization of the art, painting rapidly threw off the conventionalism of the cloister. 1865Lecky Ration. (1878) I. 57 It..thus prepared the way for that general secularisation of the European intellect. 1875T. Hill True Order Stud. 143 Persons who demand the entire secularization of the schools. 1879H. Spencer Data of Ethics Pref. 4 Now that moral injunctions are losing the authority given by their supposed sacred origin, the secularization of morals is becoming imperative.
3. The alteration of the status of an ecclesiastic from regular to secular.
1882–3Schaff's Encycl. Relig. Knowl. 2146 Secularization means..the legal absolution from ecclesiastical vows. |