| 释义 |
substract, v. Now illiterate.|səbˈstrækt|
[f. med.L. substract-, pa. ppl. stem of substrahĕre, alteration of subtrahĕre to subtract after abstrahĕre to abstract. Cf. OF., Pr. sostraire, substraire, Sp. su(b)straer.]
= subtract v.
†1. trans. To withdraw, withhold (a thing) from a person, etc. Obs.
1604R. Cawdrey Table Alph. (1613), Substract, take from, withdrawe. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 80 Other put their Neckes into engins, and tame them by substracting their meate. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. iii. (1739) 18 Where they shall know of the things belonging to the Crown,..to be concealed, intruded upon, or substracted. 1667Decay Chr. Piety viii. §5. 266 This..substracts that spirit and vigour, which should carry us through the weary stages of duty. 1681J. Scott Chr. Life i. iv. §5 (1683) 351 Whatso⁓ever Time and Attendance we bestow upon one thing, we must necessarily substract from another. 1710Prideaux Orig. Tithes i. 16 God charged the Jews with the Sin of Substracting these Tithes.
†b. refl. To withdraw oneself, retire from. Obs.
1550–60Bellenden Livy i. (S.T.S.) I. 8, I will Desyre na thing erar..than to substract me fra þe sicht of sik miseriis.
2. trans. To take (one number or quantity) from, † out of another, as a mathematical process.
1588A. King tr. Canisius' Catech. h j, Swa yat ye anticipation being substractit, ye said æquinoxe micht be restoreit to ye 21 day of marche as it was before. 1647Lilly Chr. Astrol. iv. 41 Added together, they make 43h 03m, from which in regard they are more then 24 hours, I substract 24. 1656H. Phillips Purch. Patt. (1676) 83 You must substract the latter time out of the former time. 1660Barrow Euclid v. xix. Coroll., If like proportionals be substracted from like proportionals. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Nature, This Motion..if the Body were in Motion before, is either to be added to it, as if the Motions conspire, or substracted from it, as where contrary. 1800Phil. Trans. XC. 624, 3{pp}, 25, which, substracted from 110° 30′ 13{pp}, 25, leaves 110° 30′ 10{pp}. 1840Lardner Geom. 108 If from the square of the side opposite the right angle, the square of the given side be substracted, the remainder will be the square of the third side.
absol.1626J. Yates Ibis ad Cæsarem ii. 156 Thereby declaring your selfe to be an exquisite Arithmetician, who can adde and substract at pleasure.
3. transf. and gen. To take away, deduct.
1613Hoby Counter-snarle 25 My course hath euer beene..to substract many ounces, from that ordinary opinion, which men of his profession doe..intertaine. 1641Earl of Monmouth tr. Biondi's Civil Wars iv. 23 Those must likewise bee substracted from the English, who were left to guard Jury. 1667Decay Chr. Piety Pref. A 5 What vanity..have we substracted, upon the sense of Gods anger? 1744Harris Three Treat. ii. i. (1765) 57 There must be substracted from these [sc. media of visible objects] the Medium of Motion. 1755G. Lavington Moravians Compared 157 What are not found in their proper Places, these he substracted with equal Audaciousness. 1810Bentham Packing (1821) 262 When all lawyers and all non-lawyers are substracted, how many have you left?
absol.1656Heylin Extraneus Vapulans 300 Our Authors false Arithmetique in Substracting from his own errours, and multiplying the suposed mistakes of the Observator. 1794R. J. Sulivan View Nat. I. 467 By evaporating, by cooling, or by substracting from the fluid. 1804Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1835) III. 15 A..resistance to every thing like an abuse in the service which can tend to substract from the efficiency of the corps in the field. 1816Bentham Chrestom. App., Wks. 1843 VIII. 188 So far from adding to, it will substract from, the quantity of labour necessary.
†4. To belittle, disparage. (? A blunder. Cf. substractor.) Obs.
1728North Mem. Music (1846) 114 Every one..spightfull to each other, and out of emulation substracting their skill in performing.
Hence subˈstracting vbl. n.
1628T. Spencer Logick 18 The substracting of something inioyed, or the receiving of something that is added. 1667Decay Chr. Piety 50 In artificial Movements, there is such a dependance of one part upon another, that the substracting of any one destroys the whole frame. |