| 释义 |
▪ I. † diˈscourage, n. Obs.
[f. dis- 9 + courage n.: or f. discourage v.]
Want or failure of courage; the state of discouragement.
c1500Three King's Sons 105 Their enemyes were in suche discorage that thei durst not wele be seen at no scarmyssh. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Matt. v. (R.), Many..be brought in discourage of themselves, by the reason of pouertie..or by aduersitie. 1586Bright Melanch. xxxiii. 184 They are faint-hearted, and full of discourage. 1611Speed Theat. Gt. Brit. ix. (1614) 17/1 Causing their king Canute with discourage to retire.
▪ II. discourage, v.|dɪˈskʌrɪdʒ|
Also 5–6 dis-, dyscorage (6 dischorage).
[ad. OF. descoragier, later descourager, mod.F. décourager; f. des-, dis- 4 + corage, courage n.]
1. trans. To deprive of courage, confidence, or moral energy; to lessen the courage of; to dishearten, dispirit. The opposite of encourage.
1481Caxton Godfrey cxxxii. 196 How therle of chartres discoraged themperour of Constantinople that he shold not goo and socoure our peple. 1535Coverdale Jer. xxxviii. 4 Thus he discorageth the hondes of the soudyers yt be in this cite, and the hondes of all the people. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. 2 His Royall heart was not daunted or discouraged. 1684Bunyan Pilgr. ii. 21, I think no Slow of Despond would discourage me. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 253 He would be very far from discouraging me. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 232 No trick, no lie, which was thought likely to discourage the starving garrison was spared.
absol.1789A. Seward Lett. (1811) II. 226 Difficulty rather stimulates than discourages.
b. with complement: To deter (by discouragement) † to do something (obs.); from († for) an act.
1529More Suppl. Soulys Wks. 337/1 Not for yt we wold discorage you to dispose well your goodes when ye dye. 1529Supplic. to King (E.E.T.S.) 36 This they doo to dyscorage all men from the studye of Gods Worde. 1598R. Bernard tr. Terence (1607) 337 The poet..was nowe almost discouraged for taking any more paines. a1682Sir T. Browne Tracts (1684) 191 It discouraged from all Navigation about it. a1698Temple (J.), Unless you..discourage them to stay with you by using them ill. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. i. 89 The Seamen are discouraged from fishing for them by the King. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters II. 3 We shall be discouraged from the laborious..task.
†c. transf. and fig. Obs.
a1529Skelton Replyc. 355 For to disparage And to discorage The fame matryculate Of poetes laureate. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. ii. (1586) 87 You shall sometime have one branch more gallant then his fellowes, which if you cutte not away, you discourage all the rest. 1657in Burton's Diary (1828) II. 150 Though the face of public worship of late be discouraged.
2. transf. To lessen or repress courage for (an action or project); to discountenance, express disapproval of, ‘throw cold water on’.
1641Wilkins Math. Magick ii. xv. (1648) 292, I would be loath to discourage the enquiry of any ingenuous artificer. a1649Eikon Bas. xii. (1824) 106, I might neither Incourage the rebels insolence, nor discourage the Protestants loyalty and patience. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. i. 85 Thro their oppression..trading is discouraged. 1735Berkeley Querist §42 Idleness should of all things be discouraged. 1809Syd. Smith Wks. (1867) I. 173 A set of lectures upon political economy would be discouraged in Oxford. 1872Yeats Growth Comm. 56 Laws were made to discourage usury.
†3. intr. (for refl.) To lose courage or confidence. Obs.
1553Bale Vocacyon in Harl. Misc. (1808–12) VI. 464 (D.) Because that poore Churche shulde not utterly discourage, in her extreme adversitees. 1574Hellowes Gueuara's Fam. Ep. (1577) 33 Scipio considering the Numantines to increase in pride, and the Romanes to discourage. |