| 释义 |
▪ I. † raphe1 Obs. rare.
[ad. L. raphanus: see prec. Cf. obs. F. raphe (Cotgr.).]
The radish.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. ii. 204 The raphe is roote, al other in letuce Vpgooth. Ibid. 212 The raphe outake, and lappe hit faire in donge.
▪ II. ‖ raphe2|ˈreɪfiː|
Also 8 rapha, 8–9 rhaphe, 20 raphé. Pl. raphæ.
[mod.L., a. Gr. ῥαϕή seam, suture (of the skull, a wound, etc.).]
1. Anat. A line of union between the two halves of an organ or part of the body, having the appearance of a seam. Also, a median plane between two halves of a part of the brain, esp. that of the medulla oblongata and that of the tegmentum of the mid-brain.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Rapha, in anatomy, the ridge or line which..divides the scrotum and perinæum in two. 1758J. S. Le Dran's Observ. Surg. (1771) 257 An Abscess was formed in the Scrotum, on the right Side near the Rhaphe. 1811J. Bell Anat. Human Body (ed. 3) II. 410 Betwixt these salient lines there is..a kind of rut, called sometimes the rapha, or suture,..which..forms the accurate division of the two sides of the whole brain. 1830R. Knox Béclard's Anat. 43 This line even appears defined in some places, where it forms what are called raphæ or seams. 1858Gray Anat. 462 Along the middle line [of the corpus callosum] is a linear depression, the raphe. 1882Quain's Elements Anat. (ed. 9) II. 297 Traced backwards into the raphe, the deep arcuate fibres appear to cross obliquely to the other side of the medulla. 1884Mackenzie Dis. Throat & Nose II. 476 Along the middle line of the nose there was a raphe projecting to the extent of about one millimetre. 1890A. Hill tr. Obersteiner's Anat. Central Nervous Organs 215 All the way up to the third ventricle the median plane of the brain-stem is occupied by fibres which cross one another at an acute angle, but the area in which this decussation occurs is reduced to a vertical plate, termed the raphe. 1939O. Larsell Textbk. Neuro-Anat. xvi. 191 Some of these masses of cells in the tegmentum are sufficiently distinct to have individual names, but little is known of their individual functions. The most important are the..tegmental nuclei, the reticulotegmental nucleus, the superior central nucleus, and the dorsal nucleus of the raphé. 1971Nature 23 Apr. 532/2 Adult rats of both sexes..were anaesthetized..and a bipolar steel stimulating electrode was placed stereotaxically in the caudal mid⁓brain raphé. 1976Smythies & Corbett Psychiatry xiv. 266 Lesions of the raphe nuclei of the lower brain stem cause a profound disturbance of sleep.
2. Bot.
a. In certain ovules, a cord connecting the hilum with the chalaza, and usually appearing as a ridge.
b. In the Umbelliferæ, the line of junction or suture between the carpels.
c. A median line or rib on the valves of diatoms.
1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 123 Raphe and chalaza usually very distinctly marked. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 105 Ovules..pendulous with a ventral raphe, or ascending with a dorsal one.
3. Ornith. The groove along the under-side of the rachis of a feather.
1859Todd Cycl. Anat. V. 480/1. |