| 释义 |
▪ I. dine, v.|daɪn|
[ME. dine-n, a. F. dîne-r, in OF. disner (digner, disgner) = Pr. disnar, (dirnar, dinar), It. disinare, desinare, med.L. disnare (from OF.). Generally held to be:—late L. type *disjūnare, for disjejūnāre to breakfast, f. dis- expressing undoing (dis- 4) + jejūnium fast; the intervening stages being disj'nar, disnar, disner.
In this view disner contains the same elements ultimately as F. déjeuner, OF. desjuner to breakfast, disjune, and owes its greater phonetic reduction (cf. aider:—L. adjūtāre) to its belonging to an earlier period. The shifting of meaning whereby disner ceased to be applied to the first meal of the day, while its form ceased to recall L. jejūnium or OF. jeüner, would facilitate the subsequent introduction of desjeüner with the required form and sense.]
1. a. intr. To eat the principal meal of the day, now usually taken at or after mid-day; to take dinner. Const. on or upon (what is eaten), off (a stock or supply).
1297R. Glouc. (1724) 558 [Hii] nolde þanne wende a vot, ar hii dinede þere. c1320Seuyn Sag. (W.) 3830 For my wil es with tham to dine. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. Prol. 105 Goode gees and grys, Gowe dyne, gowe! c1430Stans Puer 64 in Babees Bk. (1868) 31 And where-so-euere þou be to digne or to suppe, Of gentilnes take salt with þi knyf. 1526–34Tindale John xxi. 12 Jesus sayde vnto them: come and dyne [Wyclif, ete ȝe; Rev. Vers. break your fast]. a1533Ld. Berners Huon lxii. 217 They rose & herd masse, & dynid. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. ix. 35 His raw-bone cheekes..Were shronke into his iawes, as he did never dine. 1603Shakes. Meas. for M. iv. iii. 159, I am faine to dine and sup with water and bran. 1709Steele Tatler No. 104 ⁋1 Jenny sent me Word she would come and dine with me. 1782Cowper Gilpin 195 All the world would stare, If wife should dine at Edmonton, And I should dine at Ware. 1817Byron Beppo xliii, I also like to dine on becaficas. 1841–4Emerson Ess., Heroism Wks. (Bohn) I. 106 A great man scarcely knows how he dines [or] how he dresses. 1886Besant Childr. Gibeon i. x, Malenda dines off cold tea and bread.
b. Phrases. (a) to dine forth or dine out: to dine away from home (cf. diner 1 b, dining vbl. n. 1 b); to dine out on: to be given hospitality at dinner partly or chiefly for the sake of one's conversation or knowledge about (a specific incident or topic, etc.).
1590Shakes. Com. Err. ii. ii 211 If any aske you for your Master, Say he dines forth. 1816Jane Austen Emma II. vii. 120 They will not take the liberty with you; they know you do not dine out. 1835Dickens Let. (1965) I. 67, I have received an Invitation to dine out to day. 1852W. S. Landor Let. 11 Apr. in N. & Q. (1968) CCXIII. 414/1, I never dine out, or go into parties in the evening. 1923W. S. Maugham Our Betters iii. 170 Don't you remember that killing story about your father's death. You dined out a whole season on it. 1934N. Marsh Man lay Dead xv. 268 In a couple of years you will be dining out on this murder. 1936A. Christie Cards on Table vii. 66 If I were only to dine in houses where I thoroughly approved of my host I'm afraid I shouldn't dine out very much. 1951J. C. Fennessy Sonnet in Bottle vii. 245 He does a very good imitation of it—he's dined out on it ever since. 1966H. Yoxall Fashion of Life xi. 109, I dined out for the rest of this African journey on my acquaintance with the Princess's fiancé. 1970‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Cookie Bird v. 66 I've dined out on a few stories about her.
(b) to dine with Duke Humphrey: to go dinnerless.
Of this phrase the origin is not altogether clear. In the 17th c. it was associated with Old St. Paul's, London, and said of those who, while others were dining, passed their time walking in that place, or sitting in ‘the chair of Duke Humphrey’, or ‘at Duke Humphrey's table’. According to Stowe, the monument of Sir John Beauchamp there was ‘by ignorant people misnamed to be’ that of Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, son of Henry IV (who was really buried at St. Albans). Nares says an (adjacent) part of the church was termed Duke Humphrey's Walk. (A different origin is however given by Fuller.) The equivalent phrase in Edinburgh appears to have been ‘To dine with St. Giles and the Earl of Murray’ (who was interred in St. Giles's Church): see quot. 1680, and Irving Hist. Sc. Poetry 579.[1592G. Harvey Four Lett. (Nares s.v. Duke Humphrey), To seek his dinner in Poules with duke Humphrey. 1599Bp. Hall Sat. iii. vii. 6 Trow'st thou where he din'd to day? In sooth I saw him sit with Duke Humfray.] 1604Penniless Parl. Threadbare Poets (Farmer), Let me dine twice a week at Duke Humphry's table. [1633Rowley Match at Midn. ii. in Hazl. Dodsley XIII. 31 Are they none of Duke Humphreys furies? Do you think that they devised this plot in Paul's to get a dinner? 1639Mayne City Match iii. iii. Ibid. XIII. 264 Your penurious father, who was wont To walk his dinner out in Pauls..Yes, he was there As constant as Duke Humphrey.] 1655Fuller Hist. Camb. (1840) 225 Being..loath to pin himself on any table uninvited, he was fain to dine with the chair of duke Humphrey..namely, reading of books in a stationer's shop in Paul's churchyard. a1661― Worthies, London (198), After the death of Duke Humphrey (when many of his former alms-men were at a losse for a meal's meat,) this proverb did alter its copy; to dine with Duke Humphrey importing to be dinnerless. 1680F. Sempill Banishm. Poverty 87, I din'd with saints and noblemen, Even sweet St. Giles and the Earl of Murray. 1748Smollett Rod. Rand. lv. (Farmer), My mistress and her mother must have dined with Duke Humphrey, had I not exerted myself. 1835P. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 88, I was obliged to ‘dine with Duke Humphrey’, and content myself with a few buns. [1858Gen. P. Thompson Audi Alt. II. lxxviii. 33 To turn them all over to Duke Humphrey's mess.] †2. trans. To eat; to have for dinner. Obs.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 1277 Ȝyf ous sum what to dyne. c1386Chaucer Sompn. T. 129 ‘Now, maister, quod the wyf, ‘What wil ye dine?’ 1470–85Malory Arthur xvi. viii, She prayd hym to take a lytyl morsel to dyne.
3. To furnish or provide (a person) with a dinner; to entertain at dinner; to accommodate for dining purposes.
1399Langl. Rich. Redeles iii. 60 The dewe dame dineth hem..And ffostrith hem fforthe till they ffle kunne. 1633Rowley Match at Midn. ii. i. in Hazl. Dodsley XIII. 28 As much bread..as would dine a sparrow. a1714M. Henry Wks. (1835) II. 674 He often dined the minister that preached. 1815Scott Guy M. xxvi, An oaken table massive enough to have dined Johnnie Armstrong and his merry men. 1840Lever H. Lorrequer i, We..were dined by the citizens of Cork. 1876G. Meredith Beauch. Career II. xi. 197 The way to manage your Englishman..is to dine him. 1887Illustr. Lond. News 4 June 644 The saloon is capable of dining 118 passengers.
▪ II. dine, n. Obs. exc. dial.|daɪn|
[f. dine v.]
The act of dining; dinner.
c1400Rom. Rose 6502 They ben so pore..They myght not oonys yeve me a dyne. 1560Rolland Crt. Venus iv. 631 That thay to thair dine suld dres thame haistelie. 1793Burns Auld Lang Syne iii, We twa hae paidlet i' the burn, Frae mornin sun till dine. a1800Fair Annie & Sweet Willie xiii. in Child Ballads (1885) iii. lxxiii. 194/1 When ye come to Annie's bower, She will be at her dine. |