| 释义 |
diazo- Chem.|daɪˈæzəʊ|
[f. di-2 + azo-.]
A formative used in chemical nomenclature to denote the substituent {b2}N+{b2}N- (as in diazomethane, CH2N2) and also the group {b1}N{b2}N{b1} when one bond only is to a carbon atom of an organic group (as in benzenediazochloride, C6H5{b1}N{b2}N{b1}Cl). Also used attributively, as in diazo compounds, diazo derivatives, diazo reaction. † Formerly also used in naming compounds in which the group {b1}N{b2}N{b1} has both bonds attached to carbon atoms in organic groups (now replaced by azo-) and compounds containing the diazonium group, {b1}N + / 2 . (Diazo compound is also used loosely to denote azo and diazonium compounds as well as true diazo compounds.)
1859P. Griess in Proc. R. Soc. IX. 595 The new body, for which I propose the provisional name diazodinitrophenol, is soluble in alcohol and ether. 1873Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 797 Whereby they were converted into diazotoluenes. 1878Law Reports 29 Ch. Div. 367 Naphthylamine is converted into its diazo compound by the action of nitrous acid. 1880Friswell in Soc. Arts Jrnl. 446 The diazobenzene formed at once attacks the free aniline salt. 1880Athenæum 13 Nov. 645/2 Action of Diazonaphthalin on Salicylic Acid. 1890Lancet 23 Aug. 413/1 The so-called diazo reaction of urine..A bright or carmine red colouration denotes the diazo action. 1908J. C. Cain Chem. Diazo-Compounds xviii. 133 Hantzsch..adopted Blomstrand's formula for the diazo-salts. He preferred also to call these ‘diazonium’ salts. 1940S. Miall New Dict. Chem. 169/1 The diazonium salts are by far the most important diazo-compounds. 1951I. L. Finar Org. Chem. xxiv. 489 Diazo-compounds have the structure Ar{b1}N{b2}N{b1}Y... Azo-compounds, on the other hand, have the structure Ar{b1}N{b2}N{b1}Ar. 1951C. R. Noller Chem. Org. Compounds xiii. 258 Compounds containing the characteristic group >CN2 are known as aliphatic diazo compounds. 1959Chambers's Encycl. IV. 690/1 Azo dye synthesis depends on two reactions discovered by Griess (1858): first, diazo compound formation..; secondly, adding this diazo component to an aromatic amino or hydroxy compound, called the coupling component. 1965Nomencl. Org. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) C. 217 Compounds RN{b2}NX are named by adding, after the name of the parent compound RH, the syllables ‘diazo’ joined to the designation of the atom or group X.
Hence diˈazotype, a method of photographic copying or colouring, using paper or textile materials impregnated with a diazonium compound.
1890Photogr. News 28 Nov. 934/2 Feer's process is not a primuline process, although it is a diazotype process. 1891Art Jrnl. Feb. 54 The Diazotype process, a method of photographic dyeing and printing. 1967Times Rev. Industry May 117/1 (Advt.), Diazotype printing processes have endless permutations. |