| 释义 |
▪ I. stile, n.1|staɪl|
Forms: 1 stiᵹel, stiᵹol, stihl, stioᵹol, 4 stighele, 5 steyl(e, style, 6 steelle, stele, styile, -ill, styll, 7 steele, steill, stiele, 9 dial. steel(e, stele, 4– stile.
[OE. stiᵹel str. fem., corresponding to OHG. stigilla wk. fem. (MHG. stiegele), f. Teut. root *stī̆ᵹ- to climb: see sty v.]
1. An arrangement of steps, rungs, or the like, contrived to allow passage over or through a fence to one person at a time, while forming a barrier to the passage of sheep or cattle. Cf. turnstile.
church stile: the stile giving entrance to the churchyard. (Very frequently referred to in records, directions for funeral services, etc., from the 15th to the 17th c. See church n. 16 c, kirk n. 4.)
c779Grant by Offa in Birch Cartul. Sax. I. 326 Of þam seaðe in þa ealdan stihle. a900Wærferth Gregory's Dial. 24 Hi þa becomon to þære stiᵹole, þær se þeof oferstah in ðone wyrttun. 1304in Catal. Anc. Deeds (1894) II. 390 [Land called] Stothamstighele. c1386Chaucer Pard. T. 384 Right as they wolde han troden ouer a stile An oold man and a poure with hem mette. 1430–40Lydg. Bochas viii. Prol. (1558) 1 Halfe within and half ouer the stile. c1460Oseney Reg. 116 Sauyng to þe same Roger and to his heyres A pathe þorowgh þe middull of þe same close fro þe stile of þe forsaide church. 1470–85Malory Arthur i. iii–v. 41 So whan he cam to the chircheyard sir Arthur aliȝt & tayed his hors to the style. 1536MS. Acc. St. John's Hosp., Canterb., Payd..for makyng off a stele & a gate. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 105 Saue step for a stile, of the crotch of the bough. 1601Manch. Crt. Leet. Rec. (1885) II. 168 Robert Langley shall..sett two steeles..in the syde of Asheley ffields. 1654Lamont Diary (Maitl. Club) 77 Money for the poore, that day, was gathered at the church steill and church doore. 1661Reg. Gt. Seal Scot. 19/1 Going downe ane march balk betwixt Ernslaw and Swyntoun⁓mylne style till you come to the old trouch of Leit. 1726Swift Gulliver ii. i, There was a stile to pass from this field into the next. 1763Bickerstaff Love in Village i. ix, Scene ix. A field with a stile. 1827Hone's Every-day Bk. II. 905 Stiles and fieldpaths are vanishing everywhere. 1847James Convict iv, They soon reached the wall, over which they passed by a stone style. 1865Trollope Belton Est. iii. 37 Getting over stiles and through gates. 1898J. Paton Castlebraes 28, I..set my foot upon a style to step over into the public roadway.
b. In figurative phrases.
a1352Minot Poems i. 88 All þai stumbilde at þat stile. 1546J. Heywood Prov. i. xi. (1867) 32 To helpe a dogge ouer a style. Ibid. ii. ix. 80 Ye would be ouer the style, er ye come at it. 1574–5Abp. Parker Let. 18 Feb. in Strype Life (1711) App. 181 What is ment, but to goo over the Style, where it is lowest? 1598Florio Ital. Dict. Ep. Ded. 4 The retainer doth some seruice, that now and then..lendes a hande ouer a stile. 1639Du Verger tr. Camus' Admir. Events 112 He resolved to leape that stile, and take her to his wife. 1659in Burton's Diary (1828) IV. 316, I would have it understood whether we confirm it as a law, or help a lame dog over a stile. 1675Alsop Anti-Sozzo 302 He lifted him over the Style with this. 1692Christ Exalted 105 Now to help him over this stile, he troubles the Bishop. 1857Kingsley Two Y. Ago xxv, ‘I can..help a lame dog over a stile’ (which was Mark's phrase for doing a generous thing). 1884Manch. Exam. 20 May 5/1 It is a mere working arrangement; a lift over the stile at a crisis of some importance to the party.
2. attrib. and Comb., as stile-board, stile-post, stile-step, stile-way; stile-boot (see quot.).
1891Hardy Tess xii, The lichened *stile-boards.
1828Carr Craven Gloss., *Steel-boot, wood claimed of the Lord, by an owner of lands, within certain manors, for making a stile.
1750W. Ellis Mod. Husb. VI. i. 126 By spurring up a gate or *stile-post before they are quite damaged, he may [etc.].
1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 65 The stell is entered by *stile-steps over the wall.
1751R. Paltock Peter Wilkins I. xii. 108 Leaving only a Door-way on one Side, between two Stems of a Tree, which, dividing in the Trunk, at about two Feet from the Ground, grew from thence, for the rest of its Height, as if the Branches were a Couple of Trees a little distant from one another, which made a Sort of *Stile-way to my Room.
▪ II. stile, n.2 Carpentry.|staɪl|
Also 9 style.
[Of uncertain origin; perh. a. Du. stijl pillar, prop, door-post.]
Each of the vertical bars of a wainscot, sash, panel door, or other wooden framing.
1678Moxon Mech. Exerc. v. 83 You must leave some stuff to pare away smooth to the struck line, that the Stile (that is, the upright Quarter) may make a close Joynt with the Rail (that is the lower Quarter). 1710J. Harris Lex. Techn. II, Stiles, the upright pieces which go from the bottom to the top in any Wainscot, are by the Workmen called Stiles. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 290 When we look upon the wainscot of a room, where the panels are painted of a different colour from the stiles and mouldings. 1801Felton Carriages (ed. 2) II. 43 Two crests on the door-stiles 8s. 1825J. Nicholson Oper. Mech. 326 His turning machine..the legs or stiles L, the puppets A, B, the cheeks o, o. Ibid. 593 The face of the pulley-stile of every sash-frame ought to project about three-eighths of an inch beyond the edge of the brick-work. 1825Greenhouse Comp. I. 15 In the case of Grecian architecture, the mouldings of any of the orders are readily applied to the styles, rails and bars. 1844Civil Engin. & Arch. Jrnl. VII. 114/2 In constructing the walls of houses, in the first instance, ‘stiles’ or pieces of timber are inserted at convenient distances. 1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 715 In a rectangular frame..the tenons are commonly made on the shorter pieces, called the rails, and the mortises on the longer or the styles. 1869Blackmore Lorna D. xxxviii, Making spars to keep for thatching, wall-crooks to drive into the cob, stiles for close sheep-hurdles, and handles for rakes. 1881Young Ev. Man his own Mech. §709. 323 Nor should nails be driven into the styles of any door. 1883M. P. Bale Saw-mills 336 Stiles, part of a window sash.
▪ III. stile
see steel, style. |