单词	Carlism
释义	Carlism /ˈkɑːlɪz(ə)m / noun [mass noun] historical A Spanish conservative political movement originating in support of Don Carlos, brother of Fernando VII (died 1833), who claimed the throne in place of Fernando’s daughter Isabella. The movement supported the Catholic Church and opposed centralized government; it was revived in support of the Nationalist side during the Spanish Civil War.Carlism was a movement that arose in the 19th century in support of a pretender to the Spanish throne.... After it Carlism remained a political force, but the accession of King Juan Carlos in 1975 and the modernization of Spain rendered its traditionalist raison d’être an anachronistic survival with declining vitality. Two civil wars followed and over time Carlism became to be identified with a strong monarchy, centralised power and primacy of the Catholic church. Derivatives Carlist /ˈkɑːlɪst / adjective & noun ... When the Basques supported the Carlist rebellion of the 1870s, the Spanish government retaliated by abolishing the fueros. General Francisco Franco, dictator from 1939-1975, fused their party with the right-wing Catholic party, the Carlists, in 1937. When the last of the Carlists died in 1936, Isabella's grandson, Alfonso XIII, became heir to both lines, although by that time he had been living in exile since 1931.
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