floor

F0192000 (flôr)n.1. a. The surface of a room on which one stands.b. The lower or supporting surface of a structure.2. a. A story or level of a building.b. The occupants of such a story: The entire floor complained about the noise.3. a. A level surface or area used for a specified purpose: a dance floor; a threshing floor.b. Basketball The court viewed as the playing area for taking free throws, in contrast to the foul line: The forwards made only six shots from the floor.4. The surface of a structure on which vehicles travel.5. a. The part of a legislative chamber or meeting hall where members are seated and from which they speak.b. The right to address an assembly, as granted under parliamentary procedure.c. The body of assembly members: a motion from the floor.6. The part of a room or building where the principal business or work takes place, especially:a. The area of an exchange where securities are traded.b. The part of a retail store in which merchandise is displayed and sales are made.c. The area of a factory where the product is manufactured or assembled.7. The ground or lowermost surface, as of a forest or ocean.8. A lower limit or base: a pricing floor; a bidding floor.tr.v. floored, floor·ing, floors 1. To provide with a floor.2. Informal To press (the accelerator of a motor vehicle) to the floor.3. a. To knock down.b. To stun; overwhelm: The very idea floored me.

[Middle English flor, from Old English flōr; see pelə- in Indo-European roots.]

floor′er n.

floor

(flɔː) n1. (Building) Also called: flooring the inner lower surface of a room2. (Building) a storey of a building: the second floor. 3. (Civil Engineering) a flat bottom surface in or on any structure: the floor of a lift; a dance floor. 4. the bottom surface of a tunnel, cave, river, sea, etc5. (Mining & Quarrying) mining an underlying stratum6. (Nautical Terms) nautical the bottom, or the lowermost framing members at the bottom, of a vessel7. (Parliamentary Procedure) that part of a legislative hall in which debate and other business is conducted8. (Parliamentary Procedure) the right to speak in a legislative or deliberative body (esp in the phrases get, have, or be given the floor)9. (Stock Exchange) the room in a stock exchange where trading takes place10. the earth; ground11. (Commerce) a minimum price charged or paid: a wage floor. 12. (Dancing) take the floor to begin dancing on a dance floorvb13. (Building) to cover with or construct a floor14. (tr) to knock to the floor or ground15. (tr) informal to disconcert, confound, or defeat: to be floored by a problem. [Old English flōr; related to Old Norse flōrr, Middle Low German vlōr floor, Latin plānus level, Greek planan to cause to wander]

floor

(flɔr, floʊr)

n. 1. the part of a room that forms its lower enclosing surface and upon which one walks. 2. a continuous supporting surface extending horizontally throughout a building and constituting one level or stage in the structure; story. 3. a level supporting surface in any structure: the elevator floor. 4. one of two or more layers of material composing a floor. 5. a platform or prepared level area for a particular use: a threshing floor. 6. the bottom of any more or less hollow place: the floor of a tunnel. 7. a more or less flat extent of surface: the floor of the ocean. 8. the part of a legislative chamber, meeting room, etc., where the members sit, and from which they speak. 9. the right of one member to speak from such a place in preference to other members: The senator from Alaska has the floor. 10. the area of a stock or commodity exchange, retail store, etc., where buying and selling or other business is conducted. 11. a base or minimum level: The government established price and wage floors. v.t. 12. to cover or furnish with a floor. 13. to bring down to the floor or ground; knock down. 14. to overwhelm; defeat. 15. to surprise and confound; nonplus. 16. to push (the accelerator pedal) down to the floor of a vehicle, for maximum speed or power. Idioms: 1. mop or wipe the floor with, Informal. to overwhelm completely; defeat. 2. take the floor, to arise to address a meeting. [before 900; Middle English flor, Old English flōr; c. Middle Low German vlōr, Middle High German vluor, Old Norse flōr] floor′er, n. floor′less, adj.

floor

ground">ground1. 'floor'

The floor of a room is the flat part you walk on.

The book fell to the floor.

A floor of a building is all the rooms on a particular level.

I went up the stairs to the third floor.

You say that something is on a particular floor.

My office is on the second floor.

Be Careful!
Don't say that something is 'in' a particular floor.

See ground floor - first floor2. 'ground'

You don't normally refer to the surface of the earth as the 'floor'. You call it the ground.

He set down his backpack on the ground.The ground was very wet and muddy.

However, the surface of the earth in a forest is sometimes referred to as the forest floor, and the land under the sea is sometimes called the sea floor or the ocean floor.

The forest floor is not rich in vegetation.Some species are mainly found on the sea floor.

storey

floor1. 'storey'

You refer to the different levels in a building as its storeys or floors. If you are saying how many levels a building has, you usually use storeys.

They live in a house with four storeys.The school is a single-storey building.

'Storey' is spelled story in American English. The plural of story is stories.

The hospital is a six-story building.The hotel towers are each 30 stories high.2. 'floor'

If you are talking about a particular level in a building, you usually use floor, not 'storey'. Don't say that something is on a particular 'storey'. You say that it is on a particular floor.

My office is on the second floor.She rents a ground floor apartment.

floor

Past participle: floored
Gerund: flooring

Imperative
floor
floor

Present
I floor
you floor
he/she/it floors
we floor
you floor
they floor

Preterite
I floored
you floored
he/she/it floored
we floored
you floored
they floored

Present Continuous
I am flooring
you are flooring
he/she/it is flooring
we are flooring
you are flooring
they are flooring

Present Perfect
I have floored
you have floored
he/she/it has floored
we have floored
you have floored
they have floored

Past Continuous
I was flooring
you were flooring
he/she/it was flooring
we were flooring
you were flooring
they were flooring

Past Perfect
I had floored
you had floored
he/she/it had floored
we had floored
you had floored
they had floored

Future
I will floor
you will floor
he/she/it will floor
we will floor
you will floor
they will floor

Future Perfect
I will have floored
you will have floored
he/she/it will have floored
we will have floored
you will have floored
they will have floored

Future Continuous
I will be flooring
you will be flooring
he/she/it will be flooring
we will be flooring
you will be flooring
they will be flooring

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been flooring
you have been flooring
he/she/it has been flooring
we have been flooring
you have been flooring
they have been flooring

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been flooring
you will have been flooring
he/she/it will have been flooring
we will have been flooring
you will have been flooring
they will have been flooring

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been flooring
you had been flooring
he/she/it had been flooring
we had been flooring
you had been flooring
they had been flooring

Conditional
I would floor
you would floor
he/she/it would floor
we would floor
you would floor
they would floor

Past Conditional
I would have floored
you would have floored
he/she/it would have floored
we would have floored
you would have floored
they would have floored

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	floor - the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure); "they needed rugs to cover the bare floors"; "we spread our sleeping bags on the dry floor of the tent"flooringbell deck - a floor under the bells of an open belfrydance floor - a bare floor polished for dancingfloorboard - the floor of an automobilehall, hallway - an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open; "the elevators were at the end of the hall"horizontal surface, level - a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line; "park the car on the level"parquet, parquet floor - a floor made of parquetryroom - an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling; "the rooms were very small but they had a nice view"truck bed - the floor or bottom of a wagon or truck or trailer
	2.	floor - a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale; "what level is the office on?"storey, story, levelbasement, cellar - the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level; often used for storagebuilding, edifice - a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place; "there was a three-story building on the corner"; "it was an imposing edifice"first floor, ground floor, ground level - the floor of a building that is at or nearest to the level of the ground around the buildingattic, garret, loft - floor consisting of open space at the top of a house just below roof; often used for storageloft - floor consisting of a large unpartitioned space over a factory or warehouse or other commercial spaceentresol, mezzanine floor, mezzanine - intermediate floor just above the ground floorstructure, construction - a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts; "the structure consisted of a series of arches"; "she wore her hair in an amazing construction of whirls and ribbons"
	3.	floor - a lower limit; "the government established a wage floor"basecontrol - the economic policy of controlling or limiting or curbing prices or wages etc.; "they wanted to repeal all the legislation that imposed economic controls"price floor - floor below which prices are not allowed to fall; "the government used price supports to maintain the price floor"wage floor - floor below which wages are not allowed to fall
	4.	floor - the ground on which people and animals move about; "the fire spared the forest floor"dry land, ground, solid ground, terra firma, earth, land - the solid part of the earth's surface; "the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land"; "the earth shook for several minutes"; "he dropped the logs on the ground"
	5.	floor - the bottom surface of any lake or other body of waterlake - a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by landEarth's surface, surface - the outermost level of the land or sea; "earthquakes originate far below the surface"; "three quarters of the Earth's surface is covered by water"
	6.	floor - the lower inside surface of any hollow structure; "the floor of the pelvis"; "the floor of the cave"cave - a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the seaEarth's surface, surface - the outermost level of the land or sea; "earthquakes originate far below the surface"; "three quarters of the Earth's surface is covered by water"
	7.	floor - the occupants of a floor; "the whole floor complained about the lack of heat"assemblage, gathering - a group of persons together in one place
	8.	floor - the parliamentary right to address an assembly; "the chairman granted him the floor"right - an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature; "they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights"; "Certain rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in the hands of the people"- Eleanor Roosevelt; "a right is not something that somebody gives you; it is something that nobody can take away"
	9.	floor - the legislative hall where members debate and vote and conduct other business; "there was a motion from the floor"hall - a large room for gatherings or entertainment; "lecture hall"; "pool hall"
	10.	floor - a large room in a exchange where the trading is done; "he is a floor trader"trading floorexchange - a workplace for buying and selling; open only to membersroom - an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling; "the rooms were very small but they had a nice view"
Verb	1.	floor - surprise greatly; knock someone's socks off; "I was floored when I heard that I was promoted"ball over, blow out of the water, shock, take abacksurprise - cause to be surprised; "The news really surprised me"galvanise, galvanize, startle - to stimulate to action ; "..startled him awake"; "galvanized into action"
	2.	floor - knock down with force; "He decked his opponent"coldcock, knock down, deck, dumpbeat - hit repeatedly; "beat on the door"; "beat the table with his shoe"

floor

noun1. ground He's sitting on the floor watching TV.2. storey, level, stage, tier It's on the fifth floor of the hospital.verb1. (Informal) disconcert, stump, baffle, confound, beat, throw (informal), defeat, puzzle, conquer, overthrow, bewilder, perplex, bowl over (informal), faze, discomfit, bring up short, dumbfound, nonplus He was floored by the announcement.2. knock down, fell, knock over, prostrate, deck (slang) He was floored twice in the second round.wipe the floor with someone beat, defeat, trounce, run rings around (informal), make mincemeat of (informal), stuff (slang), tank (slang), crush, overwhelm, conquer, overthrow, lick (informal), subdue, rout, overpower, quell, clobber (slang), repulse, outplay, blow out of the water (slang) I'll wipe the floor with you!

floor

verb1. To cause to fall, as from a shot or blow:bring down, cut down, down, drop, fell, flatten, ground, knock down, level, prostrate, strike down, throw.Slang: deck.Idiom: lay low.2. To overwhelm with surprise, wonder, or bewilderment:boggle, bowl over, dumbfound, flabbergast, stagger.

Translations

地面层打倒楼层铺设地面

floor

(floː) noun1. the surface in a room etc on which one stands or walks. 地面2. all the rooms on the same level in a building. My office is on the third floor. （楼房的）层 verb1. to make or cover a floor. We've floored the kitchen with plastic tiles.铺设地面2. to knock down. He floored him with a powerful blow.打倒be floored1. be completely surprised or shocked. We were completely floored by his behavior.完全震惊2. to have a floor of. Our bathroom is floored with ceramic tiles.用木板铺设-floored having a floor or floors (of a particular kind). a stone-floored kitchen.铺有...地面的ˈfloorboard noun one of the narrow boards used to make a floor. 铺地板用的窄木条ˈflooring noun material for making or covering floors. 铺地板的材料

floor

→ 地面zhCN, 楼层zhCN

What floor is it on? → 第几层楼？
Which floor are shoes on? → 鞋类商品在几楼？
Do you have any bedrooms on the first floor? (US)
Do you have any bedrooms on the ground floor? (UK) → 一楼有客房吗？

Floor

floor

1. a flat bottom surface in or on any structure 2. Nautical the bottom, or the lowermost framing members at the bottom, of a vessel 3. Politics that part of a legislative hall in which debate and other business is conducted 4. Politics the right to speak in a legislative or deliberative body (esp in the phrases get, have, or be given the floor) 5. a minimum price charged or paid 6. take the floor to begin dancing on a dance floor

Floor

The lowest surface of a room or structure, which can be a division between one story and another made up of other elements, or a homogeneous material. It is the base plane of any room or structure, and is usually characterized by a flat surface or a series of flat surfaces at different levels.

floating floor

The floor is separated from the rest of the building by supporting it on sleepers or a built-up structural system, to provide sound insulation or space for high-tech flexible electrical service, independent of wall locations.

hollow-tile floor

A reinforced-concrete floor that is cast over a formwork of hollow clay tile blocks, the concrete filling the voids between the tiles.

laminated floor

A structural floor that is constructed using a continuous series of lumber set on edge and nailed together.

raised floor

A false floor, which provides a space for cables or ducts above the structural floor, floor sections are usually supported on short, adjustable peg columns.

Floor

a horizontal interior enclosed member of a building. Floors are used between stories, between the upper story and the attic, in basements, between the first story and the basement, and over passageways. Floors, which are supported by walls and other vertical elements, bear the weight of people, equipment, partitions, and furniture and transfer the load to the supports. At the same time, floors lend horizontal structural stability to a building as stiffening diaphragms.

In modern construction, a floor usually is a complex structure consisting of a load-bearing frame (slabs or beams), layers of insulation, a flooring, and, sometimes, a ceiling (a separate component of the floor). In multistory buildings, the floor frame is most often made of reinforced concrete. Wooden floor frames are used in smaller masonry and wood buildings. Wooden frames are generally used in regions rich in timber. Reinforced-concrete floor elements (precast, cast-in-place, or a combination of both) are manufactured from normal weight, silicate, or lightweight concretes (including expanded-clay and perlite concretes), as well as from various combinations of the three concretes (in multilayer floor frames).

The design of reinforced-concrete floor selected is determined by the uses of a building, the nature of the load the floor will bear, and the site conditions. Floors may consist of several slabs set on joists, girders, or trusses; slabs spanning in two directions supported by walls or partitions; or a single slab having an area equal to that of the room. Floor slabs may be solid, hollow-core, ribbed (waffle type and slabs with prestressed edge beams), or corrugated.

In mass housing construction, precast hollow-core porous slabs are most commonly used. The longitudinal hollow cores are mostly round or oval in cross section.

Floors must satisfy requirements of strength, rigidity, durability, fire-resistance, and sound insulation. Some floors, mainly in industrial buildings, must be impermeable to gas and steam and resistant to aggressive media. It is particularly important that the floors of residential and public buildings have good sound insulation. This may be achieved by carefully sealing joints and seams, using several layers of sound-insulating materials, or using special acoustic construction (for example, using two parallel slabs separated by a layer of air, using an elastic bearing beneath the flooring, or constructing a suspended ceiling). Ceilings made of sound-absorbent materials are used in rooms with particularly demanding acoustic requirements.

Today, the basic trend in the design and construction of floors involves the use of large prefabricated composite slabs. The design of floors of combined precast and cast-in-place construction is undergoing further improvement, as is the design of floors made of a single reinforced-concrete slab, which are erected by the lift-slab method.

REFERENCES

Konstruktsii grazhdanskikh zdanii, 2nd ed. Edited by M. S. Tupolev. Moscow, 1973.
Konstruktsii promyshlennykh zdanii. Edited by A. N. Popov. Moscow, 1972.

Z. A. KAZBEK-KAZIEV [19–1139—4]

Floor

a structural element of a building that bears the effect of the movement of people and loads, as well as static loads of furniture and machinery in a room. The structural, operating, sanitary, and decorative requirements of a floor are determined by the purpose and nature of the room. The floors of public buildings must be durable, wear resistant, elastic, and smooth but not slippery. They must have low heat assimilation, be easy to clean, have a pleasant appearance, and match the interior decoration. In damp areas the floors must be water-resistant and waterproof; in fire-hazardous rooms the floors must be fireproof. In industrial buildings, greater requirements are specified for the surface of floors in terms of their capacity to resist mechanical effects (abrasion, impact, puncturation) and, for some industrial processes, the effects of chemicals or heat.

In modern construction, most floors are multilayer. They consist of a foundation (the ground or a structural floor) and the flooring, which is directly subjected to the operating effects. The floor may also include sound and heat insulation and waterproofing. In the installation of a floor on ground level, the flooring is installed on a bedding course to distribute the load on the ground. (A bedding course generally is not used in floors above ground level.) To smooth out the surface of the foundation and give it the necessary rigidity, a layer of cement mortar is applied above the base layers. Then the finished floor is laid.

Floors are distinguished according to their type of flooring. Monolithic, or continuous, floors are made of cement concrete, asphalt concrete, xylolith, earth, or clay. Materials in sheet or roll form are used to make floors (linoleum, synthetic pile coverings, ultrahard wood fiberboard). Some floors are inlaid with parquet, boards, stone blocks, ceramic tile, clinker, and metal plates. The best floors are seamless mastic floors and floors made of polymer roll materials (linoleum, Relin), which are installed over a base of heat and sound insulation.

REFERENCES

Tishchenko, I. I., and O. M. Maksimova. Ustroistvo polov: Spravochnik. Moscow, 1972.
Belousov, E. D., E. M. Linde, and A. S. Bykov. Poly zhilykh i obshchestvennykh zdanii. Moscow, 1974.

K. N. POPOV

floor

[flȯr] (engineering) The bottom, horizontal surface of an enclosed space. (geology) The rock underlying a stratified or nearly horizontal deposit, corresponding to the footwall of more steeply dipping deposits. A horizontal, flat ore body. (mining engineering) Boards laid at the heading to receive blasted rocks and to facilitate ore loading. (naval architecture) One of a series of vertical plates extending across the bottom of a ship at right angles to the center line and forming part of the bottom framing of the hull.

floor

1. In a room, the surface on which one walks. 2. A division between one story and another; one story of a building. Also see blind floor, counter-floor, earth floor, finish floor, ground floor, lowest floor, threshold floor, underfloor, upper floor.

floor

floor

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storey

floor

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*floor

floor someone

Floor

floor

Floor

floating floor

hollow-tile floor

laminated floor

raised floor

Floor

REFERENCES

Floor

REFERENCES

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Synonyms for floor

noun ground

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noun storey

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verb disconcert

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verb knock down

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phrase wipe the floor with someone

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Synonyms for floor

verb to cause to fall, as from a shot or blow

Synonyms

verb to overwhelm with surprise, wonder, or bewilderment

Synonyms

Synonyms for floor

noun the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

Synonyms

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noun a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale

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noun a lower limit

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noun the ground on which people and animals move about

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noun the bottom surface of any lake or other body of water

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noun the lower inside surface of any hollow structure

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noun the occupants of a floor

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noun the parliamentary right to address an assembly

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noun the legislative hall where members debate and vote and conduct other business

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noun a large room in a exchange where the trading is done

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verb surprise greatly

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verb knock down with force

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