death rate

death rate:

see vital statisticsvital statistics,
primarily records of the number of births and deaths in a population. Other factors, such as number of marriages and causes of death, by age groups, are regularly included.
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death rate

mortality rate

the number of deaths per 1000 people in the population in a year – the crude death rate. Over the last 100 years the risk of death in the UK has been significantly reduced, particularly in the first few years of life. There is also a significant difference between the death rates of males and females according to age. In the UK, in 1961, the death rate for males under the age of one year was 24.8 compared with 19.3 for females. In 1986, the figures had fallen to 10.9 and 8.1 respectively Similarly, the death rate for men over the age of 85 in 1961 was 258.6, and 215.9 for women. In 1986 these had fallen to 217.1 and 172.4 respectively See also BIRTH RATE, STANDARDIZED MORTALITY RATIO, DEMOGRAPHY, LIFE EXPECTANCY.

Death Rate

the decrease in population resulting from death; in medical statistics, the number of deaths occurring in a country, city, or region. The death rate is generally determined by the number of deaths occurring during a given period (usually one year) per 1,000 population.

A distinction is made between the crude death rate and infant mortality and between death rate and lethality. The death rate varies at different ages. The highest rates occur among children under one year of age and persons over 70; the lowest rates occur among children 11 to 13 years of age. Together with the birth rate, infant mortality, and life-span, the death rate is an index of the natural movement of population; it also gives information about the population’s health.

The death rate depends on socioeconomic conditions and on the degree to which science and public health have developed. Thus, as recently as the early 20th century the principal causes of death throughout the world were infectious diseases. Beginning in the mid-20th century, the major cause of death in the economically developed countries, including the USSR, has been noninfectious pathology. In the developing countries the determining factors continue to be infectious and parasitic diseases.

In prerevolutionary Russia (1913), the death rate was twice that of the USA and many European countries. Between 1926 and 1960 the death rate in the USSR decreased from 20.3 to 7.1 per 1,000 population, or almost by two-thirds. During the 1960’s the USSR’s crude death rate became stabilized, and beginning in 1965 this rate showed a gradual increase: 7.3 per 1,000 population in 1965, 7.7 per 1,000 in 1968, 8.2 per 1,000 in 1971, and 8.7 per 1,000 in 1973. This is linked to an increase in the proportion of elderly persons in the population. For example, according to the 1959 census, persons 60 years of age and older accounted for 9.4 percent of the population, whereas the figure for 1970 was 11.8 percent. Between 1959 and 1970 the total population of the USSR increased by 16 percent, whereas the number of persons aged 60 and older increased by 45 percent. This has led to an increase in the ratio of deaths from chronic diseases.

Approximately one-half of the crude death rate in the economically developed countries is accounted for by cardiovascular diseases, and about one-fifth by malignant tumors. The death rate from injuries and accidents is also significant. In the USSR the death rates for cardiovascular diseases were as follows: 247.3 deaths per 100,000 population in 1960, 313.2 per 100,000 in 1965, and 404 per 100,000 in 1972. The increase is caused both by a true increase in the death rate within individual age groups (primarily those of middle age) and by the higher average age of the population. The age-specific rates of death caused by malignant tumors exhibit no tendency to increase; however, the higher average age of the population has led to an increase in the death rate from such tumors: 115.5 deaths per 100,000 population in 1960, 123.6 per 100,000 in 1965, and 129.6 per 100,000 in 1971–72.

In the USSR in 1971–72, the death rate for the urban population was 7.6 per 1,000 population, and for the rural population, 9.4 per 1,000 population. In rural areas, the death rates for age groups below 50 were higher than corresponding rates in cities; for groups over 50 the rates in rural areas were lower than in cities.

The crude death rate is gradually increasing in all the economically developed countries. Thus, between 1961 and 1971 the rate in the Federal Republic of Germany increased from 10.9 to 11.9 per 1,000 population, and in Sweden from 9.8 to 10.2 per 1,000 population. In the USA, Great Britain, and France the crude death rate has stabilized at a high level; by 1971 it amounted to 9.3,11.6, and 10.8 per 1,000 population, respectively.

REFERENCES

Urlanis, B. Ts. Rozhdaemost’i prodolzhitel’nost’ zhizni v SSSR. Moscow, 1963.
Bednyi, M. S. Demograficheskie protsessy i prognozy zdorov’ia naseleniia. Moscow, 1972.

M. S. BEDNYI

death rate

[′deth ‚rāt] (medicine) mortality rate

death rate

rate

[rāt] the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison.adjusted rate a fictitious summary rate statistically adjusted to remove the effect of a variable, such as age or sex, to permit unbiased comparison between groups having different compositions with respect to these variables. See also rate" >crude rate and rate" >specific rate.attack rate in the analysis of acute outbreaks of disease, the proportion of persons who are exposed to the disease during the outbreak who do become ill.basal metabolic rate an expression of the rate at which oxygen is utilized in a fasting subject at complete rest as a percentage of a value established as normal for such a subject. Abbreviated BMR.birth rate the number of live births in a geographic area in a defined period, usually one year, relative to some specified population. For the crude birth rate, it is the average total population or the midyear population in the area during the period. Specific birth rates for subsets of the population may also be calculated, for example, an age-specific birth rate is limited to the population of females of a defined age range.case fatality rate the number of deaths due to a specific disease as compared to the total number of cases of the disease.crude rate one giving the total number of events occurring in an entire population over a period of time, without reference to any of the individuals or subgroups within the population. See also rate" >adjusted rate and rate" >specific rate.death rate the number of deaths in a certain period of time divided by the total of a given population. The crude death rate is the ratio of the number of deaths in a geographic area in one year divided by the average population in the area during the year. The age-specific death rate is the ratio of the number of deaths occurring in a specified age group to the average population of that group. The cause-specific death rate is the ratio of the number of deaths due to a specified cause to the average total population. Called also mortality rate.

Historic example of death rates (per 100,000) for leading causes of death for men aged 25–44 years. From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 42:483, 1993.DEF rate an expression of dental caries experienced in primary teeth, calculated by adding number of those requiring filling (D), decayed teeth requiring extraction (E), and those that have already been successfully filled (F); missing primary teeth are not included in the calculation.DMF rate an expression of the condition of the permanent teeth based on the number of teeth decayed, missing (or indicated for removal), and filled or bearing restorations. It is calculated by adding the number of carious permanent teeth requiring filling (D), carious ones requiring extraction (Mr), ones previously extracted because of caries (Mp), and permanent teeth (F).dose rate the amount of any therapeutic agent administered per unit of time.erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) see erythrocyte sedimentation rate.fatality rate the rate" >death rate in a specific group of persons simultaneously affected by some event or circumstances, such as a natural disaster.fertility rate a measure of fertility in a defined population over a specified period of time, usually one year; particularly the rate" >general fertility rate, but also including more specific rates such as those for females of a given parity or a particular age range or that describing the completed rate for females who have finished childbearing.fetal death rate the ratio of the number of fetal deaths in one year to the total number of both live births and fetal deaths in that year.five-year survival rate an expression of the number of survivors with no trace of a given disease five years after each has been diagnosed or treated for the disease.flow rate flow (def. 2).forced expiratory flow rate forced expiratory flow.general fertility rate the most widely used measure of fertility; the number of live births in a geographic area in a year per 1000 women of childbearing age, which is usually defined as age 15 to 44 years.glomerular filtration rate an expression of the quantity of glomerular filtrate formed each minute in the nephrons of both kidneys, calculated by measuring the clearance of specific substances, e.g., inulin or creatinine.growth rate an expression of the increase in size of an organic object per unit of time.heart rate the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time (usually per minute).incidence rate the risk of developing a particular disease during a given period of time; the numerator of the rate is the number of new cases during the specified time period and the denominator is the population at risk during the period. Compare prevalence r.infant mortality rate the ratio of the number of deaths in one year of children less than one year of age to the number of live births in that year.intrinsic rate in pacing" >cardiac pacing terminology, the heart rate unaided by an pacemaker" >artificial pacemaker, expressed in beats per minute (bpm). See also length" >cycle length.maternal mortality rate a rate in which the numerator is the number of maternal deaths ascribed to puerperal causes in one year; the number of live births in that year is often used as the denominator, although to make a true rate the denominator should be the number of pregnancies (live births plus fetal deaths). Called also puerperal mortality rate.maximal expiratory flow rate (MEFR) maximal expiratory flow.maximal midexpiratory flow rate (MMFR) maximal midexpiratory flow.mendelian rate an expression of the numerical relations of the occurrence of distinctly contrasted mendelian characteristics in succeeding generations of hybrid offspring.metabolic rate an expression of the amount of oxygen consumed by the body cells.morbidity rate an inexact term that can mean either the rate" >incidence rate or the rate" >prevalence rate.mortality rate death rate.neonatal mortality rate the ratio of the number of deaths in one year of children less than 28 days of age to the number of live births in that year.paced rate in pacing" >cardiac pacing terminology, the rate of pulses of an pacemaker" >artificial pacemaker, expressed as pulses per minute (ppm). See also length" >cycle length.perinatal mortality rate the ratio of the number of the sum of fetal deaths after 28 or more weeks of gestation (stillbirths) and deaths of infants less than 7 days of age in one time period and population to the sum of the number of live births and fetal deaths after 28 or more weeks of gestation (stillbirths) in that same time period and population.postneonatal mortality rate the ratio of the number of deaths in a given year of children between the 28th day of life and the first birthday relative to the difference between the number of the live births and neonatal deaths in that year; the denominator is sometimes simplified, less correctly, to the number of live births. The ratio is sometimes approximated as the difference between the infant mortality rate and the neonatal mortality rate.prevalence rate the number of people in a population who have a disease at a given time; the numerator is the number of existing cases of disease at a specified time and the denominator is the total population. Time may be a point or a defined interval, and is traditionally the former if unspecified. Compare incidence r.puerperal mortality rate maternal mortality r.pulse rate the rate of the pulse, measured as number of pulsations in an artery per unit of time; normally between 60 and 80 per minute in an adult.respiration rate the number of inhalations and exhalations per unit of time, usually measured by observation of chest movements and averaging 16 to 20 per minute in an adult.sedimentation rate the rate at which a sediment is deposited in a given volume of solution, especially when subjected to the action of a centrifuge; see also erythrocyte sedimentation rate.slew rate in pacing" >cardiac pacing, the rate, expressed in units of mV/msec, at which an R wave reaches peak amplitude; it represents the maximum rate of change of amplifier output voltage.specific rate a rate that applies to a specific demographic subgroup, e.g., individuals of a specific age, sex, or race, giving the total number of events in relation only to that subgroup. See also rate" >adjusted rate and rate" >crude rate.stillbirth rate fetal death rate.

death rate

an estimate of the proportion of the population that dies during a specified period, usually a year; the numerator is the number of people dying, the denominator is the number in the population, usually an estimate of the number at the midperiod. Synonym(s): crude death rate, lethality rate, mortality rate, mortality (2)

death rate

n. The ratio of total deaths to total population in a specified community or area over a specified period of time. The death rate is often expressed as the number of deaths per 1,000 of the population per year. Also called fatality rate.

death rate

The number of deaths in a population divided by the average population

death rate

(deth rāt) An estimate of the proportion of the population that dies during a specified period, usually a year; the numerator is the number of people dying, the denominator is the number in the population, usually an estimate of the number at the midperiod.
Synonym(s): mortality rate, mortality (2) .

death rate

The ratio of the number of deaths to the total of the population concerned.

death rate

see MORTALITY RATE.

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate:

death rate

mortality rate

Death Rate

REFERENCES

death rate

death rate

rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

death rate

Synonyms for death rate

noun the ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that area

Synonyms

Related Words