释义 |
cascade
cas·cade C5141500 (kăs-kād′)n.1. A waterfall or a series of small waterfalls over steep rocks.2. Something, such as lace, thought to resemble a waterfall or series of small waterfalls, especially an arrangement or fall of material.3. A heavy, uncontrolled outpouring: a cascade of abusive comments.4. a. A succession of stages, processes, operations, or units.b. Electronics A series of components or networks, the output of each of which serves as the input for the next.c. A chemical or physiological process that occurs in successive stages, each of which is dependent on the preceding one, and often producing a cumulative effect: an enzymatic cascade.v. cas·cad·ed, cas·cad·ing, cas·cades v.intr.1. To fall in or as if in a cascade: "Morning glory vines ... cascaded over old-fashioned bamboo lattices" (Mary Yukari Waters).2. To occur in a sequence or successive stages: circumstances that cascaded into a crisis.v.tr.1. To cause to fall in or as if in a cascade: cascaded the ingredients into the bowl.2. To cause to occur in a sequence or successive stages: wholesale price reductions that are cascaded down to the consumer. [French, from Italian cascata, from cascare, to fall, from Vulgar Latin *casicāre, from Latin cadere; see kad- in Indo-European roots.]cascade (kæsˈkeɪd) n1. (Physical Geography) a waterfall or series of waterfalls over rocks2. something resembling this, such as folds of lace3. (General Physics) a. a consecutive sequence of chemical or physical processesb. (as modifier): cascade liquefaction. 4. (Electrical Engineering) a. a series of stages in the processing chain of an electrical signal where each operates the next in turnb. (as modifier): a cascade amplifier. 5. (General Physics) the cumulative process responsible for the formation of an electrical discharge, cosmic-ray shower, or Geiger counter avalanche in a gas6. (General Physics) the sequence of spontaneous decays by an excited atom or ionvb (intr) to flow or fall in or like a cascade[C17: from French, from Italian cascata, from cascare to fall, ultimately from Latin cadere to fall]cas•cade (kæsˈkeɪd) n., v. -cad•ed, -cad•ing. n. 1. a waterfall descending over a steep, rocky surface. 2. a series of shallow or steplike waterfalls, either natural or artificial. 3. anything that resembles a waterfall, esp. in seeming to flow or fall in abundance; torrent. 4. an arrangement of a lightweight fabric in folds falling one over another. 5. an arrangement of component devices, as electrolytic cells, each of which feeds into the next in succession. 6. a series of reactions catalyzed by enzymes that are activated sequentially by successive products of the reactions, resulting in an amplification of the initial response. v.i., v.t. 7. to fall or cause to fall in or like a cascade. [1635–45; < French < Italian cascata, derivative of casc(are) to fall < Vulgar Latin] Cascade something suggestive of a fall of water. See also cataract, spray.Examples: cascade of fireworks; of hair; of ice, 1860; of jewels; of lace, 1882; of molecules, 1878; of rockets; of stones, 1687; of volcanic ash, 1869.cascade Past participle: cascaded Gerund: cascading
Present |
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I cascade | you cascade | he/she/it cascades | we cascade | you cascade | they cascade |
Preterite |
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I cascaded | you cascaded | he/she/it cascaded | we cascaded | you cascaded | they cascaded |
Present Continuous |
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I am cascading | you are cascading | he/she/it is cascading | we are cascading | you are cascading | they are cascading |
Present Perfect |
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I have cascaded | you have cascaded | he/she/it has cascaded | we have cascaded | you have cascaded | they have cascaded |
Past Continuous |
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I was cascading | you were cascading | he/she/it was cascading | we were cascading | you were cascading | they were cascading |
Past Perfect |
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I had cascaded | you had cascaded | he/she/it had cascaded | we had cascaded | you had cascaded | they had cascaded |
Future |
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I will cascade | you will cascade | he/she/it will cascade | we will cascade | you will cascade | they will cascade |
Future Perfect |
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I will have cascaded | you will have cascaded | he/she/it will have cascaded | we will have cascaded | you will have cascaded | they will have cascaded |
Future Continuous |
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I will be cascading | you will be cascading | he/she/it will be cascading | we will be cascading | you will be cascading | they will be cascading |
Present Perfect Continuous |
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I have been cascading | you have been cascading | he/she/it has been cascading | we have been cascading | you have been cascading | they have been cascading |
Future Perfect Continuous |
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I will have been cascading | you will have been cascading | he/she/it will have been cascading | we will have been cascading | you will have been cascading | they will have been cascading |
Past Perfect Continuous |
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I had been cascading | you had been cascading | he/she/it had been cascading | we had been cascading | you had been cascading | they had been cascading |
Conditional |
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I would cascade | you would cascade | he/she/it would cascade | we would cascade | you would cascade | they would cascade |
Past Conditional |
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I would have cascaded | you would have cascaded | he/she/it would have cascaded | we would have cascaded | you would have cascaded | they would have cascaded | ThesaurusNoun | 1. | cascade - a small waterfall or series of small waterfallswaterfall, falls - a steep descent of the water of a river | | 2. | cascade - a succession of stages or operations or processes or units; "progressing in severity as though a cascade of genetic damage was occurring"; "separation of isotopes by a cascade of processes"succession - a group of people or things arranged or following in order; "a succession of stalls offering soft drinks"; "a succession of failures" | | 3. | cascade - a sudden downpour (as of tears or sparks etc) likened to a rain shower; "a little shower of rose petals"; "a sudden cascade of sparks"showerdescent - a movement downward | Verb | 1. | cascade - rush down in big quantities, like a cascadecascade downcome down, descend, go down, fall - move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way; "The temperature is going down"; "The barometer is falling"; "The curtain fell on the diva"; "Her hand went up and then fell again" | | 2. | cascade - arrange (open windows) on a computer desktop so that they overlap each other, with the title bars visiblecomputer science, computing - the branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structuresarrange, set up - put into a proper or systematic order; "arrange the books on the shelves in chronological order" |
cascadenoun1. waterfall, falls, torrent, flood, shower, fountain, avalanche, deluge, downpour, outpouring, cataract She stood still for a moment under the cascade of water.verb1. flow, fall, flood, pour, plunge, surge, spill, tumble, descend, overflow, gush, teem, pitch A waterfall cascades down the cliff from the hills.Translationscascade (kӕsˈkeid) noun a waterfall. a magnificent cascade. 瀑布 小瀑布 verb to fall in or like a waterfall. Water cascaded over the rock; Dishes cascaded off the table. 傾瀉 倾泻cascade
cascade1. a waterfall or series of waterfalls over rocks 2. a. a consecutive sequence of chemical or physical processes b. (as modifier): cascade liquefaction 3. a. a series of stages in the processing chain of an electrical signal where each operates the next in turn b. (as modifier): a cascade amplifier 4. the cumulative process responsible for the formation of an electrical discharge, cosmic-ray shower, or Geiger counter avalanche in a gas 5. the sequence of spontaneous decays by an excited atom or ion CascadeAn artificial waterfall that breaks the water as it flows over stone steps, usually found in a garden setting.Cascade in landscaping, a natural or artificial waterfall descending over terraced steps. In park architecture cascades are created by building at various levels of bodies of water and of steps and terraces over which the water descends. Examples of famous cascades are those in Italy, in the Villa d’Este in Tivoli (1550–72, architect P. Ligorio) and the Villa Aldobrandini in Frascati (1598–1604, architects G. della Porta and C. Maderna), as well as those in the park in Petrodvorets. In the figurative sense a cascade is a rapid irrepressible flowof something—for example, words or sounds. cascade[ka′skād] (computer science) A series of actions that take place in the course of data processing, each triggered by the previous action in the series. (electricity) An electric-power circuit arrangement in which circuit breakers of reduced interrupting ratings are used in the branches, the circuit breakers being assisted in their protection function by other circuit breakers which operate almost instantaneously. Also known as backup arrangement. (electronics) avalanche (engineering) An arrangement of separation devices, such as isotope separators, connected in series so that they multiply the effect of each individual device. (geology) A landform structure formed by gravity collapse, consisting of a bed that buckles into a series of folds as it slides down the flanks of an anticline. (hydrology) A small waterfall or series of falls descending over rocks. (cell and molecular biology) A molecular system that is capable of self-propagation or amplification. (physics) The emission of a series of photons by a quantum system, such as an atomic nucleus or a laser, in an excited state, accompanying transitions of the system to successively lower excited states, until the system reaches the ground state. cascade (compiler)A huge volume of spurious error-messages outputby a compiler with poor error recovery. Too frequently,one trivial syntax error (such as a missing ")" or "}")throws the parser out of synch so that much of the remainingprogram text, whether correct or not, is interpreted asgarbaged or ill-formed.cascade (messaging)A chain of Usenet followups, each adding sometrivial variation or riposte to the text of the previous one,all of which is reproduced in the new message; an include war in which the object is to create a sort of communalgraffito.cascade (networking)A collection of interconneced networkingdevices, typically hubs, that allows those devices to acttogether as a logical repeater.cascadeA connected series of devices or images. It often implies that the second and subsequent device takes over after the previous one is used up. For example, cascading tapes in a dual-tape backup system means the second tape is written after the first one is full. In a PC, a second IRQ chip is cascaded to the first, doubling the number of interrupts.cascade
cascade [kas-kād´] a series of steps or stages (as of a physiological process) that, once initiated, continues to the final step because each step is triggered by the preceding one, resulting in amplification of the signal, information, or effect at each stage. In electronics, the term is applied to multiple amplifiers. Examples in biochemistry include blood coagulation and the complement system.coagulation cascade the series of steps beginning with activation of the intrinsic or pathways of coagulation" >extrinsic pathways of coagulation, or of one of the related alternative pathways, and proceeding through the pathway of coagulation" >common pathway of coagulation to the formation of the fibrin clot. The coagulation cascade. This scheme emphasizes the understanding of 1, the importance of the tissue factor pathway in initiating clotting in vivo; 2, the interactions between pathways; and 3, the pivotal role of thrombin in sustaining the cascade by feedback activation of coagulation factors. HMWK = high-molecular-weight kininogen; PK = prekallikrein; PL = phospholipid; PT = prothrombin; TF = tissue factor; Th = thrombin. From Schafer, 1994.cas·cade (kas-kād'), 1. A series of sequential interactions, as of a physiologic process, which after being initiated continues to the final one; each interaction is activated by the preceding one, sometimes with cumulative effect. 2. To spill over, especially rapidly. [Fr., fr. It. cascare, to fall] cascade (kăs-kād′)n.a. A succession of stages, processes, operations, or units.b. Electronics A series of components or networks, the output of each of which serves as the input for the next.c. A chemical or physiological process that occurs in successive stages, each of which is dependent on the preceding one, and often producing a cumulative effect: an enzymatic cascade.Cardiac Arrest in Seattle: Conventional vs. Amiodarone Drug Evaluation. A trial comparing conventional therapy vs. amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic on M&M in survivors of refractory out-of-hospital ventricular arrhythmias Conclusion Slight increase in survival free of cardiac death; resuscitated ventricular fibrillation or defibrillator shock was better with amiodarone at 2, 4, and 6 years of followup; overall mortality is high, side effects are commoncascade Physiology A molecular system capable of self-propagation or amplification, especially of a weak signal; once a cascade is initiated, it may continue to be amplified through positive feedback loops and pathways, until down-regulated by local mechanisms–eg, by proteolytic enzymes. See Complement cascade, Ischemic cascade, Metastatic cascade.
CASCADE Cardiology A clinical trial–Cardiac Arrest in Seattle: Conventional vs Amiodarone Drug Evaluation–that compared conventional therapy vs amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic on M&M in survivors of refractory out-of-hospital ventricular arrhythmias. See Amiodarone, Ventricular arrhythmia. Cf BASIS. cas·cade (kas-kād') 1. A series of sequential interactions, as of a physiologic process, which after being initiated continues to the final one; each interaction is activated by the preceding one, sometimes with cumulative effect. 2. To spill over, especially rapidly. [Fr., fr. It. cascare, to fall]cascade A physiological system in which the completion of one event has an outcome that initiates the next successive event. Blood coagulation, for instance, is a cascade involving more than a dozen successive events. In genetics a cascade system controls the order in which genes are expressed.cascade sequential ENZYME reactions in which one activated enzyme activates the next in the sequence, which in turn amplifies the initial response, as in the COMPLEMENT system and BLOOD CLOTTING.CASCADE
Acronym | Definition |
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CASCADE➣Concerted Action on Seroconversion to AIDS and Death in Europe | CASCADE➣Computer Assisted Curriculum Analysis, Design and Evaluation | CASCADE➣Chip Architecture for Smart Cards and Portable Intelligent Devices | CASCADE➣Central Application for Settlement, Clearing and Depositary Expansion | CASCADE➣Certification and Assessment of Safety-Critical Application Development | CASCADE➣Compact And Scalable Dedicated Ethernet Processors (Newbridge) |
cascade
Synonyms for cascadenoun waterfallSynonyms- waterfall
- falls
- torrent
- flood
- shower
- fountain
- avalanche
- deluge
- downpour
- outpouring
- cataract
verb flowSynonyms- flow
- fall
- flood
- pour
- plunge
- surge
- spill
- tumble
- descend
- overflow
- gush
- teem
- pitch
Synonyms for cascadenoun a small waterfall or series of small waterfallsRelated Wordsnoun a succession of stages or operations or processes or unitsRelated Wordsnoun a sudden downpour (as of tears or sparks etc) likened to a rain showerSynonymsRelated Wordsverb rush down in big quantities, like a cascadeSynonymsRelated Words- come down
- descend
- go down
- fall
verb arrange (open windows) on a computer desktop so that they overlap each other, with the title bars visibleRelated Words- computer science
- computing
- arrange
- set up
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