weed

weed¹

W0076600 (wēd)n.1. A plant considered undesirable, unattractive, or troublesome, especially one that grows where it is not wanted and often grows or spreads fast or takes the place of desired plants.2. An aquatic plant or alga, especially seaweed.3. Something considered useless, detrimental, or worthless.4. Slang a. Tobacco.b. A cigarette.c. Marijuana.v. weed·ed, weed·ing, weeds v.tr.1. To clear of weeds: weeded the flowerbeds.2. To remove (weeds). Often used with out: weed out dandelions.3. To eliminate as unsuitable or unwanted. Often used with out: weed out unqualified applicants.v.intr. To remove weeds.

[Middle English, from Old English wēod, herb, grass, weed.]

weed²

W0076600 (wēd)n.1. A token of mourning, as a black band worn on a man's hat or sleeve.2. weeds The black mourning clothes of a widow.3. often weeds Archaic An article of clothing; a garment.

[Middle English wede, garment, from Old English wǣd.]

weed

(wiːd) n1. (Botany) any plant that grows wild and profusely, esp one that grows among cultivated plants, depriving them of space, food, etc2. (Recreational Drugs) slang a. the weed tobaccob. marijuana3. informal a thin or unprepossessing person4. (Horse Racing) an inferior horse, esp one showing signs of weakness of constitutionvb (Botany) to remove (useless or troublesome plants) from (a garden, etc)[Old English weod; related to Old Saxon wiod, Old High German wiota fern] ˈweeder n ˈweedless adj ˈweedˌlike adj

weed

(wiːd) n (Clothing & Fashion) rare a black crepe band worn to indicate mourning. See also weeds[Old English wǣd, wēd; related to Old Saxon wād, Old High German wāt, Old Norse vāth]

weed¹

(wid)

n. 1. an undesirable plant growing wild, esp. one growing on cultivated ground to the disadvantage of a crop, lawn, or flower bed. 2. something unattractive, wretched, or useless, esp. a horse unfit for breeding purposes. 3. Informal. a cigarette or cigar. 4. the weed, a. Informal. tobacco. b. Slang. marijuana. v.t. 5. to free from weeds or troublesome plants: to weed a garden. 6. to root out or remove (a weed or weeds), as from a garden (often fol. by out). 7. to remove as being undesirable, inefficient, or superfluous (often fol. by out): weeded out inexperienced players. 8. to rid (something) of undesirable or superfluous elements. v.i. 9. to remove weeds or the like. [before 900; Middle English wede, Old English wēod, c. Old Saxon wiod; akin to Old High German wiota fern]

weed²

(wid)

n. 1. weeds, mourning garments: widow's weeds. 2. a mourning band of black crepe or cloth, as worn on a man's coat sleeve. 3. Often, weeds.Archaic. a. a garment: clad in rustic weeds. b. clothing. [before 900; Middle English wede, Old English wǣd, (ge)wǣde garment, clothing, c. Old Saxon wād, gewādi, Old High German wāt, gewāti, Old Norse vāth]

weed

Past participle: weeded
Gerund: weeding

Imperative
weed
weed

Present
I weed
you weed
he/she/it weeds
we weed
you weed
they weed

Preterite
I weeded
you weeded
he/she/it weeded
we weeded
you weeded
they weeded

Present Continuous
I am weeding
you are weeding
he/she/it is weeding
we are weeding
you are weeding
they are weeding

Present Perfect
I have weeded
you have weeded
he/she/it has weeded
we have weeded
you have weeded
they have weeded

Past Continuous
I was weeding
you were weeding
he/she/it was weeding
we were weeding
you were weeding
they were weeding

Past Perfect
I had weeded
you had weeded
he/she/it had weeded
we had weeded
you had weeded
they had weeded

Future
I will weed
you will weed
he/she/it will weed
we will weed
you will weed
they will weed

Future Perfect
I will have weeded
you will have weeded
he/she/it will have weeded
we will have weeded
you will have weeded
they will have weeded

Future Continuous
I will be weeding
you will be weeding
he/she/it will be weeding
we will be weeding
you will be weeding
they will be weeding

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been weeding
you have been weeding
he/she/it has been weeding
we have been weeding
you have been weeding
they have been weeding

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been weeding
you will have been weeding
he/she/it will have been weeding
we will have been weeding
you will have been weeding
they will have been weeding

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been weeding
you had been weeding
he/she/it had been weeding
we had been weeding
you had been weeding
they had been weeding

Conditional
I would weed
you would weed
he/she/it would weed
we would weed
you would weed
they would weed

Past Conditional
I would have weeded
you would have weeded
he/she/it would have weeded
we would have weeded
you would have weeded
they would have weeded

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	weed - any plant that crowds out cultivated plantsAgrostemma githago, corn campion, corn cockle, crown-of-the-field - European annual having large trumpet-shaped reddish-purple flowers and poisonous seed; a common weed in grainfields and beside roadways; naturalized in Americaknawe, knawel, Scleranthus annuus - widely distributed low-growing Eurasian herb having narrow leaves and inconspicuous green flowerscorn spurrey, corn spurry, Spergula arvensis - small European weed with whorled leaves and white flowerssand spurry, sea spurry, Spergularia rubra - prostrate weedy herb with tiny pink flowers; widespread throughout Europe and Asia on sand dunes and heath and coastal cliffs; naturalized in eastern North Americacarpetweed, Indian chickweed, Molluga verticillata - annual prostrate mat-forming weed having whorled leaves and small greenish-white flowers; widespread throughout North Americaalligator grass, alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides - prolific South American aquatic weed having grasslike leaves and short spikes of white flowers; clogs waterways with dense floating massesBarbarea vulgaris, rockcress, rocket cress, Sisymbrium barbarea, yellow rocket - noxious cress with yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus SisymbriumErysimum cheiranthoides, wormseed mustard - slender yellow-flowered European mustard often troublesome as a weed; formerly used as an anthelminticjointed charlock, Raphanus raphanistrum, runch, wild radish, wild rape - Eurasian weed having yellow or mauve or white flowers and podlike fruitspennycress - any of several plants of the genus Thlaspiambrosia, bitterweed, ragweed - any of numerous chiefly North American weedy plants constituting the genus Ambrosia that produce highly allergenic pollen responsible for much hay fever and asthmathistle - any of numerous plants of the family Compositae and especially of the genera Carduus and Cirsium and Onopordum having prickly-edged leavesBarnaby's thistle, Centaurea solstitialis, yellow star-thistle - European weed having a winged stem and hairy leaves; adventive in the eastern United StatesCanadian fleabane, Conyza canadensis, Erigeron canadensis, horseweed, fleabane - common North American weed with linear leaves and small discoid heads of yellowish flowers; widely naturalized throughout temperate regions; sometimes placed in genus ErigeronErechtites hieracifolia, fireweed - an American weedy plant with small white or greenish flowersHieracium praealtum, king devil, yellow hawkweed - European hawkweed introduced into northeastern United States; locally troublesome weedsCalifornia dandelion, capeweed, gosmore, Hypochaeris radicata, cat's-ear - European weed widely naturalized in North America having yellow flower heads and leaves resembling a cat's earsbastard feverfew, Parthenium hysterophorus - tropical American annual weed with small radiate heads of white flowers; adventive in southern United Statesbitterweed, bristly oxtongue, oxtongue, Picris echioides, bugloss - widespread European weed with spiny tongue-shaped leaves and yellow flowers; naturalized in United StatesHieracium aurantiacum, orange hawkweed, Pilosella aurantiaca - European hawkweed having flower heads with bright orange-red rays; a troublesome weed especially as naturalized in northeastern North America; sometimes placed in genus HieraciumSenecio doublasii, threadleaf groundsel - bluish-green bushy leafy plant covered with close white wool and bearing branched clusters of yellow flower heads; southwestern United States; toxic to range livestockbenweed, ragweed, ragwort, Senecio jacobaea, tansy ragwort - widespread European weed having yellow daisylike flowers; sometimes an obnoxious weed and toxic to cattle if consumed in quantitygroundsel, Senecio vulgaris - Eurasian weed with heads of small yellow flowerscocklebur, cockle-bur, cockleburr, cockle-burr - any coarse weed of the genus Xanthium having spiny burrsnettle - any of numerous plants having stinging hairs that cause skin irritation on contact (especially of the genus Urtica or family Urticaceae)tumbleweed - any plant that breaks away from its roots in autumn and is driven by the wind as a light rolling massmadnep, wild parsnip - biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnipcultivated plant - plants that are grown for their produce
	2.	weed - a black band worn by a man (on the arm or hat) as a sign of mourningmourning bandband - a thin flat strip of flexible material that is worn around the body or one of the limbs (especially to decorate the body)
	3.	weed - street names for marijuana dope, gage, green goddess, sens, sess, Mary Jane, locoweed, skunk, grass, smoke, potcannabis, ganja, marihuana, marijuana - the most commonly used illicit drug; considered a soft drug, it consists of the dried leaves of the hemp plant; smoked or chewed for euphoric effect
Verb	1.	weed - clear of weeds; "weed the garden" remove, take away, withdraw, take - remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract; "remove a threat"; "remove a wrapper"; "Remove the dirty dishes from the table"; "take the gun from your pocket"; "This machine withdraws heat from the environment"stub - clear of weeds by uprooting them; "stub a field"

weed

weed something or someone outverb eliminate, remove, shed, get rid of, eradicate, dispense with, uproot, root out, separate out, extirpate He is keen to weed out any applicants whom he believes to be frauds.

Translations

杂草野草除草

weed

(wiːd) noun any wild plant, especially when growing among cultivated plants or where it is not wanted. The garden is full of weeds.杂草 verb to remove weeds (from). to weed the garden.除草ˈweedkiller noun a chemical etc used to kill weeds. 除草剂weed out to remove (things which are unwanted) from a group or collection. 清除

weed

→ 野草zhCN

weed

weed,

common term for any wild plant, particularly an undesired plant, growing in cultivated ground, where it competes with crop plants for soil nutrients and water. In their natural habitat, wildflowers and herbs not only provide beauty but function in many useful ways, e.g., as a source of food for insects and animals and to enrich the earth, loosen hard-packed soils, and help prevent erosion. However, when they invade cultivated areas they often interfere with the desired crop by appropriating space, sunlight, moisture, and soil nutrients. Weeds may also harbor and spread insect and fungus pests. Dried weeds along roadsides are often the starting point for brush and forest fires. Their habits of growth and of propagation must be considered in attempting to eradicate them. Control methods include continual soil cultivation, blanketing the soil with some material (e.g., mulch) to thwart weed growth, and the use of various herbicides (see sprayingspraying,
horticultural practice of applying fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides, usually in solution, to plants. It may be accomplished by various means, e.g., the watering can, sprinkler attachment, spray gun, aerosol bomb, power spraying machine, or airplane.
..... Click the link for more information. ). Plants which are cultivated in one region may become weeds when introduced in another, e.g., the oxeye daisy, imported to the United States from Europe; the Russian thistle, called tumbleweed in America; and burdock, which in Japan is grown as a vegetable. Crabgrass and ragweed are weeds well known to gardeners and to hay-fever sufferers.

Bibliography

See T. J. Muzik, Weed Biology and Control (1970); R. E. Wilkinson and H. E. Jaques, How to Know the Weeds (2d ed. 1973).

Weed

a plant whose growth in specific areas is undesirable because it worsens conditions for the growth of crops, decreases the yield and quality of crops, or is useless or poisonous. The term “weed” is a relative one. For example, the sunflower is an extremely valuable oil crop, but when it sheds its seeds in a standing crop and the seeds sprout the following spring, it may be considered a weed (a contaminant) in relation to the other plants (usually winter wheat) that were sown later. Weeds damage plantings (fruit and berry plantings), shelterbelts and afforested areas, meadows, roads, streets, drainage and irrigation canals, rivers, lakes, reservoirs and their shores, stadiums, and right-of-ways for electric power transmission lines, gas pipelines, and petroleum pipelines. They are distributed over the entire globe. Of the several thousand known species, approximately 1,500 occur in the USSR.

Damage from weeds is diverse. Weeds choke crops by absorbing large quantities of water and nutrient matter from the soil, by discharging harmful substances from their roots into the soil, and by depriving other plants of light. All this decreases the crop yield or, in many cases, leads to destruction of the crop. Climbing weeds, such as field bindweed and black bindweed, cause lodging of agricultural crops, which makes harvesting difficult and leads to severe crop losses. Tall-stemmed and succulent weeds (sow thistles, thistles, and goosefoots) clog the working elements of harvesting machines, thus lowering productivity. The harvested material contains succulent parts of weeds, which significantly increase the moisture content and temperature of the grain and seeds and lower the quality. Grain contaminated with seeds of poisonous weeds, such as Heliotropium lasiocarpum, may poison humans and farm animals. Weeds in hayfields and pastures crowd out valuable grasses, thus lowering the yields and their nutritional value. Animals whose feed contains poisonous weeds may become intoxicated. The primary foci of reproduction of many crop pests and diseases are often weeds. Weeds lower the water-carrying capacity of irrigation canals and promote silting. Weeds on construction sites and rights-of-way for petroleum and gas pipelines increase fire hazards.

Weeds are classified according to their reproduction, dispersal, and regeneration; their place of growth and specialization; and their taxonomic position. Weeds are divided into the following three biological types according to their reproduction, dispersal, and regeneration: seed annuals and biennials, vegetative annuals and biennials, and perennials.

Seed annuals and biennials reproduce, disperse, and regenerate by means of seeds, fruits, and aggregate fruits or seed lobes; they bear fruit once in a lifetime and then die.

Annual weeds—those weeds that live for one year—are divided into four subgroups: early spring, late spring, winter, and wintering. Early spring annuals (wild oat, Cannabis ruderalis, goosefoot, Atriplex, ryegrass) contaminate early spring crops, such as wheat and barley, especially heavily. Late spring annuals, which include bristle grass, barnyard grass, and amaranth, are specialized contaminants of millet and other late spring crops. Many of the early and, particularly, late spring annuals, including Atriplex, goosefoot, and amaranth, are also post-harvest weeds; that is, they proliferate after the harvesting of crops, producing a harvest of seeds. Winter annuals (annual bromes) most often contaminate winter crops; they readily live through the winter and bear fruit the following year. In contrast to winter types, wintering annuals (shepherd’s purse, field pennycress) can grow and bear fruit normally even when shoots are formed in the spring.

In biennial weeds (melilot, Onorpodum and many other composites), the vegetative organs are formed from the seeds in the first year, and the plants bear fruit and die in the second year.

Parasitic and hemiparasitic weeds form a category somewhat apart from the above types. Parasitic weeds attach themselves by suction to stems (dodder on clover, medic, and many other plants) or to roots (Orobanche on medic, tobacco, and tomatoes). Hemiparasitic weeds include Rhinanthus vernalis, which attacks rye, and Odontites serótina, which attacks cultivated and wild grasses.

Vegetative annuals and biennials reproduce, disperse, and regenerate by seeds and vegetatively. The lifespan of each plant usually does not exceed two years. These plants are categorized as tuberous (Lathyrus tuberosus, marsh woundwort) and bulbous (perennial violets, Sisymbrium polymorphum). There are winter, wintering, spring, and biennial subgroups.

Perennial weeds have long-lived underground organs; each year they form shoots, which exist for one to two years and die off after bearing fruit. There are four groups of perennial weeds: taproot weeds (absinthe, Rumex confertus), caespitose weeds (certain sedges and grasses), sucker-producing weeds (creeping thistle, field bindweed, field sow thistle), and rhizome weeds, including shallow-rooted types (common quack grass, Leymus, Hierochloë) and deep-rooted types (horsetail, licorice, Sophora). Closely related to the rhizome group is an independent group of weeds with sprouts and tendrils that spread and root above ground (white clover and creeping crowfoot).

Weeds are very fertile. A knowledge of their reproduction, dispersal, and regeneration makes it possible to differentiate various measures for eliminating each biological type and group.

Weeds are classified according to their place of growth and specialization as (1) segetal weeds (growing in fields of grain), (2) weeds of natural lands, (3) ruderals (growing in debris, wastelands, and overgrown areas), and (4) weeds of special areas.

Segetal weeds may contaminate winter crops, early spring and vegetable crops, late spring crops, perennial herbs, fallow and uncultivated lands (long fallow, boundaries, and field paths), or fruit and berry crops and parks. In each of the subgroups there are specialized weeds that usually grow only in plantings of a single crop or even a single variety; examples are darnel (which grows in spring wheat), Fagopyrum tataricum Gaerth and black bindweed (in buckwheat), field pea (in peas), and a special type of wild oat (in the Pobeda variety of oat).

Weeds of natural lands and special areas include the following subgroups: hay and pasture weeds (poisonous, harmful, unproductive, barely edible, and inedible); forest weeds; weeds of areas with disrupted natural herbaceous covering; river, water, and shore weeds; and weeds of special areas, such as airfields and sports fields. Ruderal weeds grow in places where refuse is thrown, on wastelands, near dwellings, and along roads. Some are poisonous (Hyoscyamus), others are thorny (cocklebur), and still others are stinging (nettle). Weeds of special areas are difficult to discover in crops or to distinguish from seed material because they resemble the crops they contaminate in seed size and external appearance. Quarantine weeds are a separate category.

Classification according to taxonomic position has great significance in the chemical control of weeds. The differences between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds make it possible to destroy dicotyledonous weeds in plantings of monocotyledonous crops and to destroy monocotyledonous weeds in dicotyledonous crops.

The principal weed-control measures are directed against the most harmful characteristic weeds contaminating a given area. Other weeds may also be dangerous species, but they are found in comparatively small numbers; measures are taken to prevent their proliferation. There are three principal, or simple, types of weed contamination: (1) by weeds with root suckers, (2) by weeds with rhizomes, and (3) by annuals and biennials. There are also four compound types, in which the characteristic species of weeds are represented by two or three of the above groups. The degree of weed contamination may be slight (single weeds), moderate (up to one-fourth of the herbage of crops), severe (approximately the same amount of weeds as crops), or very severe (weeds clearly predominate). A system of weed control that takes into account the type of contamination is worked out for each field and plot. Weed control involves the use of sound land-cultivation methods (crop rotation and proper timing of plowing, planting, and harvesting), the use of chemical herbicides, and the implementation of measures to control the purity of seed material and to protect against quarantine weeds.

REFERENCES

Sornye rasteniia SSSR, vols. 1–4. Leningrad, 1934–35.
Kazakevich, L. I., and B. M. Smirnov. Kak ochistit’ polia ot sorniakov. Saratov, 1950.
Dobrokhotov, V. N. Semena sornykh rastenii. Moscow, 1961.
Mal’tsev, A. I. Sornaia rastitel’nost’ SSSR i mery bor’by s nei, 4th ed. Moscow-Leningrad, 1962.
Kott, S. A. Sornye rasteniia i bor’ba s nimi. Moscow, 1969.
Smirnov, B. M. Bor’ba s sorniakami v Povolzh’e. Saratov, 1975.

B. M. SMIRNOV

weed

[wēd] (botany) A plant that is useless or of low economic value, especially one growing on cultivated land to the detriment of the crop.

weed

1. any plant that grows wild and profusely, esp one that grows among cultivated plants, depriving them of space, food, etc. 2. Slanga. the weed tobacco b. marijuana 3. an inferior horse, esp one showing signs of weakness of constitution

Weeds

(dreams)Weeds as dream symbols represent neglect. They suggest that the dreamer has not been regularly tending his physical or psychological environment. Weeds are indicative of negativity as well as growth of useless and harmful elements in the dreamer’s life. Just as we need to weed out the garden to have healthy plants, we need to weed out the negativity in our minds and lives to grow fully. Weeding in dreams suggests a releasing of stifling and useless thoughts and actions, which frees the mind and improves relationships.

weed

weed 1

weed 2

weed

weed

weed1

weed2

weed

weed

weed

weed

weed

(deep) in the weeds

(deep) into the weeds

weed out

the weed of crime bears bitter fruit

widow's weeds

crying weed

dickweed

monster weed

weed someone or something out

weed out

weed out

crying weed

dickweed

killer weed

monster weed

weed

weedhead

weed-eater

weeds

the weed of crime bears bitter fruit

widow's weeds

weed

weed,

Bibliography

Weed

REFERENCES

weed

weed

Weeds

weed

weed

weed

Patient discussion about weed

WEED

weed

Synonyms for weed

verb eliminate

Synonyms

Synonyms for weed

noun any plant that crowds out cultivated plants

Related Words

Antonyms

noun a black band worn by a man (on the arm or hat) as a sign of mourning

Synonyms

Related Words

noun street names for marijuana

Synonyms

Related Words

verb clear of weeds

Related Words

weed¹

weed²

weed¹

weed²