plastic

plas·tic

P0356500 (plăs′tĭk)adj.1. Capable of being shaped or formed: plastic material such as clay. See Synonyms at malleable.2. Relating to or dealing with shaping or modeling: the plastic art of sculpture.3. Having the qualities of sculpture; well-formed: "the astonishing plastic beauty of the chorus girls" (Frank Harris).4. Giving form or shape to a substance: the plastic forces that create and wear down a mountain range.5. Easily influenced; impressionable: "The plastic mind of the bank clerk had been ... distorted by what he had read" (Rudyard Kipling).6. Made of a plastic or plastics: a plastic garden hose.7. Physics Capable of undergoing continuous deformation without rupture or relaxation.8. Biology a. Capable of building tissue; formative.b. Able to change and adapt, especially by acquiring alternative pathways for sensory perception or motor skills. Used of the central nervous system.9. Marked by artificiality or superficiality: a plastic world of fad, hype, and sensation.10. Informal Of or obtained by means of credit cards: plastic money.n.1. Any of various organic compounds produced by polymerization, capable of being molded, extruded, cast into various shapes and films, or drawn into filaments used as textile fibers.2. Informal A credit card or credit cards: would accept cash or plastic in payment.

[Latin plasticus, from Greek plastikos, from plastos, molded, from plassein, to mold; see pelə- in Indo-European roots.]

plas′ti·cal·ly adv.plas·tic′i·ty (-tĭs′ĭ-tē) n.

plastic

(ˈplæstɪk; ˈplɑːs-) n1. (Chemistry) any one of a large number of synthetic usually organic materials that have a polymeric structure and can be moulded when soft and then set, esp such a material in a finished state containing plasticizer, stabilizer, filler, pigments, etc. Plastics are classified as thermosetting (such as Bakelite) or thermoplastic (such as PVC) and are used in the manufacture of many articles and in coatings, artificial fibres, etc. Compare resin²2. (Banking & Finance) short for plastic moneyadj3. made of plastic4. easily influenced; impressionable: the plastic minds of children. 5. capable of being moulded or formed6. (Art Terms) fine arts a. of or relating to moulding or modelling: the plastic arts. b. produced or apparently produced by moulding: the plastic draperies of Giotto's figures. 7. having the power to form or influence: the plastic forces of the imagination. 8. (Biology) biology of or relating to any formative process; able to change, develop, or grow: plastic tissues. 9. (Surgery) of or relating to plastic surgery10. slang superficially attractive yet unoriginal or artificial: plastic food. [C17: from Latin plasticus relating to moulding, from Greek plastikos, from plassein to form] ˈplastically, ˈplasticly adv

plas•tic

(ˈplæs tɪk)

n. 1. any of a group of synthetic or natural organic materials that may be shaped when soft and then hardened, including many types of resins, resinoids, polymers, cellulose derivatives, casein materials, and proteins. 2. a credit card, or credit cards collectively. 3. credit represented by the use of credit cards. 4. an object or objects made of plastic. adj. 5. made of plastic. 6. capable of being molded. 7. produced by molding. 8. having the power to mold or shape material: the plastic forces of nature. 9. concerned with or pertaining to molding or modeling; sculptural. 10. pliable; impressionable: the plastic mind of youth. 11. artificial or synthetic. 12. insincere; phony: a plastic smile. 13. pertaining to the use of credit cards: plastic credit. 14. Mech. able to deform continuously and permanently without rupturing. 15. Biol. formative (def. 3). 16. of or pertaining to plastic surgery. [1625–35; < Latin plasticus that may be molded < Greek plastikós. See -plast, -ic] plas′ti•cal•ly, plas′tic•ly, adv.

-plastic

a combining form occurring in adjectives that correspond to nouns ending in -plasia, -plast, or -plasty: anaplastic; chloroplastic; heteroplastic. [see plastic]

plas·tic

(plăs′tĭk)Noun Any of numerous artificial compounds formed by linking simple chemical units into giant molecules called polymers. Plastics are soft or liquid when heated. They can be molded into objects, pressed into thin layers, and drawn into fibers for use in textiles.Adjective Capable of being molded or formed into a shape.

plastic

aglet - The plastic or metal covering on the end of a shoelace (formerly called the point) that makes it easier to thread through the eyelet holes.
plastic - From Greek plastos, "to form, mold."
plastic surgery - Dates to 1837; "plastic" is used in the sense of "molding, shaping."
velo binding - A type of document fastener using a narrow strip of plastic on the front and back and attached with thin plastic pegs through the pages; also called velobind.

plastic

(in a painting) Conveying a three-dimensional impression through the modeling and movement of the figures.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	plastic - generic name for certain synthetic or semisynthetic materials that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for making e.g. coatings and adhesivesABS, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene - any of a class of composite plastics used to make car bodies and cases for computers and other appliancesMylar - a thin polyester filmthermoplastic, thermoplastic resin - a material that softens when heated and hardens again when cooledthermosetting compositions, thermosetting resin - a material that hardens when heated and cannot be remoldedBakelite - a thermosetting plastic used as electric insulators and for making plastic ware and telephone receivers etc.polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon - a trademark for a material used to coat cooking utensils and in industrial applications where sticking is to be avoidedVinylite - any of various vinyl resinsresinoid - a plastic containing resinsamino plastic, amino resin, aminoplast - a plastic (synthetic resin) made from amino compounds; used as an adhesive and as a coating for paper and textilescellulosic - a plastic made from cellulose (or a derivative of cellulose)coumarone resin, coumarone-indene resin - a thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerization of indene and coumarone; used in coatings and paint and asphalt tilefluorocarbon plastic - a plastic made with fluorocarbonphenolic plastic, phenolic urea - a plastic consisting of phenolic resinspolyester - a complex ester used for making fibers or resins or plastics or as a plasticizerpolypropene, polypropylene - a polymer of propylene used as a thermoplastic molding materialpolyvinyl-formaldehyde - a polymer of vinyl formaldehydesilicone resin - a polymeric silicone compoundsolid - matter that is solid at room temperature and pressurevinyl - shiny and tough and flexible plastic; used especially for floor coverings
	2.	plastic - a card (usually plastic) that assures a seller that the person using it has a satisfactory credit rating and that the issuer will see to it that the seller receives payment for the merchandise delivered; "do you take plastic?"charge card, charge plate, credit cardmagnetic stripe - a short strip of magnetic tape attached to a credit card or debit card; it contains data that will tell a reading device who you are and what your account number is, etc.positive identification - evidence proving that you are who you say you are; evidence establishing that you are among the group of people already known to the system; recognition by the system leads to acceptance; "a system for positive identification can prevent the use of a single identity by several people"charge account credit, open-end credit, revolving credit - a consumer credit line that can be used up to a certain limit or paid down at any timebank card - a credit card issued by a bankcalling card, phone card - a card that is used instead of cash to make telephone callscash card, cashcard - a credit card that entitles the holder to receive cash
Adj.	1.	plastic - capable of being molded or modeled (especially of earth or clay or other soft material); "plastic substances such as wax or clay"moldable, fictileelastic - capable of resuming original shape after stretching or compression; springy; "an elastic band"; "a youthful and elastic walk"
	2.	plastic - capable of being influenced or formed; "the plastic minds of children"; "a pliant nature"pliantimpressible, impressionable, waxy - easily impressed or influenced; "an impressionable youngster"; "an impressionable age"; "a waxy mind"
	3.	plastic - forming or capable of forming or molding or fashioning; "a formative influence"; "a formative experience"shaping, formativeconstructive - constructing or tending to construct or improve or promote development; "constructive criticism"; "a constructive attitude"; "a constructive philosophy"; "constructive permission"

plastic

adjective1. (Slang) false, artificial, synthetic, superficial, sham, pseudo (informal), spurious, specious, meretricious, phoney or phony (informal) When girls wear too much make-up, they look plastic.
false natural, real, true, genuine, authentic, sincere, dinkum (Austral & N.Z. informal)2. pliant, soft, flexible, supple, pliable, tensile, ductile, mouldable, fictile The mud is as soft and plastic as butter.
pliant hard, stiff, rigid, brittle, inflexible, unyielding, unbending

plastic

adjective1. Capable of being shaped, bent, or drawn out, as by hammering or pressure:ductile, flexible, flexile, flexuous, malleable, moldable, pliable, pliant, supple, workable.2. Changing easily, as in expression:changeable, fluid, mobile.3. Easily altered or influenced:ductile, elastic, flexible, flexile, impressionable, malleable, pliable, pliant, suggestible, supple.4. Physics. Capable of withstanding stress without injury:elastic, flexible, flexile, resilient, springy, supple.5. Marked by unnaturalness, pretension, and often a slavish love of fads:artificial, factitious, synthetic, unnatural.

Translations

塑料塑料的可塑的塑性的

plaster

(ˈplaːstə) noun1. (also adjective) (of) a substance put on walls, ceilings etc which dries to form a hard smooth surface. He mixed up some plaster to repair the wall; a plaster ceiling. （涂墙用的）灰泥 2. (also adjective) (also plaster of Paris) (of) a similar quick-drying substance used for supporting broken limbs, making models etc. She's got her arm in plaster; a plaster model.熟石膏3. (also ˈsticking-plaster ; American Band-Aid) (a piece of) sticky tape (sometimes with a dressing) used to cover a wound etc. You should put a plaster on that cut.药膏 verb1. to put plaster on. They plastered the walls.在...上涂灰泥2. to spread or apply rather too thickly. She'd look nicer if she didn't plaster so much make-up on her face.厚厚地涂抹ˈplasterer noun a person whose job is to put plaster on walls, ceilings etc. 泥水匠plastic (ˈplӕstik) noun, adjective (of) any of many chemically manufactured substances that can be moulded when still soft. This cup is made of plastic; a plastic cup. 塑料（的） adjective easily made into different shapes. 可塑的，塑性的 plastic surgery surgery to repair or replace damaged skin, or to improve the appearance usually of the face ( noun plastic surgeon) 整形外科

plastic

→ 塑料zhCN, 塑料的zhCN

plastic

plastic,

any organic material with the ability to flow into a desired shape when heat and pressure are applied to it and to retain the shape when they are withdrawn.

Composition and Types of Plastic

A plastic is made up principally of a binder together with plasticizers, fillers, pigments, and other additives. The binder gives a plastic its main characteristics and usually its name. Thus, polyvinyl chloride is both the name of a binder and the name of a plastic into which it is made. Binders may be natural materials, e.g., cellulose derivatives, casein, or milk protein, but are more commonly synthetic resins. In either case, the binder materials consist of very long chainlike molecules called polymerspolymer
, chemical compound with high molecular weight consisting of a number of structural units linked together by covalent bonds (see chemical bond). The simple molecules that may become structural units are themselves called monomers; two monomers combine to form a dimer,
..... Click the link for more information. . Cellulose derivatives are made from cellulose, a naturally occurring polymer; casein is also a naturally occurring polymer. Synthetic resins are polymerized, or built up, from small simple molecules called monomers. Plasticizers are added to a binder to increase flexibility and toughness. Fillers are added to improve particular properties, e.g., hardness or resistance to shock. Pigments are used to impart various colors. Virtually any desired color or shape and many combinations of the properties of hardness, durability, elasticity, and resistance to heat, cold, and acid can be obtained in a plastic.

There are two basic types of plastic: thermosetting, which cannot be resoftened after being subjected to heat and pressure; and thermoplastic, which can be repeatedly softened and remolded by heat and pressure. When heat and pressure are applied to a thermoplastic binder, the chainlike polymers slide past each other, giving the material "plasticity." However, when heat and pressure are initially applied to a thermosetting binder, the molecular chains become cross-linked, thus preventing any slippage if heat and pressure are reapplied.

See epoxy resinsepoxy resins,
group of synthetic resins used to make plastics and adhesives. These materials are noted for their versatility, but their relatively high cost has limited their use.
..... Click the link for more information. ; polyacrylicspolyacrylics
, group of thermoplastics that are transparent and highly decorative (see plastic). The polyacrylics, or acrylic plastics, are polymers (and copolymers) of derivatives of acrylic acid, H₂C=CH-COOH.
..... Click the link for more information. ; polycarbonatespolycarbonates,
group of clear, thermoplastic polymers used mainly as molding compounds (see plastic). Polycarbonates are prepared by the reaction of an aromatic difunctional phenol with either phosgene or an aromatic or aliphatic carbonate.
..... Click the link for more information. ; polyethylenepolyethylene
, widely used plastic. It is a polymer of ethylene, CH₂=CH₂, having the formula (-CH₂-CH₂-)_n, and is produced at high pressures and temperatures in the presence of any one of several catalysts, depending
..... Click the link for more information. ; polyolefinspolyolefins
, group of plastics that are polymers of various alkenes, or olefins. The most important are polyethylene and polypropylene.
..... Click the link for more information. ; polypropylenepolypropylene
, plastic noted for its light weight, being less dense than water; it is a polymer of propylene. It resists moisture, oils, and solvents. Since its melting point is 121&degC; (250&degF;), it is used in the manufacture of objects that are sterilized in the course of
..... Click the link for more information. ; polystyrenepolystyrene
, widely used plastic; it is a polymer of styrene. Polystyrene is a colorless, transparent thermoplastic that softens slightly above 100&degC; (212&degF;) and becomes a viscous liquid at around 185&degC; (365&degF;).
..... Click the link for more information. ; polyurethanespolyurethanes
, group of plastics that may be either thermosetting or thermoplastic. Polyurethane can be made into both flexible and rigid foams. The flexible foam is often used in furniture and automobile cushions, in mattresses, and for carpet backings.
..... Click the link for more information. ; polyvinyl chloridepolyvinyl chloride
(PVC), thermoplastic that is a polymer of vinyl chloride. Resins of polyvinyl chloride are hard, but with the addition of plasticizers a flexible, elastic plastic can be made. This plastic has found extensive use as an electrical insulator for wires and cables.
..... Click the link for more information. ; vinyl plasticsvinyl plastics,
group of thermoplastics used in molded products, flexible tubing, material for raincoats, and laminated safety glass. Vinyl plastics are polymers and copolymers of vinyl derivatives (i.e., derivatives of ethylene, H₂C=CH₂), e.g.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Molding of Plastic

Plastics are available in the form of bars, tubes, sheets, coils, and blocks, and these can be fabricated to specification. However, plastic articles are commonly manufactured from plastic powders in which desired shapes are fashioned by compression, transfer, injection, or extrusion molding. In compression molding, materials are generally placed immediately in mold cavities, where the application of heat and pressure makes them first plastic, then hard. The transfer method, in which the compound is plasticized by outside heating and then poured into a mold to harden, is used for designs with intricate shapes and great variations in wall thickness. Injection-molding machinery dissolves the plastic powder in a heating chamber and by plunger action forces it into cold molds, where the product sets. The operations take place at rigidly controlled temperatures and intervals. Extrusion molding employs a heating cylinder, pressure, and an extrusion die through which the molten plastic is sent and from which it exits in continuous form to be cut in lengths or coiled.

Environmental Considerations

Plastics are so durable that they will not rot or decay as do natural products such as those made of wood. As a result great amounts of discarded plastic products accumulate in the environment as waste. It has been suggested that plastics could be made to decompose slowly when exposed to sunlight by adding certain chemicals to them. Plastics present the additional problem of being difficult to burn. When placed in an incinerator, they tend to melt quickly and flow downward, clogging the incinerator's grate. They also emit harmful fumes; e.g., burning polyvinyl chloride gives off hydrogen chloride gas.

Development of Plastics

The first important plastic, celluloidcelluloid
[from cellulose], transparent, colorless synthetic plastic made by treating cellulose nitrate with camphor and alcohol. Celluloid was the first important synthetic plastic and was widely used as a substitute for more expensive substances, such as ivory, amber,
..... Click the link for more information. , was discovered (c.1869) by the American inventor John W. Hyatt and manufactured by him in 1872; it is a mixture of cellulose nitrate, camphor, and alcohol and is thermoplastic. However, plastics did not come into modern industrial use until after the production (1909) of BakeliteBakelite
[for its inventor, L. H. Baekeland], synthetic thermosetting resin. It has been widely used both alone, to form whole objects, and in combination with other materials, as a laminate or a surface coating.
..... Click the link for more information. by the American chemist L. H. Baekeland. Bakelite, made by the polymerization of phenol and formaldehyde, is thermosetting. New uses for plastics are continually being discovered. Following World War II optical lenses, artificial eyes, and dentures of acrylic plastics, splints that X rays may pierce, nylon fibers, machine gears, fabric coatings, wall surfacing, and plastic lamination were developed. More recently a hydrophilic, or water-attracting, plastic suitable for use in non-irritating contact lenses has been developed. Among the trade names by which many plastic products are widely known are Plexiglas, Lucite, Polaroid, Cellophane, Vinylite, and Koroseal. Plastics reinforced with fiberglass are used for boats, automobile bodies, furniture, and building panels.

Bibliography

See L. K. Arnold, Introduction to Plastics (1968); J. H. DuBois, Plastics History, U.S.A. (1972); H. D. Junge, Dictionary of Plastics Technology (1987); A. W. Birley et al., Plastics Materials: Properties and Applications (1988).

Plastic

Any of the various synthetic complex organic compounds produced by polymerization; can be molded, extruded, or cast into various shapes or drawn into fibers.

acrylic fiber

A synthetic polymer fiber.

fiberglass

The generic term for a material consisting of extremely fine filaments of glass that are mixed with a resin to give the desired form in a mold. Layers of this combination are laid or sprayed into the mold.

nylon

A class of thermoplastics characterized by extreme toughness, strength, and elasticity and capable of being extruded into filaments, fibers and sheets.

plastic

[′plas·tik] (materials) A polymeric material (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow; usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticizers, pigments, and stabilizers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material); examples are polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and urea-formaldehyde. (mechanics) Displaying, or associated with, plasticity.

plastic

plasterwork, 1 1. A natural or artificially prepared organic polymer of low extensibility, as compared with rubber; can be molded, extruded, cut, or worked into a great variety of objects, rigid or nonrigid, relatively light, which are formed by condensation polymerization and by vinyl polymerization; plastics.

plastic

The condition in which material is capable of being shaped. It is normally in a semisolid state.

plastic

1. any one of a large number of synthetic usually organic materials that have a polymeric structure and can be moulded when soft and then set, esp such a material in a finished state containing plasticizer, stabilizer, filler, pigments, etc. Plastics are classified as thermosetting (such as Bakelite) or thermoplastic (such as PVC) and are used in the manufacture of many articles and in coatings, artificial fibres, etc. 2. Fine artsa. of or relating to moulding or modelling b. produced or apparently produced by moulding 3. Biology of or relating to any formative process; able to change, develop, or grow

plastic

plas·tic

plastic

plas•tic

-plastic

plas·tic

plastic

plastic

plastic

plastic

plaster

plastic

plastic

plastic grin

plastic smile

plastic punk

plastic

plastic punk

plastic

plastic,

Composition and Types of Plastic

Molding of Plastic

Environmental Considerations

Development of Plastics

Bibliography

Plastic

acrylic fiber

fiberglass

nylon

plastic

plastic

plastic

plastic

plastic

plastic

plas·tic

plastic

plas·tic

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plastic

plas·tic

Plastic

Plastic

PLASTIC

plastic

Synonyms for plastic

adj false

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Antonyms

adj pliant

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Antonyms

Synonyms for plastic

adj capable of being shaped, bent, or drawn out, as by hammering or pressure

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adj changing easily, as in expression

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adj easily altered or influenced

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adj capable of withstanding stress without injury

Synonyms

adj marked by unnaturalness, pretension, and often a slavish love of fads

Synonyms

Synonyms for plastic

noun generic name for certain synthetic or semisynthetic materials that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or filaments or used for making e

Related Words

noun a card (usually plastic) that assures a seller that the person using it has a satisfactory credit rating and that the issuer will see to it that the seller receives payment for the merchandise delivered

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adj capable of being molded or modeled (especially of earth or clay or other soft material)

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adj capable of being influenced or formed

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adj forming or capable of forming or molding or fashioning

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