| 释义 |
shunt
shunt S0378900 (shŭnt)n.1. The act or process of turning aside or moving to an alternate course.2. A railroad switch.3. Electricity A low-resistance connection between two points in an electric circuit that forms an alternative path for a portion of the current. Also called bypass.4. Medicine A passage between two natural body channels, such as blood vessels, especially one created surgically to divert or permit flow from one pathway or region to another; a bypass.v. shunt·ed, shunt·ing, shunts v.tr.1. To turn or move aside or onto another course: shunting traffic around an accident.2. To evade by putting aside or ignoring: urgent problems that society can no longer shunt aside.3. To switch (a train or car) from one track to another.4. Electricity To provide or divert (current) by means of a shunt.5. Medicine To divert or permit flow of (a body fluid) from one pathway or region to another by surgical means.v.intr.1. To move or turn aside.2. Electricity To become diverted by means of a shunt. Used of a circuit.
[Middle English shunten, to flinch.]
shunt′er n.shunt (ʃʌnt) vb1. to turn or cause to turn to one side; move or be moved aside2. (Railways) railways to transfer (rolling stock) from track to track3. (Electronics) electronics to divert or be diverted through a shunt4. (tr) to evade by putting off onto someone else5. (Motor Racing) (tr) motor racing slang to crash (a car)n6. the act or an instance of shunting7. (Railways) a railway point8. (Electronics) electronics a low-resistance conductor connected in parallel across a device, circuit, or part of a circuit to provide an alternative path for a known fraction of the current9. (Medicine) med a channel that bypasses the normal circulation of the blood: a congenital abnormality or surgically induced10. (Automotive Engineering) informal Brit a collision which occurs when a vehicle runs into the back of the vehicle in front[C13: perhaps from shunen to shun]shunt (ʃʌnt)
v.t. 1. to force or turn aside or out of the way. 2. a. to divert (a part of an electrical current) by connecting a circuit element in parallel with another. b. to place or furnish with a shunt. 3. to shift (railroad rolling stock) from one track to another; switch. 4. to divert (blood or other fluid) by means of a shunt. v.i. 5. to turn to the side. 6. to move back and forth. n. 7. the act of shunting; shift. 8. a conducting element bridged across part of an electrical circuit so as to establish a parallel, alternative path for a portion of the current. 9. a railroad switch. 10. a channel through which blood or other bodily fluid is diverted from its normal path by surgical reconstruction or by a synthetic tube. [1175–1225; Middle English schunten to shy (of horses); obscurely akin to shun] shunt′er, n. shunt
Past participle: shunted
Gerund: shunting
| Present |
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| I shunt | | you shunt | | he/she/it shunts | | we shunt | | you shunt | | they shunt |
| Preterite |
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| I shunted | | you shunted | | he/she/it shunted | | we shunted | | you shunted | | they shunted |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am shunting | | you are shunting | | he/she/it is shunting | | we are shunting | | you are shunting | | they are shunting |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have shunted | | you have shunted | | he/she/it has shunted | | we have shunted | | you have shunted | | they have shunted |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was shunting | | you were shunting | | he/she/it was shunting | | we were shunting | | you were shunting | | they were shunting |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had shunted | | you had shunted | | he/she/it had shunted | | we had shunted | | you had shunted | | they had shunted |
| Future |
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| I will shunt | | you will shunt | | he/she/it will shunt | | we will shunt | | you will shunt | | they will shunt |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have shunted | | you will have shunted | | he/she/it will have shunted | | we will have shunted | | you will have shunted | | they will have shunted |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be shunting | | you will be shunting | | he/she/it will be shunting | | we will be shunting | | you will be shunting | | they will be shunting |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been shunting | | you have been shunting | | he/she/it has been shunting | | we have been shunting | | you have been shunting | | they have been shunting |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been shunting | | you will have been shunting | | he/she/it will have been shunting | | we will have been shunting | | you will have been shunting | | they will have been shunting |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been shunting | | you had been shunting | | he/she/it had been shunting | | we had been shunting | | you had been shunting | | they had been shunting |
| Conditional |
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| I would shunt | | you would shunt | | he/she/it would shunt | | we would shunt | | you would shunt | | they would shunt |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have shunted | | you would have shunted | | he/she/it would have shunted | | we would have shunted | | you would have shunted | | they would have shunted |
shuntA bypass, often used by surgeons to divert blood supply around an obstacle or obstruction.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | shunt - a passage by which a bodily fluid (especially blood) is diverted from one channel to another; "an arteriovenus shunt"passageway, passage - a path or channel or duct through or along which something may pass; "the nasal passages"bypass - a surgically created shunt (usually around a damaged part)portacaval shunt - shunt that is created surgically between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava so that blood from the abdominal organs can bypass the liver | | 2. |  shunt - a conductor having low resistance in parallel with another device to divert a fraction of the currentelectrical shunt, bypasscircuit, electric circuit, electrical circuit - an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flowconductor - a device designed to transmit electricity, heat, etc. | | 3. | shunt - implant consisting of a tube made of plastic or rubber; for draining fluids within the bodyimplant - a prosthesis placed permanently in tissue | | Verb | 1. | shunt - transfer to another track, of trainsshift, transfer - move around; "transfer the packet from his trouser pockets to a pocket in his jacket" | | 2. | shunt - provide with or divert by means of an electrical shuntdeviate - cause to turn away from a previous or expected course; "The river was deviated to prevent flooding" |
Translationsconduit collecteurconduit collectifcourt-circuitershuntsmistarederivatoreшунтshunt
shunt1. a railway point 2. Electronics a low-resistance conductor connected in parallel across a device, circuit, or part of a circuit to provide an alternative path for a known fraction of the current 3. Med a channel that bypasses the normal circulation of the blood: a congenital abnormality or surgically induced 4. Brit informal a collision which occurs when a vehicle runs into the back of the vehicle in front Shunt an electrical or magnetic conductor connected in parallel with an electric or magnetic circuit to divert part of the electric current or magnetic flux when it is undesirable or impossible to pass all the current or flux through the circuit. For example, when a shunt is used to extend the measuring range of an ammeter, the current Ix being measured is divided between the shunt and the ammeter in inverse proportion to their respective resistances, Rs and RA; in this case Ix = IA (1 + RA/RS) = IAks, where IA is the value of the current as determined from the ammeter readings and ks is the shunting factor. For convenience in making current measurements, the resistance of the shunt is chosen so that ks is equal to 10,100, or 1000. Shunts are manufactured in the form of plates, bands, and wires, primarily of manganin or constantan (for electrical shunts) or of a soft magnetic material (for magnetic shunts). shunt[shənt] (civil engineering) To shove or turn off to one side, as a car or train from one track to another. (electricity) A precision low-value resistor placed across the terminals of an ammeter to increase its range by allowing a known fraction of the circuit current to go around the meter. Also known as electric shunt. To place one part in parallel with another. parallel (electromagnetism) A piece of iron that provides a parallel path for magnetic flux around an air gap in a magnetic circuit. (medicine) A vascular passage by which blood is diverted from its normal circulatory path; frequently it is a surgical passage created between two blood vessels, but it may also be an anatomical feature. shuntTo divert, switch or bypass.shunt
shunt [shunt] 1. to turn to one side; to divert; to bypass.2. a passage or anastomosis between two natural channels, especially between blood vessels. Such structures may be formed physiologically (e.g., to bypass a thrombosis), or they may be structural anomalies.3. a surgical anastomosis.arteriovenous shunt a U-shaped plastic tube inserted between an artery and a vein (usually between the radial artery and cephalic vein), bypassing the capillary network, a formerly common means of arteriovenous access.cardiovascular shunt an abnormality of the blood flow between the sides of the heart or between the systemic and pulmonary circulation; see shunt" >left-to-right shunt and shunt" >right-to-left shunt.jejunoileal shunt an intestinal bypass performed to control obesity.left-to-right shunt diversion of blood from the left side of the heart to the right side, or from the systemic to the pulmonary circulation through an anomalous opening such as a septal defect or patent ductus arteriosus.LeVeen shunt peritoneovenous shunt.mesocaval shunt a portosystemic shunt between the superior mesenteric vein and the inferior vena cava to reduce portal hypertension.peritoneovenous shunt a device whose purpose is to remove excess ascitic fluid from the peritoneal cavity and return it to the venous system; called also LeVeen shunt.
The shunt consists of a peritoneal tube, a one-way valve, and a tube leading to a large vein, usually the superior vena cava or the jugular vein. The perforated peritoneal tube is placed in the peritoneal cavity and attached to the one-way valve which opens at a pressure of 3 cm H2O. The valve controls the direction of the flow of ascitic fluid and prevents a backflow of blood from the vein. A tube leading from the valve empties into the venous system.
The shunt is triggered into action by the patient's breathing. Upon inspiration, the diaphragm descends toward the abdominal cavity and causes a rise in fluid pressure in the thoracic superior vena cava. The difference in pressure, usually about 5 cm H2O, opens the shunt valve, allowing the flow of ascitic fluid into the large vein. The action of the shunt can be enhanced by the patient's inspiring against pressure, as when using a blow bottle.
A disadvantage of the shunt is dilution of the blood and a resultant drop in hematocrit, which necessitates transfusion of packed cells and perhaps a slowing of the rate of flow of ascitic fluid into the venous system. Other inherent risks are infection, leakage of ascitic fluid from the operative site, elevated bilirubin, gastrointestinal bleeding, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Peritoneovenous (LeVeen) shunt for chronic ascites moves fluid from the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity into the superior vena cava. From Ignatavicius and Workman, 2000.portacaval shunt a portosystemic shunt between the portal vein and the vena cava.portosystemic shunt a surgically created shunt that connects the portal and systemic circulations, such as a mesocaval, portacaval, or splenorenal shunt.postcaval shunt portacaval shunt.pulmonary shunt an anomaly in which blood moves from the venous circulation to the arterial circulation without participating in gas exchange, resulting in hypoxemia.reversed shunt right-to-left shunt.right-to-left shunt diversion of blood from the right side of the heart to the left side or from the pulmonary to the systemic circulation through an anomalous opening such as septal defect or patent ductus arteriosus.splenorenal shunt an anastomosis of the splenic vein and the left renal vein, created to lower portal hypertension following splenectomy.ventriculoatrial shunt the surgical creation of a communication between a cerebral ventricle and a cardiac atrium by means of a plastic tube; done for relief of hydrocephalus.ventriculoperitoneal shunt a communication between a cerebral ventricle and the peritoneum by means of plastic tubing; done for the relief of hydrocephalus.ventriculovenous shunt a communication between a lateral ventricle and the venous system by means of a plastic tube; done for relief of hydrocephalus.shunt (shŭnt), 1. To bypass or divert.
See also: bypass. 2. A bypass or diversion of fluid to another fluid-containing system by fistulation or a prosthetic device. The nomenclature commonly includes origin and terminus, for example, atriovenous, splenorenal, ventriculocisternal.
See also: bypass. [M.E. shunten, to flinch] shunt (shŭnt)n.1. The act or process of turning aside or moving to an alternate course.2. Medicine A passage between two natural body channels, such as blood vessels, especially one created surgically to divert or permit flow from one pathway or region to another; a bypass.v. shunted, shunting, shunts v.tr. Medicine To divert or permit flow of (a body fluid) from one pathway or region to another by surgical means.
shunt′er n.shunt The diversion of the flow of a fluid—in particular blood, but also cerebrospinal fluid—from its normal route to another, which may be accidental, as in a traumatic arterio-venous aneurysm, or by design (e.g., portocaval shunt or ventriculoperitoneal shunt).shunt The diversion of the flow of a fluid from its normal pathway to another, which may be accidental, as in a traumatic AV aneurysm, or by design–eg, portocaval shunt or ventriculoperitoneal shunt. See Arteriovenous shunt, Nodovenous shunt, Denver shunt, Distal splenorenal shunt, LeVeen shunt, Perfusion shunt, Portacaval shunt, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Pediatric cardiology Bypassing the pulmonary circulation–shunting is a normal physiologic process in utero; it becomes abnormal after birth Types1. Those in which already oxygenated blood in the left heart passes back into the right heart–left-to-right shunt and.2. Those which partially bypass the lungs, with venous blood directly entering the systemic circulation–right-to-left shunt Shunt-acyanotic, cyanotic L→R shunt Acyanotic shunt Right and left sides of the heart communicate by an ASD or VSD and PDA; the blood flows from the region of highest–left heart to lowest–right heart and systemic circulation pressure, as occurs in VSDs and corrected transposition of great arteries; since the blood does not bypass the pulmonary circulation, it is well oxygenated Clinical The plethora of blood causes pulmonary congestion and HTN that becomes significant when the pulmonary blood flow is 1.5-2.0-fold greater than the systemic flow with diastolic overloading and cardiac dilatation which, without correction, results in cardiac failure; a late complication is bacterial pneumonia related to stasis within the pulmonary circulation; L →R shunts may be created surgically–eg, Blalock procedure R→L shunt Cyanotic shunt Variable degree of pulmonary circulation bypass accompanied by obstruction of blood flow into the pulmonary circulation R→L shunts Fallot's tetralogy–VSD, pulmonary valve stenosis, overriding or dextroposed aorta and 2º right ventricular hypertrophy, transposition of great vessels, tricuspid valve atresia, truncus arteriosus and total anomalous return of pulmonary veins; pulmonary blood flow is less than in L→R shunts Clinical Cyanosis with limited exercise tolerance, neurologic damage and compensatory polycythemia; as children, these Pts are often very sick and by adolescence may suffer acquired coagulopathies
.shunt (shŭnt) 1. To bypass or divert. 2. A bypass or diversion of fluid to another fluid-containing system by fistulation or a prosthetic device. The nomenclature commonly includes origin and terminus, e.g., atriovenous, splenorenal, ventriculocisternal.
See also: bypass[M.E. shunten, to flinch]shuntS08-858260 (shunt) [ME. shunten, to avoid] 1. To turn away from; to divert.2. An anomalous passage or one artificially constructed to divert flow from one main route to another.3. An electric conductor connecting two points in a circuit to form a parallel circuit through which a portion of the current may pass.anatomical shuntA normal or abnormal direct connection between arterial and venous circulation. An example of a normal anatomical shunt is the bronchial and thebesian vein connection. arteriovenous shuntAn abnormal connection between an artery and the venous system.Blalock-Taussig shunt See: Blalock-Taussig shuntcardiovascular shuntAn abnormal connection between the cavities of the heart or between the systemic and pulmonary vessels. DIALYSIS SHUNTdialysis shuntAn arteriovenous shunt created for use during renal dialysis. See: illustrationleft-to-right shuntThe passage of blood from the left side of the heart to the right side through an abnormal opening (e.g., a septal defect).physiological shuntThe route by which pulmonary blood perfuses unventilated alveoli. This process is caused by an imbalance between ventilation and perfusion. pleuroperitoneal shuntA conduit connecting the pleural space and the peritoneum, used to drain recurring pleural effusions, such as those that accumulate in patients with certain cancers in the chest. Synonym: Denver shuntportacaval shuntSurgical creation of a connection between the portal vein and the vena cava. Synonym: postcaval shuntpostcaval shuntPortacaval shunt.reversed shuntRight-to-left shunt.right-to-left shuntThe movement of blood or other body fluids backward through a shunt. The shunted blood has no opportunity to become oxygenated because of failure to pass through the lungs. transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Abbreviation: TIPS
A shunt that is inserted through the skin, jugular vein, and liver and then into the portal venous system to manage complications of portal hypertension, such as bleeding caused by esophageal varices or uncontrollable ascites. The shunt decreases pressure within the portal venous circulation (e.g., in patients with cirrhosis), bypassing the liver and allowing portal blood to flow directly into the vena cava. A common complication of the procedure is altered mental status, since blood that was previously detoxified by the liver is directed around it. shunt Any bypassing or sidetracking of flow, especially of fluid such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid. A shunt may be the result of disease or may be surgically induced, or inserted as a prosthesis, to effect treatment.ShuntA small tube placed in a ventricle of the brain to direct cerebrospinal fluid away from the blockage into another part of the body.Mentioned in: Cardiac Catheterization, Hydrocephalusshunt (shŭnt) 1. To bypass or divert. 2. Bypass or diversion of fluid to another fluid-containing system by fistulation or a prosthetic device. [M.E. shunten, to flinch]FinancialSeeRAcronymsSeeSHNTshunt
Related to shunt: Shunt resistorSynonyms for shuntnoun a passage by which a bodily fluid (especially blood) is diverted from one channel to anotherRelated Words- passageway
- passage
- bypass
- portacaval shunt
noun a conductor having low resistance in parallel with another device to divert a fraction of the currentSynonymsRelated Words- circuit
- electric circuit
- electrical circuit
- conductor
noun implant consisting of a tube made of plastic or rubberRelated Wordsverb transfer to another track, of trainsRelated Wordsverb provide with or divert by means of an electrical shuntRelated Words |