recycling
re·cy·cling
R5102350 (rē-sī′kə-lĭng, -klĭng)recycling
(ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ)recycling
| Noun | 1. |  recycling - the act of processing used or abandoned materials for use in creating new products |
| 单词 | recycling | |||
| 释义 | recyclingre·cy·clingR5102350 (rē-sī′kə-lĭng, -klĭng)recycling(ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ)recycling
recycling→ 再生zhCNrecyclingrecycling,the process of recovering and reusing waste products—from household use, manufacturing, agriculture, and business—and thereby reducing their burden on the environment. During World War I and World War II, shortages of essential materials led to collection drives for silk, rubber, and other commodities. In recent years the environmental benefits of recycling have become a major component of waste management programs.Waste Disposal and RecyclingFor many years direct recycling by producers of surplus and defective materials constituted the main form of recycling. However, indirect recycling, the recycling of materials after their use by consumers, became the focus of activity in the 1990s. For some time, most solid wastesolid waste, A growing alternative to such disposal is recycling. Industry has found that when it undertakes serious recycling programs, the savings can sometimes be considerable. In addition to reducing manufacturing and materials costs, such programs can insulate the companies from liability for environmental violations. Agriculture, which is the cause of much environmental degradation, can use organic recycling, or the reuse of manure and crop residues (sometimes called "green manure"). Water, in one sense, is always recycled, inasmuch as there is a finite amount of it available on earth and it constantly moves through its cycle of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. Deliberate programs for recycling water include use of wetlands as areas to filter harmful wastes from the substance, or using partly treated sewage for raising fish. Municipal sewage- and water-treatment plants, of course, are fundamental recycling agents. The individual consumer plays a large part in recycling. Originally, household containers such as beverage cans and bottles were recycled as a matter of course, with a glass beer container or milk bottle being refilled as many as 30 times; in 1935, brewers began putting their products in nonrefillable, "one-way" cans for the convenience of customers, and soon glass containers were declared disposable as well. With the rise of environmentalismenvironmentalism, Use of Recycled MaterialsIn 1996, 27% of solid waste in the United States was recycled. Products that are recycled in large quantities include paper and paperboard, ferrous metals, aluminum and other nonferrous metals, glass, plastics, and yard wastes. Although many local communities have instituted comprehensive recycling programs, these remain expensive. Because the quality of recycled items is often inferior (often due to the mixture or age of the materials in the items being recycled) and not suitable for their original purpose, the price for many recycled materials remains low and makes recycling economically nonviable in some instances. In an attempt to solve this problem, new uses have been created for recovered waste material. Crushed glass, for instance, can be substituted for gravel or sand in road surfacing and other construction applications; the resulting product is called "glassphalt." Scientists and entrepreneurs are also working on ways to turn the world's growing piles of discarded automobile tires into new products or to use them to generate safe energy. BibliographySee R. E. Easterling, Reuse of Disposables (1983); W. U. Chandler, Materials Recycling (1983); C. Polprasert, Organic Waste Recycling (1989). Recyclingrecycling[rē′sīk·liŋ]recyclingrecyclingthe reprocessing of materials, containers and goods which would otherwise have been thrown away, to be used in the manufacture of some other product; for example the pulping of old newspapers to produce egg boxes and writing paper, and the melting down of used metal drinks cans to make new containers.Recycling can help businesses keep their production costs down since materials which are recycled are generally less expensive than primary raw materials, and it helps the economy by conserving scarce natural resources and saving on energy costs: recycling paper preserves forests and is estimated to result in a 70% saving of energy compared to processing new timber. Recycling also helps control environmental POLLUTION by reducing the need for waste dumps. recyclingthe reprocessing of materials, containers and goods that would otherwise have been thrown away in the manufacture of some other product, for example, the pulping of old newspapers to produce egg boxes and writing paper or the melting down of used metal drinks cans to make new containers.Recycling can help businesses keep their production costs down since materials that are recycled are generally less expensive than using primary raw materials, and it helps the economy by serving to conserve scarce natural resources and save on energy costs: recycling paper preserves forests and is estimated to result in a 70% energy saving compared to processing new timber. Recycling also helps control environmental POLLUTION by reducing the need for waste dumps. recycling
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