Banjermasin

feudal principality (sultanate) in the southeast of the island of Kalimantan (Borneo) from the 12th through the 19th centuries. It was founded in the 12th century by an émigré from India, Ampu Jatmika. It was subject to the Majapahit Empire from the 14th century. In the early 16th century it became a vassal of Demak, a Muslim principality of Java. The Dutch East India Company organized several expeditions to Banjermasin and imposed a number of inequitable treaties on it in the 17th century. In 1787 the company elevated to the throne its protege, who recognized its leadership. A powerful anti-Dutch uprising (the so-called Banjermasin War) unfolded in the 19th century. In 1860 the Dutch proclaimed the liquidation of the sultan’s regime and the transfer of the government of the principality to the Dutch administration. Banjermasin was turned into one of the districts of the province of South and East Borneo. The anti-Dutch movement continued in Banjermasin, with interruptions, until the early 20th century. Since 1945 it has been part of the territory of the Republic of Indonesia.