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单词 joint tenancy
释义

Joint tenancy


(Law) a tenure by two or more persons of estate by unity of interest, title, time, and possession, under which the survivor takes the whole.

See also: Joint

joint tenancy


joint tenancy

Ownership of property by two or more persons in which, upon the death of one, his interest devolves upon the other or others until a sole owner survives.

joint tenancy


Related to joint tenancy: Joint Tenancy With Right of Survivorship

Joint Tenancy

A type of ownership of real or Personal Property by two or more persons in which each owns an undivided interest in the whole.

In estate law, joint tenancy is a special form of ownership by two or more persons of the same property. The individuals, who are called joint tenants, share equal ownership of the property and have the equal, undivided right to keep or dispose of the property. Joint tenancy creates a Right of Survivorship. This right provides that if any one of the joint tenants dies, the remainder of the property is transferred to the survivors. Descended from common-law tradition, joint tenancy is closely related to two other forms of concurrent property ownership: Tenancy in Common, a less restrictive form of ownership that sometimes results when joint tenancies cease to exist, and Tenancy by the Entirety, a special form of joint tenancy for married couples.

Joint tenants usually share ownership of land, but the property may instead be money or other items. Four main features mark this type of ownership: (1) The joint tenants own an undivided interest in the property as a whole; each share is equal, and no one joint tenant can ever have a larger share. (2) The estates of the joint tenants are vested (meaning fixed and unalterable by any condition) for exactly the same period of time—in this case, the tenants' lifetime. (3) The joint tenants hold their property under the same title. (4) The joint tenants all enjoy the same rights until one of them dies. Under the right of survivorship, the death of one joint tenant automatically transfers the remainder of the property in equal parts to the survivors. When only one joint tenant is left alive, he or she receives the entire estate.

If the joint tenants mutually agree to sell the property, they must equally divide the proceeds of the sale. Because disagreement over the disposition of property is common, courts sometimes intervene to divide the property equally among the owners. If one joint tenant decides to convey her or his interest in the property to a new owner, the joint tenancy is broken and the new owner has a tenancy in common.

Tenancy in common is a form of concurrent ownership that can be created by deed, will, or operation of law. Several features distinguish it from joint tenancy: A tenant in common may have a larger share of property than the other tenants. The tenant is also free to dispose of his or her share without the restrictive conditions placed on a joint tenancy. Unlike joint tenancy, tenancy in common has no right of survivorship. Thus, no other tenant in common is entitled to receive a share of the property upon a tenant in common's death; instead, the property goes to the deceased's heirs.

Tenancy by the entirety is a form of joint tenancy that is available only to a Husband and Wife. It can be created only by will or by deed. As a form of joint tenancy that also creates a right of survivorship, it allows the property to pass automatically to the surviving spouse when a spouse dies. In addition, tenancy by the entirety protects a spouse's interest in the property from the other spouse's creditors. It differs from joint tenancy in one major respect: neither party can voluntarily dispose of her or his interest in the property. In the event of Divorce, the tenancy by the entirety becomes a tenancy in common, and the right of survivorship is lost.

Cross-references

Real Property.

joint tenancy

n. a crucial relationship in the ownership of real property, which provides that each party owns an undivided interest in the entire parcel, with both having the right to use all of it and the right of survivorship, which means that upon the death of one joint tenant, the other has title to it all. Procedurally, on the death of one joint tenant, title in the survivor is completed by recording an "affidavit of death of joint tenant," describing the property and the deceased tenant, with a death certificate attached, all of which is sworn to by the surviving joint tenant. This process avoids probate of the property, but may have some tax consequences which should be explored with an accountant at the time of recording the original deed. If the owners do not want full title to the property to pass to the survivor, then joint tenancy should not be used. Joint tenancy (as well as any other common ownership) between a parent and a minor child should be avoided since the property cannot be transferred in the future without the parent becoming appointed a guardian of the child's estate by court petition, and the property and the proceeds therefrom will be under court control until the child is 18. In community property states, some courts have found that joint tenancy presumes that the property is not community property, (which could result in loss of estate tax limitation on the death of the first spouse to die), but proof of community interests can be established. A bank account held in joint tenancy also presumes a right of survivorship, but this presumption can be overcome by evidence that the account was really the property of only one, and the joint tenancy was for convenience. (See: community property, title)

joint tenancy

concurrent ownership of land (or other property) by two or more persons having identical interests with the quality of survivorship (i.e. if one co-owner dies the property automatically vests in the surviving joint tenant(s)).

Joint Tenancy


Joint Tenancy

1. See: Joint tenants with right of survivorship.

2. See: Joint tenants in common.

joint tenancy

A short version of the term “joint tenants with right of survivorship.”A method of taking title to real property;commonly used by husbands and wives,or by others,as an estate planning tool.The parties each own a fractional share and,at the same time,own the whole of the property.If a joint tenant dies,the others do not inherit that tenant's share,but simply see the removal of an obstacle in the way of taking everything.This is a subtle point,but it is the heart of the estate planning tool—no one inherits anything as a result of the death of the other joint tenant(s).As a result, the property does not pass through probate and cannot be used to satisfy claims against the estate of the decedent. However,

• The property may be includable in one owner's estate for purposes of calculating estate taxes. The rules are different depending on whether the parties were married or not.

• A joint tenancy may be destroyed if one owner transfers his or her interest to a third party. If that happens, the new owner becomes a tenant in common, not a joint tenant. If there were originally more than two joint tenants, the remaining ones may still be joint tenants as to each other's interest.

Joint Tenancy

A form of joint ownership under which two or more individuals own property. Each tenant has an undivided interest in the entire property. On the death of one of the owners, the survivors become the owner of the entire property. persons. Also see "Tenancy by the Entireties" and "Tenancy in Common."
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更新时间:2024/12/23 17:25:48