hypoxia

hy·pox·i·a

H0371200 (hī-pŏk′sē-ə, hĭ-)n.1. Deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching body tissues.2. Depletion of dissolved oxygen in aquatic environments to levels that are detrimental or fatal to aerobic organisms, often caused by eutrophication.

hy·pox′ic adj.

hypoxia

(haɪˈpɒksɪə) n (Pathology) deficiency in the amount of oxygen delivered to the body tissues[C20: from hypo- + oxy-² +-ia] hypoxic adj

hy•pox•i•a

(haɪˈpɒk si ə)
n. an abnormal condition of the body in which oxygen intake or use is inadequate. [1940–45; hyp- + ox(y)-² + -ia] hy•pox′ic, adj.

Thesaurus

Noun

hypoxia - oxygen deficiency causing a very strong drive to correct the deficiencydrive - a physiological state corresponding to a strong need or desireanemic hypoxia - hypoxia resulting from a decreased concentration of hemoglobinhypoxic hypoxia - hypoxia resulting from defective oxygenation of the blood in the lungsischemic hypoxia, stagnant hypoxia - hypoxia resulting from slow peripheral circulation (such as follows congestive cardiac failure)asphyxia - a condition in which insufficient or no oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged on a ventilatory basis; caused by choking or drowning or electric shock or poison gasaltitude sickness - effects (as nosebleed or nausea) of oxygen deficiency in the blood and tissues at high altitudesanoxia - severe hypoxia; absence of oxygen in inspired gases or in arterial blood or in the tissuesasphyxiation, suffocation - the condition of being deprived of oxygen (as by having breathing stopped); "asphyxiation is sometimes used as a form of torture"

Translations

hypoxia

[hī′päk·sē·ə] (ecology) A condition characterized by a low level of dissolved oxygen in an aquatic environment. (medicine) Oxygen deficiency; any state wherein a physiologically inadequate amount of oxygen is available to or is utilized by tissue, without respect to cause or degree. Also known as hypoxemia.

Hypoxia

(oxygen starvation, oxygen deficiency), the lowering of the oxygen content of the tissues. The pathological condition that arises during hypoxia results from the tissues’ receiving a smaller supply of oxygen than they require (in cases of hypoxemia—lowered oxygen content of the blood). It may also arise when the tissues’ capacity to use oxygen is less than their need for oxygen. Irreversible changes take place in vital organs as a result of hypoxia. The central nervous system, heart muscle, and kidney and liver tissues are the most sensitive to oxygen deficiency.

Various hypoxic states are distinguished according to the classification adopted in 1949 at a conference on hypoxia in Kiev. Hypoxic hypoxia is a form of oxygen deficiency caused by a decrease in the oxygen content of inhaled air (for example, when climbing a mountain), by the difficulty of oxygen penetrating into the blood from the lungs because they are diseased and the air passages are obstructed, and by respiratory disturbances. Hemic hypoxia—which arises when the amount of hemoglobin capable of incorporating oxygen is reduced (decreased oxygen capacity of the blood)—develops after loss of blood, carbon monoxide poisoning, and exposure to radiation. Circulatory hypoxia occurs in cases of circulatory disorders that reduce the amount of blood flowing to the tissues per unit of time. Tissue hypoxia is a form of oxygen deficiency that is associated with changes in the activity of the respiratory enzymes. As a result of these changes the tissues are prevented from using the oxygen present in the blood that bathes them. (Tissue hypoxia develops in cases of disturbances of vitamin metabolism and in certain types of poisoning, such as cyanide.)

Hypoxia may be acute or chronic, depending on the rate at which it intensifies. In acute hypoxia, the functioning of the higher sections of the central nervous system is the first to be affected. In chronic hypoxia, the first to be affected is the functioning of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and circulatory systems. Resistance to hypoxia can be increased by training in a pressure chamber or in the mountains. Under these conditions the body develops a number of adaptive mechanisms, including reflex intensification of respiration and blood circulation, increase in the number of red blood cells as a result of their escaping from the blood depots, and increased hemoglobin content of red blood cells. These adaptations improve the individual’s sense of well-being and increase his work capacity under conditions of oxygen deficiency. It has been found that increased resistance to a given injurious factor simultaneously increases resistance to other adverse influences. For example, as the body becomes more resistant to acute hypoxia, it becomes more resistant to acceleration, ionizing radiation, heat, and great physical exertion.

REFERENCE

Barbashova, Z. I. Akklimatizatsiia k gipoksii i ee fiziologicheskie mekhanizmy. Moscow-Leningrad, 1960.
Petrov, I. R. Kislorodnoe golodanie golovnogo mozga. [Leningrad] 1949.

N. A. AGADZHANIAN

hypoxia

A state of oxygen deficiency in the body sufficient to cause an impairment of body function. It is caused by the reduction in partial pressure of oxygen, inadequate oxygen transport, or the inability of the tissue to use oxygen. In flying, hypoxia is mostly caused by a lower partial pressure of oxygen.

See

hypoxia

[hi-pok´se-ah] diminished availability of oxygen" >oxygen to the body tissues; its causes are many and varied and includes a deficiency of oxygen in the atmosphere, as in altitude sickness; pulmonary disorders that interfere with adequate ventilation of the lungs; anemia or circulatory deficiencies, leading to inadequate transport and delivery of oxygen to the tissues; and finally, edema or other abnormal conditions of the tissues themselves that impair the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between capillaries and tissues. adj., adj hypox´ic.
Signs and symptoms vary according to the cause. Generally they include dyspnea, rapid pulse, syncope, and mental disturbances such as delirium or euphoria. cyanosis is not always present and in some cases is not evident until the hypoxia is far advanced. The localized pain of angina pectoris due to hypoxia occurs because of impaired oxygenation of the myocardium. Discoloration of the skin and eventual ulceration that sometimes accompany varicose veins are a result of hypoxia of the involved tissues.
The treatment of hypoxia depends on the primary cause but usually includes administration of oxygen by inhalation (see oxygen therapy). In some vascular diseases, administration of vasodilators may help increase circulation, hence oxygen supply, to the tissues.affinity hypoxia hypoxia resulting from failure of the hemoglobin to release oxygen to the tissues, as may occur with a left-shifted oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.anemic hypoxia hypoxia due to reduction of the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood as a result of a decrease in the total hemoglobin or an alteration of the hemoglobin constituents.circulatory hypoxia stagnant hypoxia.histotoxic hypoxia that due to impaired utilization of oxygen by tissues, as in cyanide poisoning.hypoxemic hypoxia (hypoxic hypoxia) that due to insufficient oxygen reaching the blood, as at the decreased barometric pressures of high altitudes.stagnant hypoxia that due to failure to transport sufficient oxygen because of inadequate blood flow, as in heart failure.

hy·pox·i·a

(hī-pok'sē-ă), Decrease below normal levels of oxygen in inspired gases, arterial blood, or tissue, without reaching anoxia. [hypo- + oxygen]

hypoxia

(hī-pŏk′sē-ə, hĭ-)n.1. Deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching body tissues.2. Depletion of dissolved oxygen in aquatic environments to levels that are detrimental or fatal to aerobic organisms, often caused by eutrophication.

hy·pox′ic adj.

hypoxia

Cardiology A low O₂ concentration in arterial blood. See Cerebral hypoxia.

hy·pox·i·a

(hī-pok'sē-ă) Lower than normal levels of oxygen in inspired gases, arterial blood, or tissue, short of anoxia.

hypoxia

Deficiency of oxygen in the tissues. Local hypoxia can lead to GANGRENE; general hypoxia to the death of the individual. Hypoxia occurs mainly as a result of obstructive artery disease, especially ATHEROSCLEROSIS. It may also occur from respiratory disease that prevents access of oxygen to the blood, ANAEMIA, certain forms of poisoning and suffocation.

hypoxia

the reduction of oxygen levels.

Hypoxia

Hypoxia, or altitude sickness, reduces the amount of oxygen in the brain causing such symptoms as dizziness, shortness of breath, and mental confusion.Mentioned in: Altitude Sickness, Anesthesia, General, Aviation Medicine, Electronic Fetal Monitoring, Inhalation Therapies, Ventricular Fibrillation

hypoxia

An inadequate supply of oxygen to tissues. It may occur in some pathological conditions. Examples: in long-standing cases of diabetes there is corneal hypoxia (with consequent high epithelial fragility and some neovascularization) and retinal hypoxia (with consequent neovascularization). Corneal hypoxia (with consequent oedema, loss of sensitivity, etc.) may also occur in contact lens wear. See anoxia; epithelial microcysts; mitosis; oedema; critical oxygen requirement; proliferative retinopathy; corneal exhaustion syndrome; overwear syndrome; tear pumping.

hy·pox·i·a

(hī-pok'sē-ă) Decreased below normal levels of oxygen in inspired gases, arterial blood, or tissue, without reaching anoxia. [hypo- + oxygen]

hypoxia

hy·pox·i·a

hypoxia

hy•pox•i•a

hypoxia

hypoxia

Hypoxia

REFERENCE

hypoxia

hypoxia

hypoxia

hy·pox·i·a

hypoxia

hypoxia

hy·pox·i·a

hypoxia

hypoxia

Hypoxia

hypoxia

hy·pox·i·a

hypoxia

Words related to hypoxia

noun oxygen deficiency causing a very strong drive to correct the deficiency

Related Words