| 单词 | ibuprofen | |||
| 释义 | ibuprofeni·bu·pro·fenI0005750 (ī′byo͞o-prō′fən)ibuprofen(aɪbjuːˈprəʊfən)i•bu•pro•fen(ˌaɪ byuˈproʊ fən)n. i·bu·pro·fen(ī′byo͞o-prō′fən)
ibuprofenibuprofen(ī`byo͞oprō'fən), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that reduces pain, fever, and inflammation. Along with naproxennaproxenand naproxen sodium, potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) used to alleviate the minor pain of arthritis, menstruation, headaches, and the like, and to reduce fever. ..... Click the link for more information. and ketoprofenketoprofen , nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and fever-reducing effects, used to relieve the symptoms of headaches, arthritis, and painful menstruation. ..... Click the link for more information. , ibuprofen belongs to the propionic acid class of NSAIDs. It was first made available in 1967. Like other NSAIDs, it acts by inhibiting the body's production of prostaglandinsprostaglandin , any of a group of about a dozen compounds synthesized from fatty acids in mammals as well as in lower animals. Prostaglandins are highly potent substances that are not stored but are produced as needed by cell membranes in virtually every body tissue. ..... Click the link for more information. . Available over the counter in a variety of preparations (e.g., Advil, Motrin, Nuprin), it is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and painful menstruation. Side effects include rash, alteration of platelet function and bleeding, and intestinal upset, which can lead to gastritis. Like other NSAIDS, it appears to have no potential for abuse or physical dependence. It should not be used by those who are allergic to aspirin. ibuprofenibuprofen[i-bu´pro-fen]ibuprofenPharmacologic class: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Therapeutic class: Analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory Pregnancy risk category B (third trimester: D) FDA Box Warning• Drug may increase risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Risk may increase with duration of use, and may be greater in patients who have cardiovascular disease or risk factors for it. • Drug is contraindicated for perioperative pain in setting of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. • Drug increases risk of serious GI adverse events, including bleeding, ulcers, and stomach or intestinal perforation, which can be fatal. These events can occur at any time during therapy and without warning. Elderly patients are at greater risk. ActionUnknown. Thought to inhibit cyclooxygenase, an enzyme needed for prostaglandin synthesis. AvailabilityCapsules (liquigels): 200 mg Injection: 400 mg/4-ml, 800 mg/8-ml vials Oral suspension: 100 mg/5 ml Pediatric drops: 50 mg/1.25 ml Tablets: 100 mg, 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, 800 mg Tablets (chewable): 50 mg, 100 mg Indications and dosages➣ Rheumatoid arthritis; osteoarthritis Adults: 1.2 to 3.2 g/day P.O. in three to four divided doses ➣ Mild to moderate pain Adults: 400 mg P.O. q 4 to 6 hours p.r.n. or 400 to 800 mg I.V. over 30 minutes q 6 hours, as necessary ➣ Moderate to severe pain as adjunct to opioid analgesics Adults: 400 to 800 mg I.V. over 30 minutes q 6 hours, as necessary ➣ Fever reduction Adults: 400 mg I.V. over 30 minutes, followed by 400 mg P.O. q 4 to 6 hours or 100 to 200 mg P.O. q 4 hours as necessary ➣ Primary dysmenorrhea Adults: 400 mg P.O. q 4 hours p.r.n. ➣ Juvenile arthritis Children: 30 to 40 mg/kg/day P.O. in three or four divided doses. Daily dosages above 50 mg/kg aren't recommended. ➣ Fever reduction; pain relief Children ages 6 to 12: 5 mg/kg P.O. if temperature is below 102.5 °F (39.2 °C) or 10 mg/kg if temperature is above 102.5 °F. Maximum daily dosage is 40 mg/kg. Off-label uses• Migraine and tension headaches Contraindications• Hypersensitivity to drug or other NSAIDs • Perioperative use in coronary artery bypass graft surgery PrecautionsUse cautiously in: • severe cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic disease; GI disease; asthma; chronic alcohol use • elderly patients • pregnant (avoid use after 30 weeks' gestation) or breastfeeding patients • children younger than age 17 (safety and efficacy not established). Administration• Ideally, give oral form 1 hour before or 2 hours after meal. If GI upset occurs, give with meals. • Be aware that patients must be well hydrated before I.V. form is administered. • Dilute injection form before administering.  Adverse reactionsCNS: headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nervousness, aseptic meningitis CV: hypertension, arrhythmias EENT: amblyopia, blurred vision, tinnitus GI: nausea, vomiting, constipation, dyspepsia, abdominal discomfort, GI bleeding GU: cystitis, hematuria, azotemia, renal failure Hematologic: anemia, prolonged bleeding time, aplastic anemia, neutropenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis Hepatic: hepatitis Metabolic: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia Respiratory: bronchospasm Skin: rash, pruritus, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome Other: edema, allergic reactions including anaphylaxis InteractionsDrug-drug. Antihypertensives, diuretics: decreased efficacy of these drugs Aspirin and other NSAIDs, corticosteroids: additive adverse GI effects Cefamandole, cefoperazone, cefotetan, drugs affecting platelet function (including abciximab, clopidogrel, eptifibatide, ticlopidine, tirofiban), plicamycin, thrombolytics, valproic acid, warfarin: increased risk of bleeding Cyclosporine: increased risk of nephrotoxicity Digoxin: slightly increased digoxin blood level Lithium: increased lithium blood level, greater risk of lithium toxicity Methotrexate: increased risk of methotrexate toxicity Probenecid: increased risk of ibuprofen toxicity Drug-diagnostic tests. Alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, potassium: increased values Bleeding time: prolonged Creatinine clearance, glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin, platelets, white blood cells: decreased values Drug-herbs. Anise, arnica, chamomile, clove, dong quai, fenugreek, feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng, licorice: increased risk of bleeding White willow: additive adverse GI effects Drug-behaviors. Alcohol use: additive adverse GI effects Sun exposure: phototoxicity Patient monitoring• Monitor for desired effect. • Watch for GI upset, adverse CNS effects (such as headache and drowsiness), and hypersensitivity reaction. • Stay alert for GI bleeding and ulcers, especially in long-term therapy. • In long-term therapy, assess renal and hepatic function regularly. • Monitor blood pressure closely during treatment. Patient teaching• Tell patient to take oral drug with full glass of water, with food, or after meals to minimize GI upset. • To help prevent esophageal irritation, instruct patient to avoid lying down for 30 to 60 minutes after taking dose. See Instruct patient to immediately report irregular heartbeats, black tarry stools, vision changes, unusual tiredness, yellowing of skin or eyes, change in urination pattern, difficulty breathing, finger or ankle swelling, weight gain, itching, rash, fever, or sore throat. • Caution patient to avoid driving and other hazardous activities until he knows how drug affects concentration, alertness, and balance. • As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs, tests, herbs, and behaviors mentioned above. i·bu·pro·fen(ī'bū-prō'fen),ibuprofen(ī′byo͞o-prō′fən)ibuprofenAdvil®, Motrin®, Rufen® Therapeutics An OTC oral NSAID tightly bound to albumin, excreted through the kidneys T1/2 2 hrs Indications Headaches, muscle or joint pain associated with anxiety disorders. See NSAIDs.ibuprofenA painkilling (analgesic) drug with anti-inflammatory properties, useful in mild rheumatic and muscular disorders and in the relief of menstrual pain. The drug is on the WHO official list. Brand names are Brufen, Fenbid Spansule and Motrin. Brand names of preparations for external use include Deep Relief, Fenbid Gel, Ibugel, Ibuspray and Proflex.i·bu·pro·fen(ī'byū-prō'fen)See IB ibuprofen
Synonyms for ibuprofen
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ibuprofen - a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic medicine (trade names Advil and Motrin and Nuprin) used to relieve the pain of arthritis and as an antipyretic; "daily use of ibuprofen can irritate the stomach"