Early symptoms include foreign body sensation in the oral cavity, undefined paraesthesia, and sialorrhoea.
Salvatore Martellucci, Giulio Pagliuca, Marco de Vincentiis, Chiara Rosato, EttoreScaini, Camilla Gallipoli, Andrea Gallo 2013, 'Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Tongue Base Mimicking an Ectopic Thyroid', Case Reports in Otolaryngologyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/925630. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Sialorrhoea was present in 33/298 cases (11%).
Liesel L. van der Merwe, Jevan Christie, Sarah J. Clift, Eran Dvir 2012, 'Salivary gland enlargement and sialorrhoea in dogs with spirocercosis: A retrospectiveand prospective study of 298 cases', Journal of the South African Veterinary Associationhttp://www.jsava.co.za/index.php/jsava/article/view/920. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)