单词 | shell | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 | shell1 nounshell2 verb shellshell1 /ʃel/ ●●● S3 W3 noun [countable] Word OriginWORD ORIGINshell1 ExamplesOrigin: Old English sciellEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorto stop being shy► come out of your shell Collocations to become less shy and more willing to talk to people, especially as the result of an experience that has made you more confident: · When he first joined the company he was very quiet but now he's come out of his shell a lot.· Her manner is a little diffident, but she'll soon come out of her shell with a little encouragement. ► bring somebody out of their shell to make someone less shy and more willing to talk to other people: · Emma was always such a shy girl, but these drama classes have really brought her out of her shell.· If Nick stayed with you this vacation, perhaps it would bring him out of his shell a little. ► open up to gradually stop being shy, and become more willing to talk about yourself: · On our third date Melissa began to open up and told me about her family and about the years she spent in Italy.open up to: · Many people find it easier to open up to a trained professional, such as a counsellor. WORD SETS► Biologyaerobic, adjectiveafterbirth, nounalgae, nounalimentary canal, nounamber, nounameba, nounamino acid, nounamoeba, nounanaconda, nounanaerobic, adjectiveandrogynous, adjectiveantibody, nounantigen, nounantitoxin, nounappendage, nounarm, nounarmour, nounasexual, adjectiveassimilation, nounatrophy, verbaviary, nounbacteria, nounbacteriology, nounbarnacle, nounbile, nounbinocular vision, nounbio-, prefixbiochemistry, nounbiodegradable, adjectivebiodiversity, nounbiohazard, nounbiological, adjectivebiological clock, nounbiology, nounbiomass, nounbiome, nounbiosphere, nounblind, nounbrain, nounbreathe, verbbreed, verbbreed, nounbreeding, nounbristle, nounbulb, nouncapsule, nouncarbohydrate, nouncarbon dioxide, nouncarnivore, nouncell, nouncellular, adjectivecellulose, nouncentral nervous system, nouncervical, adjectivecholesterol, nounchromosome, nouncirculation, nouncirculatory, adjectiveclass, nounclone, nouncold-blooded, adjectiveconceive, verbconch, nounconnective tissue, nouncopulate, verbcoral reef, nouncornea, nouncoronary, adjectivecorpuscle, nouncortex, nouncortisone, nouncowrie, nouncrab, nouncrawfish, nouncrayfish, nouncreature, nouncross, verbcrossbreed, nounculture, nouncytoplasm, noundecay, verbdecay, noundecompose, verbdefecate, verbdenizen, noundextrose, noundiaphragm, noundigest, verbdigestion, noundigestive, adjectiveDNA, noundorsal, adjectivedry rot, nounduct, noundwarf, noundwarf, adjectiveecological, adjectiveecology, nounecosystem, nounegg, nounejaculate, verbembryo, nounembryonic, adjectiveenzyme, nounepidermis, nounevolution, nounevolutionary, adjectiveexcrement, nounexcrescence, nounexcrete, verbexcretion, nounexhale, verbexoskeleton, nounextinction, nounfaeces, nounfamily, nounfang, nounfat, nounfatty acid, nounfauna, nounfeces, nounfeed, verbfemale, adjectivefemale, nounferment, verbferment, nounfertile, adjectivefertility, nounfertilize, verbfission, nounflank, nounflatulence, nounflesh, nounfleshy, adjectiveflightless, adjectiveflora, nounfoetal, adjectivefoetus, nounfoliage, nounfossil, nounfreak, nounfreshwater, adjectivefructose, noungamete, nounganglion, noungene, noungene pool, noungenera, genetic, adjectivegenetic code, noungenetic engineering, noungenetic fingerprinting, noungenetics, noungenome, noungenus, noungestation, noungland, nounglandular, adjectiveglucose, noungluten, noungonad, noungrass snake, noungrow, verbgrowth, nounhabitat, nounhaemoglobin, nounhearing, nounheart, nounhemisphere, nounherbivore, nounhereditary, adjectiveheredity, nounhermaphrodite, nounhibernate, verbhistamine, nounhoming, adjectivehormone, nounhost, nounimpregnate, verbimpulse, nounincubate, verbindigenous, adjectiveinfected, adjectiveinfertile, adjectiveinfest, verbingest, verbinhale, verbinseminate, verbinsensate, adjectiveinsulin, nounintegument, nounintercourse, nouninterferon, nounintestine, nouninvertebrate, nouninvoluntary, adjectiveiris, nounjaw, nounjelly, nounkidney, nounkrill, nounlactate, verblactation, nounlactic acid, nounleech, nounleg, nounlesser, adjectivelichen, nounlife, nounlife cycle, nounlife form, nounligament, nounlimb, nounlimpet, nounlipid, nounliver, nounliving fossil, nounlocomotion, nounlymph, nounlymph node, nounmale, adjectivemale, nounmammal, nounmandible, nounmate, nounmate, verbmembrane, nounmetabolism, nounmetabolize, verbmetamorphosis, nounmicrobe, nounmicrobiology, nounmicroorganism, nounmicroscopic, adjectivemigrate, verbmigratory, adjectivemiscarriage, nounmolar, nounmorphology, nounmotor, adjectivemould, nounmouth, nounmucous membrane, nounmucus, nounmulticellular, adjectivemuscle, nounmuscular, adjectivemutant, nounmutate, verbmutation, nounnatural history, nounnatural selection, nounnature, nounneck, nounnectar, nounnerve, nounnervous, adjectivenervous system, nounneural, adjectiveneuro-, prefixneurology, nounnode, nounnose, nounnostril, nounnucleic acid, nounnucleus, nounnutrient, nounnutriment, nounoesophagus, nounoestrogen, nounolfactory, adjectiveoptic, adjectiveorgan, nounorganic, adjectiveorganic chemistry, nounorganism, nounorifice, nounossify, verbosteo-, prefixoutgrowth, nounova, ovary, nounoverwinter, verboviduct, nounoviparous, adjectiveovulate, verbovum, nounparasite, nounpathogen, nounpedigree, nounpelvic, adjectivepelvis, nounpenile, adjectivepenis, nounpepsin, nounperiod, nounperspiration, nounperspire, verbphotosynthesis, nounphylum, nounpigment, nounpigmentation, nounplankton, nounplasma, nounpollinate, verbpostnatal, adjectivepregnancy, nounpregnant, adjectivepremature, adjectiveprenatal, adjectiveproduct, nounproliferation, nounpropagate, verbprotein, nounprotoplasm, nounprotozoan, nounpuberty, nounpulmonary, adjectivepulp, nounpulsation, nounputrefy, verbputrid, adjectivered blood cell, nounregurgitate, verbrenal, adjectivereproduce, verbreproduction, nounreproductive, adjectiverespiration, nounrespiratory, adjectiverespire, verbretina, nounroot, nounrot, verbrot, nounruff, nounsac, nounsaliva, nounsalivary gland, nounsalivate, verbsaltwater, adjectivescale, nounscallop, nounscaly, adjectivesebaceous, adjectivesecrete, verbsecretion, nounsemen, nounsense organ, nounsensory, adjectiveserum, nounsex, nounsex, verbsexless, adjectivesexual intercourse, nounsheath, nounshell, nounsibling, nounskeletal, adjectiveskeleton, nounskin, nounskull, nounspasm, nounspasmodic, adjectivespecies, nounspecimen, nounsperm, nounspiderweb, nounspinal cord, nounspine, nounspineless, adjectivestarch, nounstem cell, nounstimulate, verbstimulus, nounstrain, nounsubject, nounsubspecies, nounsucker, nounsucrose, nounsweat, verbsweat, nounsweat gland, nounsymbiosis, nounsystemic, adjectivetail, nountaxonomy, nounteeth, testosterone, nountest-tube baby, nountissue, nountrachea, nountube, noununicellular, adjectiveurethra, nounuric, adjectiveurinate, verburine, nounvariety, nounvector, nounvein, nounvenom, nounvenomous, adjectiveventricle, nounvertebra, nounvertebrate, nounvivisection, nounwarm-blooded, adjectivewean, verbwildlife, nounwindpipe, nounyolk, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► mortar shell Phrases an exploding mortar shell ► bring ... out of ... shell I had hoped that university would bring him out of his shell. ► come out of ... shell She’s started to come out of her shell a little. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► empty· Database Database programs are often described as empty shell, content-free and cross-curricular software.· I see increasing numbers of anemones and a couple of empty mussel shells.· Your local dealer should have some empty shells for it to grow into.· Even empty shells serve as some animals' homes.· Do not buy snails from a tank containing empty shells or dead snails.· Many are in parks and preserves, where those empty shells are safeguarded.· Only the husk, the empty shell of what they'd come for.· During the course of psychotherapy, it quickly became apparent to Tom that his marriage was a pretty empty shell. ► hard· Morris didn't seem lonely or isolated himself, but a hard shell was usually a sign of vulnerability underneath.· But they have a hard outer shell.· In addition to their hard shell, tortoises and turtles sometimes possess special protective refinements.· The censure of her family was like a hard shell under which she found a certain freedom.· This gentler self had been covered by a hard, outer shell.· Soft-shelled crabs are blue crabs taken after the hard shell has been discarded and the new one is still soft.· Holding it by the hard shell is safe enough, although a steady grip is recommended.· She had a hard shell like an oyster. ► outer· This is trapped between the inner and outer shell with an insulating filling divided into compartments for greater efficiency.· But they have a hard outer shell.· The sticky nature of the outer shell may also facilitate passive spread of eggs.· Materials: the outer shell is made from proofed nylon and the lining from cotton giving just that little extra comfort.· He possibly held that the universe was slightly ovoid, with a crystalline outer shell to which the stars were attached.· This gentler self had been covered by a hard, outer shell.· Both jacket and salopettes are made of Parameta with a Pertex outer shell.· The outer shells of the Buckau rotors sat on pivots that came to about two-thirds of their height. ► thick· A thicker shell presumably protects the snail better.· If thicker shells are really better for the snail, why don't they have them anyway?· Bivalves and tortoises have longer maximum lives than their relatives, perhaps because of the protection conferred by their thick shells.· Burying it all under a thick shell of bluster, bullying, slavish adherence to protocol and discipline. NOUN► artillery· It was even more volatile than a hang-fire on an artillery shell.· And underneath, lined up like artillery shells, are the tubes which fit in those caulking guns.· What the Navy needs, critics say, is a ship that can fire lots of relatively inexpensive artillery shells. ► game· Life in the Lubetkin family was a perpetual shell game.· It was a curious shell game in which each side thought it had the upper hand.· The shell game which Dad had instigated so long ago had impoverished all three of us. ► mortar· The exploding mortar shell has a strength of 7.· Rifle grenades, land mines, dynamite, antitank guns, mortar shells.· The mortar shell explodes before it is fired.· Unlike the solid cannon ball a mortar shell is hollow and filled with gunpowder.· The crew light the fuse before dropping the mortar shell into the mortar.· Hundreds of bullets were let loose - followed by tear-gas and even mortar shells - as protesters were cut down without mercy.· A well placed mortar shell can therefore kill a great many victims at once.· Now declare how far you want to fire the mortar shell. ► pie· Turn your mixture into the pie shell.· When softened, spread the potatoes evenly over bottom and sides of the pans as for pie shells.· Pour into 9-or 10-inch pre-baked, crimped pie shell.· Margaret mixes dough and rolls out the pie shell.· Place the cheese on the bottom of the pie shells.· Spread it into cooled baked pie shell.· Pile mixture into pie shell and garnish with reserved strawberries.· Pour into two pie shells and bake for 15 minutes. ► snail· Similarly, insects and land snail shells are identified, sorted and quantified in the same way as animal and plant remains.· And when I went to the museum on Gozo I discovered a block with a carved snail shell.· I had an empty Apple Snail shell scrounged from my long-suffering dealer for just such an experiment.· Sometimes you can find a Zebra flatworm sharing the snail shell with the hermit crab.· Taken with other environmental indicators, such as land snail shells and insect remains, they also give information about the prevailing climate.· We need to accept only that the change in snail shell is a fluke adaptation.· Caddis houses helped us take the previous step; snail shells will help us take this one. ► suit· The youths, aged about 15, dressed in brightly shell suits were riding mountain bikes.· The men are in shell suits and have moustaches.· Even the humble sparkler can cause horrific injuries when combined with a highly flammable shell suit.· He was wearing a blue and yellow shell suit top and light, almost bleached jeans. VERB► fire· The army plans later to fit Challenger with a new gun operating at even higher pressure and firing an improved shell.· The best naval guns can fire a shell at about one kilometer per 148 second.· Now declare how far you want to fire the mortar shell.· When it got to that distance, I just stuck up the M79 and fired off a shotgun shell.· The preliminary bombardment was the heaviest so far mounted: over two weeks 3,100 guns fired some 471/2 million shells. PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► out of your shell 1 a)the hard outer part that covers and protects an egg, nut, or seed: Never buy eggs with cracked shells. peanuts roasted in their shells b)the hard protective covering of an animal such as a snail, mussel, or crab: a snail shell The children were collecting shells on the beach. → seashell2a metal container, like a large bullet, which is full of an explosive substance and is fired from a large gun: We ran for cover as shells dropped all around us. an exploding mortar shell3especially American English a metal tube containing a bullet and an explosive substance SYN cartridge4the outside structure of something, especially the part of a building that remains when the rest of it has been destroyedshell of the burnt-out shell of a nightclub5out of your shell becoming less shy and more confident and willing to talk to people: I had hoped that university would bring him out of his shell. She’s started to come out of her shell a little.
shell1 nounshell2 verb shellshell2 ●○○ verb [transitive] Verb TableVERB TABLE shell
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
THESAURUS► shoot Collocations verb [intransitive, transitive] to use a gun to fire bullets, or to kill or injure someone using a gun: · He ordered his men to stop shooting.· The guards shot the man as he was trying to escape.· President Kennedy was shot by a lone gunman. ► fire verb [intransitive, transitive] to shoot bullets from a gun, or send an explosive object towards someone or something: · Soldiers fired into the crowd.· Helicopters fired rockets at several buildings.· He regained his balance, took aim, and fired.· The police fired into the air to make the crowd break up.· As soon as we crossed the border, enemy troops started firing at us.· Kendrick fired three shots at the president’s car.· Suddenly the car stopped, and the passenger got out and fired a Kalashnikov rifle at the police car. ► launch verb [transitive] to send a large rocket or missile into the air: · American warships launched cruise missiles.· The guerrillas launched their rockets from densely populated towns. ► open fire to start shooting: · Nineteen students were injured after a gunman opened fire.· Troops opened fire on a group of unarmed demonstrators.· The colonel gave the order for the soldiers to open fire. ► shell verb [transitive] to fire shells (=metal containers filled with an explosive substance) at enemy soldiers, cities etc in a war, using large guns: · Border towns have been shelled by enemy aircraft for the past two months.· British warships began shelling German positions along the coast. ► bombard verb [transitive] to attack a place for a long time with shells or bombs: · Allied forces bombarded the coast prior to the invasion.· Troops bombarded the area with shells.· The allied forces bombarded the enemy trenches for weeks.· Cromwell’s men had been bombarding the fort with their artillery for several days. ► take a potshot at somebody/something to shoot at someone or something without aiming very carefully: · Someone tried to take a potshot at him, but hit the man behind instead. Longman Language Activatorto fire a gun or other weapon► shoot to point a gun towards someone or something, and make bullets come out of it in order to kill or injure them: · If you move, I'll shoot.· Make sure you hold the gun steady and shoot straight.shoot at: · Armed robbers who shot at a security guard are still being hunted by police. · We used to shoot at empty bottles for practice.shoot to kill (=in order to kill someone): · The Defence Minister had ordered troops to shoot to kill if attacked. ► fire to make bullets come out of a gun, or send an explosive object towards someone or something: · He regained his balance, took aim, and fired.fire into: · The police fired into the air to make the crowd break up.fire at: · As soon as we crossed the border, enemy troops started firing at us.fire a shot/bullet/round: · Kendrick fired three shots at the President's car.fire a gun/weapon/pistol etc: · Suddenly the car stopped, and the passenger got out and fired a Kalashnikov rifle at the police car. ► open fire to start shooting: · The colonel gave the order for the soldiers to open fire.open fire on: · Troops opened fire on a group of unarmed demonstrators in the city centre. ► take a shot at to shoot once at someone or something, hoping to hit them: · Agent Cooper stood back and took a shot at the lock on the door.· The police claim that someone took a shot at them, and they had to withdraw for their own safety. ► take a potshot at to shoot at someone or something, especially from far away, without aiming carefully: · A bird flew out of the tree and Harry took a potshot at it.· Somebody was taking potshots at us from behind the bushes. ► shell to shoot at enemy soldiers, cities etc in a war, using large guns that can shoot from long distances: · British warships began shelling German positions along the coast.· Border towns have been shelled by enemy aircraft for the past two months. ► bombard to shoot at a place using a lot of large guns all firing at the same time: · The allied forces bombarded the enemy trenches for weeks.bombard somebody/something with something: · Cromwell's men had been bombarding the fort with their artillery for several days. to spend a lot of money► spend a lot · You don't have to spend a lot to be fashionable -- you just need a sense of style.spend a lot on · They must have spent a lot on their new kitchen. It's made of solid oakspend a lot of money · In recent years the company has spent a lot of money on new technology. ► go to great expense to spend very large amounts of money on something important, even if it costs you more than you can afford: · The wedding was wonderful. Your parents obviously went to great expense.go to great expense to do something: · Please let us have your comments on the plans for the new offices -- we're going to great expense to get everything just right. ► spare no expense to spend as much money as is necessary to get what you want or make something successful, without worrying about the cost: · The organizers were told to spare no expense - this was going to be the biggest show on Earth.no expense spared: · "Go out and buy whatever you want," he said, "no expense spared!" ► shell out/fork out spoken informal to have to spend more money on something than you think is fair or reasonable: · No, we can't afford to go to the bowling alley - I've forked out enough already today.shell out #50/$100 etc: · Insurance companies are having to shell out millions of pounds to the victims of the floods.shell out/fork out on: · I'm not shelling out any more money on this old car. It's not worth it!shell out/fork out for: · I failed my driving test and Dad said that he wasn't forking out for any more lessons for me. ► go on a spending spree informal to spend a lot of money and buy a lot of things in a short time for enjoyment, especially when other people think this is stupid or a waste of money: · Jilly and I decided to cheer ourselves up and go on a spending spree.· You haven't been on another spending spree, have you? What did you buy this time? ► money is no object use this to say that you do not care how much money you spend on something even if it is a lot: · Simon always ordered the best. It was obvious that money was no object.money no object: · Choose whatever outfit you want - money no object! ► live the high life to enjoy yourself by going out often and spending a lot of money, especially with rich or important people: · For several years they lived the high life with Hollywood stars and celebrities.· You've been living the high life recently, haven't you! You're always going out to clubs and fancy restaurants. WORD SETS► Cookingallspice, nounbake, verbbarbecue, verbbaste, verbblanch, verbboil, verbbottle, verbbouillon cube, nounbraise, verbbreadcrumbs, nounbreaded, adjectivebrine, nounbroil, verbbrown, verbbutter, verbcandied, adjectivecaper, nouncaramel, nouncardamom, nouncarve, verbcasserole, nouncasserole, verbcaster sugar, nouncharbroil, verbchervil, nounchestnut, nounchicory, nounchill, verbchilli powder, nounchip, verbcilantro, nouncinnamon, nounclean, verbclove, nouncochineal, nouncoconut, nouncook, verbcook, nouncookbook, nouncookery, nouncookery book, nouncordon bleu, adjectivecore, verbcoriander, nouncream, verbcrisp, verbcube, verbculinary, adjectivecumin, nouncurry powder, noundeep fry, verbdessertspoon, noundevilled, adjectivedice, verbdone, adjectivedress, verbessence, nounfat, nounflambé, adjectiveflan, nounflavouring, nounflour, nounflour, verbfrost, verbfrosting, nounfry, verbglaze, verbglaze, noungourmet, adjectivegourmet, noungrate, verbgrease, noungrease, verbgreaseproof paper, noungrill, verbgrill, noungrind, verbgut, verbhard-boiled, adjectivehaute cuisine, nounhob, nounhull, verbhusk, verbice, verbicebox, nounicing, nounicing sugar, nouningredient, nounjoint, verbknead, verblard, nounlard, verbleaven, nounliquidize, verbmarinade, nounmarinate, verbmarjoram, nounmicrowave, verbmince, verbmincer, nounmint, nounmix, verbmix, nounnouvelle cuisine, nounnutmeg, nounoil, nounolive oil, nounoverdone, adjectiveparboil, verbpare, verbpickle, verbpipe, verbpit, verbpitted, adjectivepkt, pluck, verbplum tomato, nounpoach, verbprecooked, adjectivepreheat, verbprep, verbprove, verbrecipe, nounreduce, verbrice paper, nounrind, nounrise, verbroast, verbroast, nounroast, adjectiverosemary, nounroux, nounsaffron, nounsage, nounsalt, nounsalt, verbsauce, nounsausage meat, nounsauté, verbsavory, nounscalloped, adjectivesear, verbseason, verbseasoning, nounself-raising flour, nounself-rising flour, nounsesame, nounshell, verbshortening, nounshort-order cook, nounshuck, verbsieve, verbsift, verbsifter, nounsimmer, verbsimmer, nounskewer, verbsmoke, verbsoak, verbsoda, nounsodium bicarbonate, nounspice, nounspice, verbspicy, adjectivestarch, nounsteam, verbsteep, verbstew, verbstock, nounstone, verbstrain, verbstuff, verbstuffing, nounsunny-side up, adjectivesweat, verbsweet-and-sour, adjectiveTabasco, nountandoori, adjectivetarragon, nountbsp, teaspoon, nountenderize, verbtenderloin, nountextured vegetable protein, nounthaw, verbthyme, nountimer, nountoast, nountoast, verbtoss, verbtruss, verbtsp, turmeric, noununderdone, adjectivevinaigrette, nounvinegar, nounwhip, verbwhisk, verbyeast, nounzap, verbzest, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► shelling peas Phrases Josie was shelling peas in the kitchen. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► out· And the fighter revealed he's shelling out £20,000 for sparring partners Mike Weaver and Tony Tubbs, both former world champions.· And for this sort of performance, local taxpayers shell out roughly $ 360, 000 a year.· In practice, they so mistrust the secrecy and alleged profligacy of Central Office that they refuse to shell out.· But how readily will they shell out hundreds for a similar-sized piece of software?· They wanted to get in the diocesan surveyor to have a look at it before they shelled out for repairs.· If play improvements are only incremental, why shell out the cash to buy a 32-bit rig or an N64?· They had difficulties in re-paying, he took their benefit book, and they ended up shelling out £450.· He shelled out another $ 200. NOUN► pea· Many have never shelled a pea.· We are peeling potatoes, forming tiny meatballs, browning chicken, shelling peas. PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► retreat into yourself/your shell/fantasy etc 1to fire shells from large guns at something: The army has been shelling the town since yesterday.► see thesaurus at shoot2to remove something such as beans or nuts from a shell or pod: Josie was shelling peas in the kitchen.shell out (something) phrasal verb informal to pay a lot of money for something, especially unwillingly: If you want the repairs done right, you’ll have to shell out at least $800.shell out for She ended up shelling out for two rooms.
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