英语词汇“impair”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

WORD ORIGINimpair

Origin:

1300-1400 Old French empeirer, from Vulgar Latin impejorare, from Late Latin pejorare ‘to make worse’

VERB TABLE

impair

Simple Form
Present	I, you, we, they	impair
	he, she, it	impairs
Past	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	impaired
Present perfect	I, you, we, they	have impaired
	he, she, it	has impaired
Past perfect	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	had impaired
Future	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	will impair
Future perfect	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	will have impaired

Continuous Form
Present	I	am impairing
	he, she, it	is impairing
	you, we, they	are impairing
Past	I, he, she, it	was impairing
	you, we, they	were impairing
Present perfect	I, you, we, they	have been impairing
	he, she, it	has been impairing
Past perfect	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	had been impairing
Future	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	will be impairing
Future perfect	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	will have been impairing

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES

Alcohol significantly impairs your ability to drive a car or operate machinery.
If a witness is allowed to withhold evidence, it impairs the legal process.
The amount of alcohol he had drunk seriously impaired his ability to drive.

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

A lifetime spent with walking horses has permanently impaired his speech.
But as the subject's brain function becomes increasingly impaired these movements become more and more erratic.
Cons: A great way to temporarily impair gastrointestinal processes to the discomfort of others.
Making new memories is even more impaired.
Moreover, memory may be impaired for a variety of reasons, lack of initial attention is not the only possible explanation.
Profit figures become merely amounts which can be spent without impairing initial capital invested.
Treat it with respect through - hitting scenery and objects costs time, and eventually impairs your vehicle's performance.

THESAURUS► harm

to have a bad effect on someone or something: · Many working mothers said having children harmed their careers.· A little hard work never harmed anyone.

► damage

to harm something badly. Damage is more serious than harm: · His reputation was damaged and his career was in ruins.· The affair has damaged people’s confidence in the government.

► be bad for somebody/something

to be likely to harm someone or something: · Too much fatty food is bad for you.· All this rain is bad for business.

► be detrimental to something

formal to be bad for something: · The new housing development will be detrimental to the character of this small town.

► impair

formal to harm something, especially someone’s ability to do something or the correct working of a system: · Any amount of alcohol that you drink will impair your ability to drive.· His vision was impaired.

► prejudice

to have a bad effect on the future success of something: · Don’t do anything to prejudice our chances of winning.

Longman Language Activatorto harm a person, group, country etc► harm

to have a bad effect on something, in a way that makes it weaker, less effective, or less successful: · Walking out without giving any notice will only harm your career.· Any scandal will certainly harm the company's reputation.· These new export restrictions are sure to harm the economy.· The most important consideration is that the environment is not harmed.

► damage

to permanently harm something such as the success, health, or image of a person, organization etc so that they are not as effective as before: · Several recent events have damaged the government's public image.· This is likely to damage Scott's reputation even more.seriously/badly damage something: · Smoking can seriously damage your health.· The company's future prospects will be badly damaged if this deal falls through.

► be bad for/have a bad effect on

to change or effect something in a harmful way: · Drinking so much is bound to have a bad effect on your health.· An increase in interest rates at the present time would definitely be bad for business.

► hit

to have a sudden bad effect on someone or something, harming them badly: · A sudden rise in inflation always hits living standards.be badly hit: · Southern England has been badly hit by flooding, and many homes are now without power.hit something/somebody hard: · Elderly people were the hardest hit by the increase in tax on fuel.

► hurt

to have a bad effect on an organization or activity, by making it less successful or effective: · Most companies have been hurt by the economic slowdown.· This is mainly going to hurt those who already have least.

► be/deal a blow to

to harm the plans, chances, confidence etc of a person or organization: · It would be stupid to pretend this was anything but a blow to the prime minister.be a big/serious/severe etc blow: · The incident was a severe blow to UN peace efforts.· Losing the match against Rumania, dealt a huge blow to the team.

► impair

to harm something such as an ability or the way a body or system works - use this especially in medical or technical contexts: · If a witness is allowed to withhold evidence, it impairs the legal process.· Alcohol significantly impairs your ability to drive a car or operate machinery.

► be detrimental to

formal to be likely to harm something: · Working in front of a computer all day may be detrimental to your eyesight.· Any further housing development will be detrimental to the character of this small town.

► at the expense of something

if you do something at the expense of someone or something else, you do it in order to gain an advantage, even if it harms them or has a bad effect on them: · Cigarette manufacturers continue to pursue profit at the expense of our children.· Many people are now working a fifty or sixty hour week, at the expense of their family life.

► wreak havoc/play havoc

to seriously harm something by causing a lot of harm and confusion: · A major computer failure wrought havoc on the New York Subway last night.wreak havoc/play havoc with: · Working so late is starting to play havoc with her social life.

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► affect/impair your hearing

(=make your hearing worse)· Listening to loud music will eventually impair your hearing.

► impaired hearing

(=having problems with hearing)· There are about 11,000 people in the UK whose sight and hearing are both severely impaired.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB► mentally

· I know I am not alone in having a close relative who is mentally impaired.· When the judge asked whether he was mentally impaired, Kaczynski replied no.· The old lady was not mentally impaired on first impression.· Those that produce small amounts of the protein are less mentally impaired.

► seriously

· The child who does not learn to ask is seriously impaired in later life.· But diligently studying by day and by night Seriously impair his tender eyesight.· However, these internal timbers should not be cut or removed, otherwise the strength of the roof will be seriously impaired.· If this is not done then defence against the hazards or management of the risk arising from them can be seriously impaired.

► severely

· Acute schizophrenia can severely impair mothering skills when maternal distress leads to distraction and neglect.· If renal function is severely impaired, acetazolamide is ineffective.· Part of the problem is that they are often on tasks that are also severely impaired after destruction of primary visual cortex.· Such a large amount of excess capacity must severely impair the effective functioning of the accelerator.

► visually

· Eve insisted that visually impaired visitors were allowed to keep the Braille guidebooks and would always replace them free of charge.

NOUN► ability

· Poor notation can impair the ability of a scheme to accommodate new subjects and can hinder effective retrieval.· I explained to the best of my impaired ability, but it was clear that the President was disappointed in me.· They act on him and impair his ability to distinguish between thought and perception, between concepts and objects.

► efficiency

· I have already explained how debris such as brambles impairs a net's efficiency.· This impairs the efficiency of the braided shield and renders the cable open to interference.· Care needs to be taken to ensure that regulation does not impair the efficiency of the financial system.· Cleaning up Britain does not require international action, involve huge public expenditure, or impair the efficiency of industry.

► function

· Addition of this phosphate group impairs the function of the essential protein, and viral protein synthesis fails to begin.· Not only do sleeping pills impair the function of sleep, they also affect the way you feel the next day.· Drowsiness, impaired cognitive function, and impotence may be a problem with higher doses.· When gouty patients are found to have impaired renal function, they should be evaluated carefully for other causes of renal damage.

► health

· A target for reduced hospital waiting lists, for example, may - by reducing hospital stays - actually impair patients' health.

► performance

· Treat it with respect through - hitting scenery and objects costs time, and eventually impairs your vehicle's performance.· Are you fitting anything which may be potentially dangerous or impair the performance of items such as brakes, steering, etc.?· Loud noise impairs performance on the five-choice serial reaction time task in normal, rested subjects.· Finally, tracks and poles will benefit from regular attention as dust and dirt will impair their performance.

VERB► hear

· The development of an effective network arrangement to create and evaluate materials and technology needed for hearing impaired learners. 2.· Bell had a more than casual interest in this, for he himself was hearing impaired.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► the hearing-impaired► visually impaired

Visually impaired people have as much right to full access to educational courses as anyone else.
Instructions can also be obained in Braille for the visually impaired.
An important part of this work is the provision of cash grants to visually impaired people in need.
Braille Stark black controls and print against a white finish help the visually impaired to identify the controls.
Eve insisted that visually impaired visitors were allowed to keep the Braille guidebooks and would always replace them free of charge.
For example, in one case, an employer refused to hire a visually impaired applicant for the position of research analyst.
It is, of course, necessary to check carefully and individually the size of type that a visually impaired pupil can discriminate.
Special facilities include a lift to all floors in Inverleith House Gallery and a trail for the visually impaired.