compound1 nouncompound2 verbcompound3 adjective
compoundcom‧pound1 /ˈkɒmpaʊnd $ ˈkɑːm-/ ●●○ AWL noun [countable] 
1 technical a substance containing atoms from two or more elements: 
man-made organic compoundscompound of Sulphur dioxide is a compound of sulphur and oxygen.2a combination of two or more parts, substances, or qualitiescompound of Teaching is a compound of several different skills. Brush on a damp-proofing compound.3an area that contains a group of buildings and is surrounded by a fence or wall: a prison compound4 technical a noun, adjective etc that is made up of two or more words. The noun ‘flower shop’ and the adjective ‘self-made’ are compounds.COLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + compoundan organic compound (=containing carbon)· the organic compounds of which living things are madean inorganic compound (=not containing carbon)a chemical compound (=formed by a chemical process involving two or more elements)a carbon/nitrogen/sulphur etc compound· Use a copper compound to protect the trees from pests.a toxic/dangerous compound (=containing poisonous or harmful substances)· toxic compounds such as heavy metalsverbsform a compound· Atoms combine in specific ways to form chemical compounds.a compound contains something· This compound contains two atoms of nitrogen and four atoms of hydrogen.compound1 nouncompound2 verbcompound3 adjective
compoundcom‧pound2 /kəmˈpaʊnd/ AWL verb [transitive] WORD ORIGINcompound2
Origin:
1500-1600 Old French compondre, from Latin componere, from com- ( ➔ COM-) + ponere ‘to put’VERB TABLE
compound
| Simple Form | ||
| Present | I, you, we, they | compound |
| he, she, it | compounds | |
| Past | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | compounded |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have compounded |
| he, she, it | has compounded | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had compounded |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will compound |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have compounded |
| Continuous Form | ||
| Present | I | am compounding |
| he, she, it | is compounding | |
| you, we, they | are compounding | |
| Past | I, he, she, it | was compounding |
| you, we, they | were compounding | |
| Present perfect | I, you, we, they | have been compounding |
| he, she, it | has been compounding | |
| Past perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | had been compounding |
| Future | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will be compounding |
| Future perfect | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | will have been compounding |
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- John and Val's domestic problems were compounded by stress at work.
- My bank compounds interest quarterly.
- Scientists are able to compound an increasing number of substances to produce new drugs.
- Strong nationalist sentiment is compounding the deep political problems faced by the President.
- The country's economic woes were compounded by a seven-year civil war.
- The effects of the East Coast snows this year were compounded by severe storms in the spring.
- Brian was lost in booze and drugs, compounded by paranoia and a deep sense of failure.
- But in this case, the director of field operations, abetted by other headquarters personnel, compounded the problem.
- It is rather as a precaution against compounding one media mistake with another.
- Mr Singh's letter compounded this.
- Suspicions raised by the Whitewater deal are compounded by two other events.
- This is compounded by point 2 to 4 following. 2.
Longman Language Activatorto make a bad or difficult situation worse
to make a bad or difficult situation even worse, especially when you were trying to improve it: · Don't interfere. You'll only make things worse.· Trying not to laugh aloud made it worse, and for a moment or two, they were both helpless with suppressed laughter.· Why not try running the anti-virus software? It can't make things any worse, can it?
use this to talk above something that makes a bad situation even worse: · To make matters worse, the director's gone on holiday without leaving anyone in charge.· To make things worse, Jimmy suddenly announced he'd left his passport at home.
to make a bad or difficult situation even worse: · Air pollution may aggravate a child's asthma.· Is the pain aggravated by coughing or laughing?· Any talk of price rises now will only aggravate an already serious situation.
formal to make a bad or difficult situation even worse: · The family's problems were exacerbated when Walter lost his job.· Ironically, the government's reassurances may have exacerbated fear about the disease.
if something compounds a problem, mistake, or difficulty, it adds to the existing problem so that the general situation gets even worse than before: · Strong nationalist sentiment is compounding the deep political problems faced by the President.be compounded by: · John and Val's domestic problems were compounded by stress at work.· The effects of the East Coast snows this year were compounded by severe storms in the spring.
use that to say that something makes a bad situation worse for someone, by unfairly giving them another problem that relates to or is a result of the original one: · The bank not only refused to refund the money but, to add insult to injury, charged me for the letter telling me so!
WORD SETSabove the line, adjectiveabsorption rate, acceptance sampling, accountant, nounaccount balance, accounting, nounaccounting rate of return, accrued cost, accrued income, accumulation unit, acid ratio, actual price, A/D, adjustable peg, nounADR, nounadvancer, nounAER, aftermarket, nounAGI, aging schedule, agio, nounAICPA, allottee, nounallowable, adjectivealternative investment, amortizable, adjectiveannual earnings, annual income, annual value, annuity, nounappraiser, nounappropriate, verbappropriation, nounappropriation account, arb, nounas at, prepositionas of, prepositionasset, nounasset backing, asset shuffling, nounasset stripping, nounasset-stripping, verbasset turnover, asset value per share, Association for Payment Clearing Services, nounassured value, at best, adverbat call, adverbaudit, verbauditor, nounauditor's report, auto-financing, adjectiveaverage stock, backdate, verbbackup withholding, nounbackwardation, nounbad debt recovery, bail-out, nounbalanced fund, balance sheet, nounBaltic Exchange, nounbankroll, nounbase rate, nounbasis point, bed-and-breakfasting, nounbellwether, nounbelow the line, adjectivebeneficial owner, best efforts, adjectivebeta coefficient, nounbid and asked, adjectivebill rate, Black Friday, nounBlack Thursday, nounBlack Tuesday, nounBlack Wednesday, nounblank transfer, bond, nounbond fund, bond premium, bookbuilding, nounbook debt, book entry, book-keeper, nounbook-keeping, nounbottom fisher, nounbought deal, bourse, nounbreakeven, nounbreak-up value, buildings and contents insurance, buoy, verbbuoyancy, nounbuoyant, adjectivebusiness angel, nounbusiness entity, business manager, buyback, nounbuy-in, nounbuying power, buying price, buy limit order, buy order, buyout, nouncabinet bid, callable, adjectivecallable fixture, nouncap and collar, nouncapital appreciation, capital asset pricing model, capital charge, capital dilution, nouncapital equipment, capital flow, nouncapital gain, capital invested, nouncapitalization of reserves, nouncapitalize, verbcapitalized, adjectivecapital movement, nouncapital outlay, capital rationing, nouncapital stock, capital sum, capital surplus, capital transfer, capital value, CAR, carried down, adjectivecarried forward, adjectivecarried over, adjectivecarryback, nouncarryforward, nouncarrying charge, carry-over, nouncash account, cash at bank, nouncash basis, nouncashbook, nouncash column, cash equivalent, cash flow, nouncashless, adjectivecash management, cash price, CBOT, c/d, certificate of deposit, nouncertificate of occupancy, nouncertified public accountant, nounCFO, chain of title, nounChapter 7, nounChartered Financial Consultant, nounchartist, nounchattels real, nounChicago Board Options Exchange, nounChicago Mercantile Exchange, nounChinese wall, nounchurning, nounCISCO, nounclawback, nounclean opinion, nounclearer, nounclearing agent, nounclosed-end, adjectiveclosely held, adjectiveCMA, CME, COGS, collection ratio, Comex, nouncomfort letter, commercial agent, common ownership, company doctor, company limited by guarantee, nouncompany limited by shares, nouncomparables, nouncomparable-store sales, compensate, verbcompensating error, completion date, compound, verbcompound annual rate of return, nouncompound interest, nouncomptroller, nounComptroller and Auditor General, nounComptroller General, nounComptroller of the Currency, nouncompulsory purchase order, concert party, nounconsistency concept, nounconsolidated accounts, consolidator, nounConsols, nouncontango, nouncontinuous inventory, contra account, contra-asset account, contract note, controller, nouncontrol period, conversion premium, cooling-off period, nounco-operative society, corporate investment, cost, verbcost of goods sold, nouncounting-house, nouncoupon sheet, nounCPA, nounCPI, cramdown, nouncredit, nouncredit, verbcredit card payment, credit facility, creditor turnover rate, nouncredit quality, credit repair, credit standing, credit status, creeping control, CREST, nouncurrency pair, nouncurrency peg, nounDaily Official List, nounday book, nounday order, dead cat bounce, death futures, debt capital, debt ratio, decliner, noundeed of conveyance, noundeferred credits, noundeferred income, deferred share, degearing, noundeleverage, noundelinquent tax certificate, delivery date, demand note, dematerialize, verbdemonetize, verbdemutualize, verbdenominated, adjectivedeposit certificate, depository institution, deposit protection fund, noundepreciable life, depreciation account, deprival value, derivative lease, direct exchange, direct investment, direct labour, directors register, discount brokerage, discount loan, discretionary account, discretionary order, discretionary spending, diversifieds, noundivestment, nounDJIA, dollar-cost averaging, noundollars-and-cents, adjectivedomestic investment, double declining balance, double-witching, noundown payment, noundowntick, nounDPS, drawdown, noundrawing account, dual capacity, noundual listing, due, adjectivedue diligence, earn, verbEasdaq, nouneconomic, adjectiveeffective rate, emissions unit, encash, verbequity, nounequity investment, ERM, nounerror of commission, nounerror of omission, nounerror of posting, nounerror of principle, nounethical investment, Euribor, nounEuro.NM, nounEuropean interbank offered rate, exceptionals, nounexchange arbitrage, exchange of contracts, nounex gratia, adjectiveexpense ratio, expiration date, face amount, factor cost, factoring, nounfailure, nounfair value, fand, nounFederal funds, fee absolute, nounfigure, nounfinal accounts, final distribution, finance charge, Financial Accounting Standards Board, nounfinancial investment, financials, nounfinancial services, financial supermarket, financial year, nounfinancier, nounfirst in, first out, nounfirst-quarter, adjectivefixed assets, nounfixed costs, nounfixed-income investment, fixed investment, fixtures and fittings, nounfloater, nounflood insurance, flowback, nounflow of funds, nounfocus list, foreign investment, freehold possession, free movement, nounfriends, nounfront-running, nounfull-year, adjectivefully-subscribed, adjectivefunder, nounfungible, adjectivefutures, nounfuture value, FY, G & A, gainer, noungilts, nounGinnie Mae, nounGLOBEX, nounGNMA, noungolden share, golds, noungood-faith money, government investment, greenshoe, noungross, adjectivegross income, gross investment, group accounts, grubstake, nounguaranty, nounhealth warning, nounhigh end, nounhigh flyer, nounhigh-yield, adjectiveHip, nounholding, nounholding company, nounholdout, nounhomeowner's insurance, home repair, household insurance, idle balance, imprest, nouninactive account, incentive fee, income and expenditure account, income share, incubator space, index-linked, adjectiveindirect exchange, industrials, nouninherit, verbinheritance, nouninjection, nounIN.SECTS, nouninstitutional investment, interest cover, International Monetary Fund, nounInternational Securities Exchange, nouninvest, verbinvestment, nouninvestment income, investor, nouninvestor resistance, issuance, nounissue flop, nounissuer, nounkerb market, key money, large-cap, nounlast in, first out, nounlast sale, leaseback, nounleasehold possession, ledger, nounledger clerk, legal investment, lending rate, nounletter of comfort, nounleverage, verblifecycle cost, LIFO, like-for-like, adjectiveliquidity, nounliquid ratio test, loading, nounloan-to-value ratio, London Clearing House, nounM & A, management charge, mandatory general offer, margin account, market order, material fact, nounmature, adjectivematurity, nounmid-cap, nounMMC, mortgage protection insurance, multiple (share) application, municipals, nounNational Market System, nounNational Savings Stock Register, nounNBV, net, adjectivenet, verbnet 10/eom, adverbnet 30, adverbnet annual value, net asset backing, net asset value, net book value, net income, net interest, net investment, net present value, net realizable value, nominal accounts, nominal price, nominal value, non-payment, nounnon-recurring, adjectivenote issuance facility, NPV, NTA, number-cruncher, nounOEIC, offer for sale, nounoff-market, adjectiveon demand, adverbopen interest, nounopen-market, adjectiveopen outcry, nounoperating income, option, nounoption premium, option pricing model, options contract, order-driven, adjectiveorigination, nounoutflow, nounoutturn, nounoutward investment, overallotment, nounoverborrow, verboverbought, adjectiveovercapitalized, adjectiveovergeared, adjectiveoverissue, nounoverlend, verboverseas investment, overtrade, verbowner-operator, nounP&L, packager, nounpaperchase, nounpar value, pass-through, nounpawn, verbpayables, nounpay and file, nounpaying agent, payout ratio, PDR, pension fund, nounpension plan, nounPE ratio, performance guarantee, permission to build, nounpersonal investment, petrodollars, nounPink Sheets, nounplanning application, plat book, pledgee, nounplot plan, pooling of interests, nounpork bellies, nounportfolio, nounpoundage, nounppd., prelease, verbpremium bond, nounpresale, nounprice-sensitive, adjectiveprimary share, prime-1, nounprime tenant, principal, nounprivate company, private income, nounprivate investment, privately-owned, adjectiveprivate placing, proceeds, nounprofit-taking, nounpro-forma, adjectivepro-forma invoice, prompt date, prompt note, property, nounproperty investment, pro rata, adjectiveprorate, verbpublic investment, publicly-held, adjectivepurchase journal, nounpurchases account, purse, nounp.w., quote-driven, adjectiveramping, nounrandom walk, nounratable, adjectiverateable value, rate of return, nounrating agency, real, adjectivereal accounts, real estate investment, realization concept, nounrebound, verbreceiver, nounreceivership, nounrecoup, verbrecuperate, verbred ink, nounredlining, nounrefunding, nounRegional Stock Exchange, nounregistered stock, REIT, nounremarket, verbREMIC, nounremit, verbremittance, nounrent, verbrental, nounrent-free, adjectiverepatriate, verbrepurchase agreement, research manager, reserve requirement, reserves, nounresidual value, resource, verbresults, nounretainer, nounretirement plan, nounreturn, verbreturn, nounrevenue, nounreverse share split, risk analysis, nounrisk profile, ROA, root of title, royalty payment, ruin, verbsale and repurchase agreement, sales account, sales budget, sales charge, sales returns account, salvage value, nounsame-store sales, Sarbanes-Oxley Act, nounsaving, nounSavings and Loan Association, nounSEATS, nounsecondary shares, second-tier share, securities house, security rating, self-dealing, nounself-liquidating, adjectiveSETS, nounsettlement date, settling day, nounshare application, share exchange offer, share manipulation, share split, shark repellent, nounshelf registration, Ship, nounshort-covering, nounshort-term gain, sinking fund, nounsiphon, verbsliding peg, nounsmall-cap, nounSOX, nounspeculate, verbspeculation, nounspeculative, adjectivespeculative investment, squeeze, verbstk., stockbrokerage, nounstock count, nounstockholding, nounstock parking, nounstock valuation, stop order, straight line, adjectivestructural analysis, sublet, verbsubsidize, verbsubsidy, nounsubvention, nounsum of the digits, nounsundries account, super voting rights, sustainability index, swaption, nounsystematic risk, technical analysis, technical analyst, technical correction, technicals, nountenant at sufferance, nountenant at will, nountenant for years, nountenant in common, nounterm, nountippee, nountipper, nountip sheets, nountotal, verbtrading loss, trading profit, transfer, verbtransfer agent, transfer register, trigger point, triple-A, adjectivetriple-witching, nountrue and fair view, nountrust, nountrust company, trustee, nountrusteeship, nountrust fund, nounturnover ratio, undercapitalized, adjectiveundercharge, verbunderfunded, adjectiveunder-investment, noununderreport, verbundervalued, verbunderwriting power, unearned income, ungeared, adjectiveunitize, verbunit of account, noununsystematic risk, upfront fee, uptick, nounvault cash, vendor placing, Wall Street, war chest, nounweak, adjectiveworking capital, nounwrite-off, nounwritten-down value, yield spread, yield to call, nounyield to maturity, nounYTD, YTM, zaitech, nounZ-score, noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Helmut’s problems were compounded by his lack of concentration. He compounded the offence by calling his opponents liars.COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
Helmut’s problems were compounded by his lack of concentration. He compounded the offence by calling his opponents liars. (=make it worse)· He refused to listen to our advice, which compounded the error.
formal (=make it worse)· The country’s economic problems are compounded by its ageing population.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSNOUN· She felt a bit like some one caught in quicksand, whose every turn only succeeded in further compounding the difficulties.· But Brandeis' status as a hybrid of an elite liberal arts college and a small research university compounds its difficulty.· These shortcomings are clearly compounded by the difficulty of creating new titles.· Paradoxically, the relative unimportance of money in Soviet society compounds these difficulties.· To compound the difficulties, the track itself is a figure-of-eight, with a dizzying number of twists and turns.· A serious decline of leadership in local affairs compounds the difficulty.· Although these task demands can be identified, they may interact or compound the difficulty in particular tables.· Their effect was to compound the difficulty the liberal leadership had in bringing pressure for reform to bear upon the regime.
· A concatenation of events particularly damaging Mrs Thatcher was subsequently compounded by errors of tactics and organisation by those running her campaign.· Kennelly refused to call off the raids, and he was lofty about it, which was compounding his error.· To draw attention to that would compound the woman's error.· Umpiring error all too often merely compounds cricketing error.
· His feelings of restlessness were compounded by the fact that his own work seemed to be slipping away from him.· All of these problems were compounded by the fact that few settlers had any experience with irrigation farming-nor were they required to.· Such difficulty is compounded by the fact that Britten wrote the part of Grimes with Peter Pears in mind.· This practical problem is compounded by the fact that we can not clearly see features that are located far from the equator.· The problem is compounded by the fact that the term means different things to different people.· The problems of the low paid are further compounded by the fact that their jobs are also frequently less secure.· Uncertainty and scientific dispute is compounded by the fact that radioactive contamination is different from many other types of pollution.
· Documentaries still seek the sensational and thus help to compound the fears of the public about mental handicap hospitals.· Not understanding what the police were saying compounded my fear.· It is a tangle of historic forces, compounded by present-day fear and pride and vexed by world ideological powers.
· To compound the problem, drizzle and low cloud was firmly entrenched in the area.· But this time the results have only compounded and exacerbated the problems of the Republican Party.· What is more, the remedy advised is likely to compound the problem.· But in this case, the director of field operations, abetted by other headquarters personnel, compounded the problem.· Prisoners' confinement and lack of contact with the outside world compound their problems.· You risk hugely compounding the problem by getting caught in half-truths.· Land fragmentation, as a result of inheritance laws and social custom, compounds the widespread problem of small farm size.· To compound the problem, a drop in battery power corrupted the software programme which controlled the radio itself.
· Once the fish is affected, other pathogens, bacteria as well as protozoal parasites and fungi, will compound the overall situation.· My Great Britain international all-in-one compounded the situation.· Norman Lamont compounded the situation by ruling out an early cut in interest rates.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY
1to make a difficult situation worse by adding more problemscompound a problem/difficulty etc- This time, when his glance slid over her, his scrutiny was compounded of interest and a totally male appreciation.
Helmut’s problems were compounded by his lack of concentration.2British English to make a bad action worse by doing more bad thingscompound a crime/an offence etc He compounded the offence by calling his opponents liars.3be compounded of something formal to be a mixture of things: a smell compounded of dust and dead flowers4American English to pay interest that is calculated on both the sum of money and the interest: Interest is compounded quarterly.compound1 nouncompound2 verbcompound3 adjective
compoundcom‧pound3 /ˈkɒmpaʊnd $ ˈkɑːm-/ AWL adjective technical 1compound eye/leaf etc a single eye, leaf etc that is made up of two or more parts2compound noun/adjective etc a noun, adjective etc that is made up of two or more words. For example, ‘ice cream’ is a compound noun.3compound sentence a sentence that has two or more main parts