单词	frost
释义	frost1 nounfrost2 verb frostfrost1 /frɒst $ frɒːst/ ●●○ noun Word Origin WORD ORIGINfrost1 Origin: Old English related to freeze Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Frost covered all the windows. A frost warning was issued for most of South Carolina. The Ohio valley is expecting the first frost of the season by Monday morning. There was frost on the windows and a chill in the air. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS After that it was all weather: frosts and rains and spring and summer, and the long days growing longer. Already the grass was becoming crisp with frost. At a great distance, the ghostly frost of a snow peak seemed suspended from the clear sky. During the first few weeks, check that they haven't been lifted by frost or pecked out by birds. Here and there the frost had drawn trees and other patterns on the windowpanes. Kevin Lindsay, a farmer in the northwest Iowa town of Correctionville, had frost on the inside of his windows. Or late frosts, and drizzle throughout August? Thesaurus THESAURUS► ice water that has frozen into a solid state: · ice cubes in her Coke· the ice on the lake ► frost a thin coating of white powder-like ice that forms on the ground and plants, or the weather conditions in which this powder appears: · There was frost on the ground.· Even in May we can sometimes get a late frost. ► black ice an area of ice that is very difficult to see on a road: · Driving conditions are dangerous, with black ice in many areas. ► icicle a long thin pointed piece of ice that hangs from a roof or other surface: · There were icicles hanging down from the side of the house. ► hailstones frozen balls of ice which fall like rain from the sky: · Hailstones as big as marbles flattened the crops. ► glacier a large mass of ice which moves slowly down a mountain valley: · The high mountain glaciers of South America and Asia are melting at an alarming rate.· the Kangshung glacier ► iceberg a very large mass of ice floating in the sea, most of which is under the surface of the water: · The ship sank after hitting an iceberg in the North Atlantic. ► ice cap an area of thick ice that permanently covers the North and South Poles: · We all know that the polar ice caps are melting because of global warming. ► snow noun [uncountable] soft white frozen water that falls from the sky: · The ground was covered with deep snow.· Snow began to fall. ► snowflakes noun [plural] pieces of snow falling from the sky: · The first snowflakes fluttered down between the trees. ► sleet noun [uncountable] a mixture of snow and rain: · The snow turned to sleet and then rain. ► slush noun [uncountable] snow on the road that has partly melted and is very wet: · I made my way through the dirty slush. ► blizzard noun [countable] a storm with a lot of snow and a strong wind: · We got caught in a blizzard on our way to school. ► frost noun [uncountable] white powder that covers the ground when it is cold: · Frost can kill delicate plants. ► hail/hailstones noun [uncountable, plural] drops of rain that fall as ice: · Hail bounced on the tiled roof.· He heard a strange sound, like hailstones striking glass. ► a white Christmas a Christmas when there is snow: · Do you think there will be a white Christmas this year? Longman Language Activatorsnow and ice► snow soft white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky in cold weather: · The tops of the mountains were still covered in snow.· Tony and I trudged home through the deep snow.· When climbing in snow and ice, it is essential to use the correct gear.snow falls: · Some snow is expected to fall in the Rockies tonight.snow storm: · She disappeared without trace in a heavy snow storm.virgin snow (=snow on the ground that looks clean and white because no-one has stepped on it, driven on it etc): · There was a single line of footprints in the virgin snow. ► snow if it snows , soft white pieces of frozen water fall from the sky when the weather is cold: it snows: · It snowed continually for three weeks. ► it's snowing spoken use this to say that it is snowing now: · It was snowing when he left the house. ► hail/hail stones frozen raindrops that fall as small balls of ice: · There were frequent showers of rain and hail.· Even in England, half-inch diameter hail stones are not unusual. ► sleet a mixture of snow and rain: · We couldn't see anything because of the sleet and snow. ► frost ice that looks white and powdery and covers things when the temperature is very cold: · The grass and trees were white with frost.· Frost covered all the windows. ► icy covered in ice and very slippery: · Be careful - the roads are icy this morning.· Despite the icy ground, he was urging his horse on faster and faster. WORD SETS► Nature backwater, nounbank, nounbank, verbbare, adjectivebarrier reef, nounbay, nounbayou, nounbeach, nounbeck, nounbelt, nounbillow, nounbiting, adjectivebitter, adjectiveblack ice, nounblast, nounblazing, adjectivebleach, verbblizzard, nounblow, verbblowy, adjectivebluff, nounbluster, verbblustery, adjectivebog, nounboiling, adjectiveboulder, nounbracing, adjectivebreaker, nounbreeze, nounbreezy, adjectivebrook, nounbrush, nounbrushwood, nounburn, nounbutte, nouncanyon, nouncascade, nouncataract, nouncave, nouncavern, nounchange, verbchasm, nounchoppy, adjectiveclap, nounclear, verbclement, adjectivecliff, nouncloud, nouncloudburst, nouncloudy, adjectivecoast, nouncoastal, adjectivecoastline, nouncone, nouncopse, nouncountry, nouncranny, nouncrater, nouncreation, nouncreep, verbcrisp, adjectivecrosswind, nouncumulus, nouncyclone, noundale, noundell, noundense, adjectivedew, noundewdrop, noundewfall, noundewy, adjectivedisgorge, verbdog days, noundownpour, noundownriver, adverbdownstream, adverbdownwind, adverbdrift, verbdrift, noundriftwood, noundrizzle, noundrop, verbdrop, noundrought, noundry, adjectivedry land, noundull, adjectivedune, nounduster, noundust storm, nouneast, adjectiveeddy, nounelectrical storm, nounequable, adjectiveeye, nounface, nounfail, verbfair, adjectivefall, nounfell, nounfen, nounfield, nounfierce, adjectivefiord, nounfirth, nounfjord, nounflood, verbflood, nounflood tide, nounflotsam, nounflow, nounflow, verbflower, nounflurry, nounfog, nounfogbound, adjectivefoggy, adjectivefoothill, nounfoothold, nounford, nounforeshore, nounforest, nounfoul, adjectivefreak, adjectivefreeze, nounfresh, adjectivefreshen, verbfreshwater, adjectivefrost, nounfury, noungale, noungale force, adjectivegap, noungentle, adjectivegeyser, nounglacial, adjectiveglen, noungnarled, adjectivegrassy, adjectivegreen, adjectivegreenery, nounground, nounground level, noungulley, noungully, noungust, noungust, verbgusty, adjectivehail, nounhailstone, nounhailstorm, nounhaze, nounheadwind, nounheath, nounheather, nounheat wave, nounhigh tide, nounhigh water, nounhill, nounhillock, nounhillside, nounhill station, nounhilly, adjectivehoarfrost, nounhot spring, nounhummock, nounhurricane, nounice, nouniceberg, nounice cap, nouninclement, adjectiveincline, nounIndian summer, nouninland, adjectiveinland, adverbinlet, nouninshore, adverbisland, nounisle, nounislet, nounjetsam, nounjungle, nounknoll, nounlake, nounlakeside, adjectiveledge, nounlightning, nounlip, nounloch, nounlough, nounlow tide, nounlow water, nounmarshland, nounmeadow, nounmere, nounmild, adjectivemillpond, nounmire, nounmist, nounmisty, adjectivemoan, verbmoan, nounmonsoon, nounmoonless, adjectivemoor, nounmoorland, nounMother Nature, nounmound, nounmountain, nounmountainous, adjectivemountainside, nounmountaintop, nounmouth, nounmudflat, nounmull, nounmurmur, verbmurmur, nounnarrows, nounnestle, verbnew moon, nounnook, nounnorth, adjectivenortheast, adjectivenortheaster, nounnortheasterly, adjectivenortherly, adjectivenorthwest, adjectivenorthwester, nounnorthwesterly, adjectivenotch, nounoasis, nounonshore, adjectiveooze, nounoutcrop, nounovercast, adjectiveozone, nounpack ice, nounpalisade, nounpanorama, nounparch, verbparched, adjectivepass, nounpatchy, adjectivepeak, nounpeal, nounpeasouper, nounpebble, nounpelt, verbpenumbra, nounperishing, adjectivepinewood, nounpinnacle, nounpitiless, adjectivepond, nounpour, verbprecipice, nounprospect, nounpuddle, nounquicksand, nounradiate, verbraging, adjectiverain, nounrainbow, nounrain drop, nounrainfall, nounrainstorm, nounrainwater, nounrainy, adjectiverange, nounrapids, nounrarefied, adjectiveravine, nounraw, adjectiverecede, verbreedy, adjectivereef, nounreservoir, nounridge, nounrift, nounrime, nounrise, verbrise, nounrock, nounrocky, adjectiveroll, verbrolling, adjectiverough, adjectiverural, adjectivescenery, nounscud, verbsea breeze, nounsea mist, nounset, verbshore, nounsky, nounslope, nounsludge, nounsnow, nounsnowbound, adjectivesnow-capped, adjectivesnowdrift, nounsnowfall, nounsnowflake, nounsnowstorm, nounsnowy, adjectivesouth, adjectivesoutheast, adjectivesoutheaster, nounsoutheasterly, adjectivesoutherly, adjectivesouthwest, adjectivesouthwesterly, adjectivespinney, nounspring, nounstream, nounsullen, adjectivesultry, adjectivesummer, nounsummit, nounsun, nounsundown, nounsun-drenched, adjectivesunrise, nounsunset, nounsunshine, nounswamp, nounsweep, verbswollen, adjectivetempestuous, adjectivethaw, verbthaw, nounthicket, nounthin, adjectivethunder, verbthunderbolt, nounthunderstorm, nounthundery, adjectivetide, nountreeless, adjectivetree-lined, adjectivetrough, nounturf, nountussock, nountwilight, nounvale, nounvalley, nounverdant, adjectivevisibility, nounvoid, nounwashout, nounwater, nounwatercourse, nounwaterfall, nounwaterside, nounwaterspout, nounwax, verbwest, adjectivewest, adverbwestbound, adjectivewesterly, adjectivewesternmost, adjectivewestward, adverbwet, adjectivewhirlpool, nounwhirlwind, nounwhite horses, nounwhitewater, nounwild, adjectivewill o' the wisp, nounwind, nounwindstorm, nounwindswept, adjectivewindy, adjectivewood, nounwooded, adjectivewoodland, nounwoodsy, adjectivewoody, adjectivezephyr, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY Meanings 1 & 2adjectives► a severe frost (=when the temperature falls several degrees below freezing point)· Many plants were damaged by the severe frost. ► a hard/heavy frost (=a severe frost)· We’ve had three continuous nights of hard frost. ► a sharp frost (=a sudden severe frost)· There had been a sharp frost overnight. ► ground frost (=frost that forms only on the ground)· Scotland should have a dry night, with a touch of ground frost in northern glens. ► an early frost (=one that happens before winter)· I hoped the early frost wasn’t a sign of a bad winter to come. ► a late frost (=one that happens in late spring)· There’s always the danger of a late frost killing the buds. verbs► the frost melts · The frost was gradually melting. ► be covered in frost · The lawn was covered in frost. ► protect something against frost · The plants need to be protected against frost. frost + NOUN► frost damage (=damage to plants, caused by frost)· Some crop regions may have suffered frost damage. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► frosted glass (=glass with a rough surface so that it is not transparent)· The bathroom windows were made of frosted glass. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► early · The early frost today was a worry.· Dresden Heide Dresden Their feet crunched on the brittle undergrowth, leaving sharp footprints where the early morning frost had taken hold.· To see that the sowing is begun sufficiently early to avoid risks of early frosts. 17. ► hard · Mangolds must be lifted and clamped before the risk of any hard frost.· Apart from the brief cold spell in late November, we have had very few hard frosts.· And the snow was so hard with the frost that you could walk over it with safety.· After a hard frost the passage walls sweated and water trickled down the corridors.· It had been a very hard frost, the path was very slippery, and that night was particularly cold. ► heavy · Even when the blossom was browned by heavy frost just before Christmas, it took only a fortnight to recover.· I awoke the next morning to a heavy frost.· Frost bites HEAVY frost is threatening today's meetings.· It was exceptionally cold with a heavy frost.· After heavy frosts the roots may have lifted or loosened. ► late · Or late frosts, and drizzle throughout August?· Experts are blaming cool, wet weather throughout June, perhaps coupled with late frosts.· It would never survive, of course; the slightest hint of a late frost and it would wither and drop.· One afternoon I was bundled on to an open lorry where about 40 others were already shivering in the late autumn frost.· But late frosts may have hit the barleys, he believes. ► severe · Occasionally, as in the winter of 1982, there is severe frost.· Snow, water and severe frosts hit sport although still some action with grayling in upper reaches.· Plentiful moisture in the extreme northern latitudes, for example, is rendered useless by severe winter frost and an abbreviated growing season.· As soon as the chance of a severe frost is passed, remover any winter protection from semi-tender plants. ► sharp · There had been a sharp frost overnight and the ground was frozen hard.· The ground was hardened by a sharp frost making the going firm on a fine, sunny day.· There was a sharp edge of frost in the air. ► white · The pavements and cars are all covered in this white frost sort of stuff.· Their leaves fall in droves when the sun hits them in the morning, and then they settle on to white hoar frost.· Some of their potatoes have adapted to cold so they can still grow when their leaves are white with frost.· It was black as night at new moon and white as frost at first light.· Even with the blankets it was very chilly, and in the morning the ground was white with frost.· Cloud flooded the southern valleys but our night was clear and starry, the coldest yet, with a white ground frost.· There were stars in the clear, dark sky, and a white frost over the moor. NOUN► damage · Avoid an east-facing situation to prevent frost damage and cut back long growth immediately after flowering.· The market lost its earlier gains on perceptions the coldest temperatures came in areas where previous frost damage forced an early harvest.· This can then encourage rot to grow on timber, and may also result in frost damage to masonry in cold weather.· In mild winters apples buds began to break soon after Christmas, leaving them vulnerable to frost damage.· Service pipes can run the length of the house and may need insulating against frost damage where exposed. Phrases PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a hard winter/frost After a hard frost the passage walls sweated and water trickled down the corridors. All in all, the young have the odds stacked against them, especially in a hard winter. It looked as though it would be a hard winter. ► sharp wind/frost The ground was hardened by a sharp frost making the going firm on a fine, sunny day. There had been a sharp frost overnight and the ground was frozen hard. 1[countable, uncountable] very cold weather, when water freezeslate/early/first frost Even in May we can sometimes get a late frost.hard/heavy/sharp/severe frost (=extremely cold weather) three continuous nights of hard frost the risk of frost damage to crops2[uncountable] ice that looks white and powdery and covers things that are outside when the temperature is very cold:  The grass and trees were white with frost.COLLOCATIONS– Meanings 1 & 2adjectivesa severe frost (=when the temperature falls several degrees below freezing point)· Many plants were damaged by the severe frost.a hard/heavy frost (=a severe frost)· We’ve had three continuous nights of hard frost.a sharp frost (=a sudden severe frost)· There had been a sharp frost overnight.ground frost (=frost that forms only on the ground)· Scotland should have a dry night, with a touch of ground frost in northern glens.an early frost (=one that happens before winter)· I hoped the early frost wasn’t a sign of a bad winter to come.a late frost (=one that happens in late spring)· There’s always the danger of a late frost killing the buds.verbsthe frost melts· The frost was gradually melting.be covered in frost· The lawn was covered in frost.protect something against frost· The plants need to be protected against frost.frost + NOUNfrost damage (=damage to plants, caused by frost)· Some crop regions may have suffered frost damage. frost1 nounfrost2 verb frostfrost2 verb [transitive] Verb Table VERB TABLE frost Simple Form Present I, you, we, they frost he, she, it frosts Past I, you, he, she, it, we, they frosted Present perfect I, you, we, they have frosted he, she, it has frosted Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had frosted Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will frost Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have frosted Continuous Form Present I am frosting he, she, it is frosting you, we, they are frosting Past I, he, she, it was frosting you, we, they were frosting Present perfect I, you, we, they have been frosting he, she, it has been frosting Past perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they had been frosting Future I, you, he, she, it, we, they will be frosting Future perfect I, you, he, she, it, we, they will have been frosting Examples EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS As the particle is frosted with droplets of supercooled water, it begins the six-mile plunge to Earth. Continue beating while adding Karo syrup a little at a time, until frosting peaks. Mrs Clancy's was a marble cake frosted white and decorated with chocolate curls and chocolate creams. Overnight all the windowpanes had been frosted over. word sets WORD SETS► Cooking allspice, nounbake, verbbarbecue, verbbaste, verbblanch, verbboil, verbbottle, verbbouillon cube, nounbraise, verbbreadcrumbs, nounbreaded, adjectivebrine, nounbroil, verbbrown, verbbutter, verbcandied, adjectivecaper, nouncaramel, nouncardamom, nouncarve, verbcasserole, nouncasserole, verbcaster sugar, nouncharbroil, verbchervil, nounchestnut, nounchicory, nounchill, verbchilli powder, nounchip, verbcilantro, nouncinnamon, nounclean, verbclove, nouncochineal, nouncoconut, nouncook, verbcook, nouncookbook, nouncookery, nouncookery book, nouncordon bleu, adjectivecore, verbcoriander, nouncream, verbcrisp, verbcube, verbculinary, adjectivecumin, nouncurry powder, noundeep fry, verbdessertspoon, noundevilled, adjectivedice, verbdone, adjectivedress, verbessence, nounfat, nounflambé, adjectiveflan, nounflavouring, nounflour, nounflour, verbfrost, verbfrosting, nounfry, verbglaze, verbglaze, noungourmet, adjectivegourmet, noungrate, verbgrease, noungrease, verbgreaseproof paper, noungrill, verbgrill, noungrind, verbgut, verbhard-boiled, adjectivehaute cuisine, nounhob, nounhull, verbhusk, verbice, verbicebox, nounicing, nounicing sugar, nouningredient, nounjoint, verbknead, verblard, nounlard, verbleaven, nounliquidize, verbmarinade, nounmarinate, verbmarjoram, nounmicrowave, verbmince, verbmincer, nounmint, nounmix, verbmix, nounnouvelle cuisine, nounnutmeg, nounoil, nounolive oil, nounoverdone, adjectiveparboil, verbpare, verbpickle, verbpipe, verbpit, verbpitted, adjectivepkt, pluck, verbplum tomato, nounpoach, verbprecooked, adjectivepreheat, verbprep, verbprove, verbrecipe, nounreduce, verbrice paper, nounrind, nounrise, verbroast, verbroast, nounroast, adjectiverosemary, nounroux, nounsaffron, nounsage, nounsalt, nounsalt, verbsauce, nounsausage meat, nounsauté, verbsavory, nounscalloped, adjectivesear, verbseason, verbseasoning, nounself-raising flour, nounself-rising flour, nounsesame, nounshell, verbshortening, nounshort-order cook, nounshuck, verbsieve, verbsift, verbsifter, nounsimmer, verbsimmer, nounskewer, verbsmoke, verbsoak, verbsoda, nounsodium bicarbonate, nounspice, nounspice, verbspicy, adjectivestarch, nounsteam, verbsteep, verbstew, verbstock, nounstone, verbstrain, verbstuff, verbstuffing, nounsunny-side up, adjectivesweat, verbsweet-and-sour, adjectiveTabasco, nountandoori, adjectivetarragon, nountbsp, teaspoon, nountenderize, verbtenderloin, nountextured vegetable protein, nounthaw, verbthyme, nountimer, nountoast, nountoast, verbtoss, verbtruss, verbtsp, turmeric, noununderdone, adjectivevinaigrette, nounvinegar, nounwhip, verbwhisk, verbyeast, nounzap, verbzest, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► frosted glass (=glass with a rough surface so that it is not transparent)· The bathroom windows were made of frosted glass. Phrases PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a hard winter/frost After a hard frost the passage walls sweated and water trickled down the corridors. All in all, the young have the odds stacked against them, especially in a hard winter. It looked as though it would be a hard winter. ► sharp wind/frost The ground was hardened by a sharp frost making the going firm on a fine, sunny day. There had been a sharp frost overnight and the ground was frozen hard. especially American English to cover a cake with a mixture of powdery sugar and liquid SYN ice British Englishfrost over/up phrasal verb to become covered in frost:  Overnight all the windowpanes had frosted over.
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