英语词汇“analysis”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

WORD ORIGINanalysis

Origin:

1500-1600 Modern Latin, Greek, from analyein ‘to break up’

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES

An analysis of data from Australia shows that skin cancer is on the increase.
In the final analysis, it is the better organized party that will probably win.
Our analysis shows that proposed cost for the new highway is unrealistic.
The article provides a detailed analysis of various research designs.

EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS

A more accurate analysis of ulcer recurrence can be derived using lifetable analysis.
Bringing these out in the open and subjecting them to scrutiny and analysis will yield fruitful results.
In 1984 primiparous women over 35 were too few for analysis.
In terms of the analysis of the previous section, the imperfect industry shares become free to vary.
Just sitting down together as a family to draft an agreement can encourage analysis and co-operation.
Phonological analysis also interacts with syntactic and semantic analysis.
Such an inquiry could have produced serious questions and a thorough analysis regarding the precepts of Centralism that underlay the entire scheme.
This type of analysis is helpful to agency creative people, but has practical limitations.

Longman Language Activatorwhat you say to explain the most basic facts, reasons etc► basically

spoken say this when you want to talk about the most basic facts, reasons etc about something: · Basically we're looking for someone who can work three afternoons a week.· We only took a few shirts and a pair of jeans. That's basically it, really.· The film appears to be quite complicated but it's basically a love story.

► at the end of the day

British spoken say this when you are saying what you think is basically true about a situation after considering all the facts: · At the end of the day, the best team won.· You may be working for yourself but at the end of the day you still have to pay tax on what you earn.

► essentially

also in essence formal use this when you are explaining what the basic truth about something is: · She's added a few characters and changed some names but essentially this is a true story.· The theory of relativity is, in essence, very simple.

► in the final/last analysis

use this to say what you think is the basic truth about a situation after considering all the facts carefully: · In the final analysis Stalin was just as much a dictator as Hitler.· The responsibility for the accident must, in the last analysis, rest with the captain.

when something is examined► examination

when someone looks at something carefully and thoroughly to find out more about it: examination of: · Mandelbaum's new book is an examination of US foreign policy.careful/close/detailed/thorough examination: · A detailed examination of population statistics reveals a steady decline in the birth rate.be under examination (=be in the process of being examined): · The committee's latest proposals are still under examination.on closer examination (=when examined more carefully): · On closer examination the vases were found to be cracked in several places.

► analysis

a detailed examination of something in order to understand it better, especially when this involves studying a large amount of information: · Our analysis shows that the proposed cost for the new highway is unrealistic.analysis of: · An analysis of data from Australia shows that skin cancer is on the increase.detailed analysis: · The article provides a detailed analysis of various research designs.in the final analysis (=after all other ideas have been considered): · In the final analysis, it is the better organized party that will probably win.

► check

an examination of something to make sure that it is correct, safe, or satisfactory: check on: · There are regular checks on the quality of goods leaving our factory.carry out/run/do a check (=make a check): · All routine safety checks were carried out before the flight.spot check (=an unplanned check on a thing or person that is chosen from a group by chance): · Spot checks by customs officers led to the arrest of several drug smugglers.background check (=a check on what someone has done in the past): · The agency does background checks on all the nannies it hires.

► inspection

a thorough examination of something, especially by someone in an official position, in order to find out more about it or find out if it is satisfactory: inspection of: · There are regular inspections of the prison by government health officers.carry out an inspection: · Admiral Naumenko personally carried out an inspection of the fleet.on/upon closer inspection (=when you look at something more carefully): · The bundle, on closer inspection, turned out to be a small child.

► study

a careful examination of or research into a particular subject or problem in which the process and results are reported in a written document: study of: · Studies of dolphins have shown that they are able to communicate information to each other.make a study: · A series of studies was made to discover the relationship between diet and behavior.

► scrutiny

formal careful and thorough examination of something: · The company's plans for expansion have attracted scrutiny from consumer groups.scrutiny of: · Airlines have increased their scrutiny of the size and amount of carry-on luggage.under scrutiny: · The city's elections department has been under scrutiny since last year.close/intense/careful scrutiny: · Closer scrutiny of the document revealed a number of interesting facts.come under public scrutiny (=begin to be closely examined by people): · Once you become famous your private life comes under public scrutiny.

WORD SETS► Nurses, Doctors, etc

anaesthetist, nounanalysis, nounanalyst, nounanesthesiologist, nounantenatal, adjectiveapothecary, nounautopsy, nouncaregiver, nouncarer, nouncaring, adjectivecharge nurse, nounchemist, nounchiropodist, nounclinic, nounconsultant, nounconsultation, noundental hygienist, noundental nurse, noundental surgeon, noundentist, noundiagnosis, noundoc, noundoctor, nounDr, family practice, nounflying doctor, noungeneral practice, noungeneral practitioner, noungown, nounGP, noungroup practice, nounhealth care, nounhealth centre, nounhealth service, nounhealth visitor, nounHippocratic oath, nounhouseman, nounhygienist, nounintern, nouninternist, nouninvasive, adjectivelocum, nounMD, nounmedic, nounmedical certificate, nounmedical practitioner, nounmedico, nounM.O., nounnurse, nounnurse, verbnursing, nounobstetrician, nounoculist, nounoperate, verboperation, nounoptician, nounoptometrist, nounorthodontist, nounorthopedist, nounosteopath, nounpaediatrician, nounparamedic, nounphysician, nounphysio, nounphysiotherapist, nounpodiatrist, nounporter, nounprescribe, verbprescription, nounprognosis, nounpsychiatrist, nounpsychoanalyst, nounquack, nounregistrar, nounresident, nounscalpel, nounsister, nounspecialist, nounspecimen, nounstaff nurse, nounstethoscope, nounsurgeon, nounsurgery, nountreatment, nounwitch-doctor, noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYADJECTIVES/NOUN + analysis► a detailed/in-depth analysis

· a detailed analysis of the firm’s earnings

► an in-depth analysis

(=detailed analysis)· an in-depth analysis of global warming

► a careful/close analysis

· Students learn to make a close analysis of the texts.

► a brief analysis

· Let’s start with a brief analysis of the situation.

► statistical analysis

(=using statistics)· Their research was based on statistical analysis.

► a critical analysis

(=that makes judgements about how good or bad something is)· Write a critical analysis of the following poem.

► economic/political/scientific etc analysis

· His book provided a scientific analysis of human behaviour.

► data analysis

· the use of databases for data analysis

verbs► be based on an analysis of something

· This work has been based entirely on an analysis of large mammals.

► do/carry out/perform/conduct an analysis

· No similar analysis has been done in this country.

► provide/produce an analysis

· The report provided an analysis of the problems we need to address.

► an analysis shows something

· DNA analysis shows that the blood and the saliva come from the same person.

► an analysis suggests/indicates something

· Our analysis suggests that these problems are widespread.

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► careful analysis/examination/study etc

careful analysis of the data

► data analysis

· Computers are increasingly used for data analysis.

► detailed description/account/analysis etc

a detailed study of crime in Seattle

► in-depth study/research/analysis etc

an in-depth study of patients’ needs

► a qualitative analysis/study

a qualitative study of educational services qualitative research

► quantitative analysis/methods/data etc

We need to do a proper quantitative analysis of this problem.

► a rational analysis

· Emotions are running so high that any rational analysis of the situation is difficult.

► statistical analysis

statistical analysis

► SWOT analysis

a SWOT analysis

► undertake a review/analysis

· The Court of Appeal decided to undertake a review of the Law.

COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► careful

· A careful strategic analysis as described in chapter 4 will help to lessen the disadvantages of using leading indicators.· Under careful analysis, however, the imagined alternatives do not stand up as realistic.· But it does lend itself to careful analysis and preparation which may well pay off during the actual bargaining.· This, it seems to me, is an issue worthy of careful analysis.· Any careful cost-benefit analysis will show that every social practice and institution has limitations and presents difficulties as well as opportunities.· He talked about the civil rights movement, the need for political engagement, careful analysis, honest leadership.· It is careful analysis and a clear direction that will bring rewards.· The key factor in making better decisions is a careful analysis of what an organization believes about itself and its environment.

► chemical

· As a multi-skilled employee, her shifts involve chemical analysis, production monitoring and work as a colourist.· It is also important that the chemical analysis of the specimen be started within 20 minutes of drawing the specimen. 191.· Ceramics Two general approaches have been much used: thin-section petrography and chemical analysis of the body fabric or composition.· It remains one of the most sensitive methods for chemical analysis ever developed.· Part of the bile samples were frozen at -20°C until chemical analysis.· One was sampled and subjected to chemical and structural analysis.· Typically, the chemical analysis for each sample yields results on over twenty elements.

► comparative

· Nevertheless an independent review emerged with a comparative analysis of a complex field.· The former agent did a comparative analysis of the manifesto and five pages of letters and essays authored by Theodore.· It may be possible to apply all of these to groups who contrast in some way, so facilitating a comparative analysis.· Their comparative analysis tests the linear and non-linear forms of the relationship between income inequality and political violence.· Thus detailed comparative analysis of different religions is possible.· A comparative analysis of course documents made the extent and systematic nature of the changes quite evident.· This makes any comparative analysis of data recorded at different times or using different aggregation units problematical.· The comparative institutional analysis outlined above proceeds as follows.

► critical

· We will make a new commitment to critical viewing skills education and critical media analysis. 6.· Professional employees should concentrate on working relationships and attempt to stay away from a critical analysis of personalities.· In some cultures, critical analysis of texts is relatively unknown and may, indeed, be thought offensive.· The critical analysis of local and central government performance by the project teams further precipitated the demise of the program.· Not dissimilar from the system known as critical path analysis, the approach envisaged should show a time-scale allocation against each task.· And yet Roosevelt was not spared the lash of critical analysis.· There is also a critical analysis of the paper Religious and Moral Education 5-14 by.· It is also useful to carry out your own critical analysis of an essay you have completed.

► detailed

· Irvine has presented a detailed analysis of the controversy regarding the role of these two inositol phosphates in regulating calcium entry.· Chapters 6 and 7 provide a detailed analysis of code switching behaviour.· But it fell far short of providing the detailed model-by-model defect analysis demanded by Mr Gummer's critics.· Any relocation depends on a detailed cost/benefit analysis being carried out to ensure that the exercise is truly worthwhile.· But later in the day, a detailed analysis showed the concentrations to be safe.· This section contains a detailed analysis of the behavioural determinants.· In his book, Mowat proceeds to a detailed analysis of the part played by MacDonald in the crisis.· More detailed analysis suggests the press was more successful at influencing assessments of party performance on unemployment than on other issues.

► economic

· It is the economic analysis which Porter demands that determines what quality, product and service mean in each case.· Traditional economic analysis is premised on the assumption that more is better.· From the perspective of economic analysis, children are high-priced consumption goods that are rapidly becoming more expensive.· I am referring here to the recent growth in economic analysis of politics and law.· Neither of these seems to be a show-stopper, but both factors must be taken into account in a detailed economic analysis.· Again, economic analysis explores both the rationale and the efficiency of such government intervention.· In some cases, an economic analysis is also possible.

► final

· The inaccessible lesions were included in the final analysis as the aim was to evaluate this procedure according to the intention to treat.· In the final analysis, the Supreme Court will be called upon to resolve these conflicting interpretations.· But in the final analysis it had been he who wanted out.· It should also comfort to recognize that, in the final analysis, these sums are operating to purify decision-making.· All arts are in the final analysis.· But in the final analysis, these are just details.· Whether Innocent could have achieved his ends earlier or by better means must in the final analysis be a matter of opinion.· In the final analysis, it is hard to imagine just what Boschwitz thought he would accomplish with the letter.

► further

· These patients were excluded from further analysis.· The meeting therefore set the stage for further in-depth analysis.· If further size analysis is to be undertaken the best procedure is to use two identical sub-samples.· Acceptable word candidates remaining after lexical look-up are stored for further analysis.· This hypothesis requires further analysis of the passive voice before it can be considered confirmed however.· Results showing improved recognition rates after further analysis are presented.· A further analysis using data disaggregated by type of good will be carried out to try and identify where these shifts originated.

► quantitative

· It is the basis of quantitative chemical analysis, for example.· Using quantitative analysis and charts of past currency movements, he predicts the dollar will rally briefly in the first quarter.· Where quantitative analysis requires mathematical and computer skills, area studies require language training and extensive field research.· His critical judgments about quantitative sociology also are not sufficiently illuminating at a craft level to make quantitative analysis more fruitful.· Because of the frequent occurrence of kept, this causes difficulties in quantitative analysis.· However, if the study involves quantitative analysis of data, then some discussion is in order.· As the discussion in this section has implied, a general analysis of the phonological system is a prerequisite to quantitative analysis.· These are quantitative decisions, and quantitative analysis must guide them.

► statistical

· The research is conducted by statistical analysis of secondary data on client companies and on market prices.· After all, the key to the proper use of statistical analysis is the correct identification of levels of measurement.· Cricket, an old and complex game, naturally lends itself to statistical analysis.· Fortunately, our customer was running the same problem on a traditional statistical analysis program.· The democratic principle is one person one vote, as is the principle of statistical analysis.· A statistical analysis selected those strategies more frequently used in successful than unsuccessful situations.· Dedicated software permitted statistical analysis of the data obtained.· As far as we know, no other statistical analysis simulation software has even pro-posed doing this.

NOUN► discourse

· Some of the procedures of discourse analysis will make for a more profound examination of this process.· At the beginning of the article he observed that there were two possible directions for discourse analysis.· The more recent studies of discourse analysis have captured the tones which people use to talk of others.· We have, then, two approaches to language: sentence linguistics and discourse analysis.· For discourse analysis, the most important idea to come out of the field of Artificial Intelligence is that of knowledge schemata.· Recent linguistic work on characterisation has used the principles and analytical techniques of pragmatics and discourse analysis to considerable effect.· Thus, in discourse analysis, reference is treated as an action on the part of the speaker / writer.· We are, after all, performing a descriptive and not a prescriptive exercise when we undertake discourse analysis.

► regression

· Again, this was confirmed by the application of simple statistical regression analysis.· The relationships between variables were evaluated by the simple correlation coefficient and a multiple regression analysis.· To investigate relations between sets of possible explanatory factors and each outcome variable a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used.· We can use multiple regression analysis to discover the relative influence of these factors on perceptions.· Bjornsson decided not to use a formula derived from multiple regression analysis.· Table V shows results of stepwise multiple linear regression analysis of outcome variables from the ventilated infants.· Among modifiable factors only access to a dietitian and an interested general practitioner featured significantly in the final multiple regression analysis.· Multiple stepwise regression analysis was also applied.

VERB► apply

· For example, applying this analysis to mental and different kinds of practical tests produces the following scheme shown in Table 2.1.· It is possible, however, to continue to apply our usual analysis in one special but useful case.· In this book the author gives an overview of flow injection analysis as applied to the analysis of pharmaceuticals and related products.· From this point we can apply our usual analysis.· Does this enable the court to take into account the comparative social utility of the product and apply a cost-benefit analysis?· What has remained from my original reaction is a concern that Mills failed to apply his type of analysis to local communities.· Young's scheme is theoretical; it has not yet been applied to the analysis of case material from this country.· By applying heightened equal protection analysis to this case, the Court frustrates the liberating spirit of the Equal Protection Clause.

► based

· Maturation studies, based on geochemical analysis, demonstrate that gas-generative maturity is largely dependent on Jurassic burial.· The following summary is based on her analysis.· The two subgroups represent real 16S variants based on analysis of secondary structure.· Also, when decisions based on that analysis process are made, they get implemented rather than lost in the functional silos.· So our gains in youth work have been marked by surges of confidence based on a developing analysis.· Three decades later, free-thinker James Lovelock arrived at the same conclusions based on his telescopic analysis of other planets.· It is hoped eventually to suggest training improvements based upon the analysis of selling skills.· First, such a work construct should be based on the analysis of activity, not states of mind.

► carry

· No single function can carry out such an analysis reliably.· Do you have the necessary resources to carry out the workflow analysis and business process re-engineering?· No-one appeared to carry out an analysis of pupils' needs.· This team carries out information-related analysis and programming for all teaching and non-teaching departments.· Discuss how your analysis would have been altered if you were carrying out the analysis on behalf of a prospective shareholder.· Clarity about the nature of the task involved can be achieved by carrying out a task analysis.

► detail

· The system provides operators with detailed real-time analysis of the status of all of their fleets.· Neither of these seems to be a show-stopper, but both factors must be taken into account in a detailed economic analysis.· Further detailed analysis of the evidence in Table 5.13 is prevented by data constraints.· The mass is assumed to be inactive politically and is rarely subjected to detailed analysis.

► include

· The inaccessible lesions were included in the final analysis as the aim was to evaluate this procedure according to the intention to treat.· Also included was the analysis of the Hagelin B-21 1 Cryptograph.· Since the modifications were only slight, data from the piloting stage were included in the final analysis.· Products are available that do character recognition and handwriting analysis, including analysis of complex characters.· Studies include analysis of the genetics of growth using laboratory animals and of quantitative production traits in livestock.· Data from these two patients are included in the statistical analysis of the diagnostic anorectal manometry, as they were incontinent.· Applications include materials analysis in thin film, thick film, insulators, semiconductors, ceramics, metals and alloys.· Only taxa with complete 16S rDNA sequences were included in the analysis.

► involve

· As a multi-skilled employee, her shifts involve chemical analysis, production monitoring and work as a colourist.· Step 3 involves the analysis and interpretation of the numerical information developed in Step 2.· The research will involve analysis of legal documentation, synthesis of existing research and interviews with representatives of interest groups.· However, if the study involves quantitative analysis of data, then some discussion is in order.· Conceptual clustering involves more detailed analysis of relationships between traits.· This approach is broadly statistical in nature, as it involves corpus analysis to determine the empirical likelihood of various syntactic combinations.· In summary, the key to understanding society from a Marxist perspective involves an analysis of the infrastructure.· It should be on the shelve of all analysts involved in regulatory compliance analysis of metals.

► perform

· To explore the mode of inheritance further we performed a complex segregation analysis.· A major problem with the approach adopted is that there is not enough detail to allow you to actually perform the analysis.· The first approach is to perform syntactic analysis first then have a second pass convert the syntactic tree to a semantic representation.· It is therefore important to be able to perform discrete sensitivity analysis and to handle lower bounds.· Moreover, to be able to perform a reliable statistical analysis the sample size must be considerably larger.· Unfortunately this method has a number of drawbacks, notably the time taken to perform the analysis.· I Charreau, who prepared the randomisation list and performed the intermediate analysis.

► provide

· The results are sent to the agency which then provides a statistical analysis of all results to each participating laboratory.· Sir Robin and Judy Laybourne will be providing news and analysis of the region's political scene.· A range of third party applications is also available, providing analysis capabilities and visual displays.· Four main strategies have been utilized to provide the data for analysis via a sequence such as that indicated in Figure 3.1.· The written press provides back-up, analysis and in-depth knowledge but rarely encourages or inspires people.· It will provide a systematic analysis of the issues involved in three ways.· This, in turn, provides a basis for analysis of case-mix and volume and their subsequent management.

► use

· A culture is very much like the experimental space used in the analysis of behavior.· Our findings are intended not to replace, but to supplement other materials used for the analysis of political systems.· We can use multiple regression analysis to discover the relative influence of these factors on perceptions.· These kinds of questions also underscore the importance of defining with precision the concepts that we use in political analysis.· He used Pareto analysis to identify the principal cause as a loose loading arm.· This was the sample used for the analysis of birth weight, gestational age, and respiratory symptoms.· The two are aiming to develop three demonstrators for advanced pattern recognition systems that could be used for data analysis.· The Department of Health has signalled its intention to review the formula in the light of 1991 census data, again using small area analysis.

PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► in the final/last analysis

In the final analysis Stalin was just as much a dictator as Hitler.
In the final analysis, the project was a failure.
The responsibility for the accident must, in the last analysis, rest with the captain.
And, in the final analysis, are they any good?
But in the final analysis it had been he who wanted out.
But in the final analysis, these are just details.
It should also comfort to recognize that, in the final analysis, these sums are operating to purify decision-making.
That, in the final analysis, is what organizational control is all about.
The pressures driving research evaluation are, in the final analysis, political.
The shift of leadership to John Smith may seem temporarily convincing, but it is in the last analysis cosmetic.
The Trotskyist movement could benefit only in the final analysis and in the long range.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► comparative study/analysis etc

All the topics covered would have to be placed in context but there would be no, say, comparative studies.
Other recent examples of comparative studies are those of Lowe - independent study modules and lecture tours, in 1981.
She said a comparative study of about 15, 000 randomly selected Gulf War veterans is planned for the near future.
Space and resources preclude an exhaustive or even an extensive comparative study in this work.
The comparative study of institutions is not new in political science.
The comparative study of kinship terminologies is one of the longest established traditions in academic anthropology.
Thus, the comparative analysis of achievable stopping patterns by bus, light rail and suburban rail is well done.

► cost-benefit analysis/study/approach

Any careful cost-benefit analysis will show that every social practice and institution has limitations and presents difficulties as well as opportunities.
Does this enable the court to take into account the comparative social utility of the product and apply a cost-benefit analysis?
Easing actions were subject to an instant cost-benefit analysis.
Economists have long been calling for safety regulations to be subject to cost-benefit analysis.
Environmental intangibles have been built into the cost-benefit analysis in the same way as they are for road schemes.
Few laws require cost-benefit analysis for new rules and many actively prohibit it.
The port should have the results of a cost-benefit analysis within 120 days, Bowman said.
The third approach to merger policy is the cost-benefit approach.

► defy description/analysis/belief etc

His changeable features, his tones, gestures and expressions seemed to defy descriptions.
His swerve was something that defied analysis; just as it defied attempts to counter it.
It defies belief and makes you question exactly who the law is protecting here: the sick minds or their young victims?
Like the secret of Stradivari's varnish, this extra dimension defies analysis.
The dam defied description; it defied belief.
Two other women lay upon the counter a pickle-bottle and a glass vessel of a kind which altogether defies description.
Yet other species exhibit variation patterns that defy analysis of the sophistication of present-day biology.

WORD FAMILYnounanalysisanalystadjectiveanalyticalverbanalyze

单词	analysis
释义	analysisa‧nal‧y‧sis /əˈnælɪsɪs/ ●●○ S3 W3 AWL noun (plural analyses /-siːz/) Word Origin WORD ORIGINanalysis Origin: 1500-1600 Modern Latin, Greek, from analyein ‘to break up’ Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES An analysis of data from Australia shows that skin cancer is on the increase. In the final analysis, it is the better organized party that will probably win. Our analysis shows that proposed cost for the new highway is unrealistic. The article provides a detailed analysis of various research designs. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS A more accurate analysis of ulcer recurrence can be derived using lifetable analysis. Bringing these out in the open and subjecting them to scrutiny and analysis will yield fruitful results. In 1984 primiparous women over 35 were too few for analysis. In terms of the analysis of the previous section, the imperfect industry shares become free to vary. Just sitting down together as a family to draft an agreement can encourage analysis and co-operation. Phonological analysis also interacts with syntactic and semantic analysis. Such an inquiry could have produced serious questions and a thorough analysis regarding the precepts of Centralism that underlay the entire scheme. This type of analysis is helpful to agency creative people, but has practical limitations. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatorwhat you say to explain the most basic facts, reasons etc► basically spoken say this when you want to talk about the most basic facts, reasons etc about something: · Basically we're looking for someone who can work three afternoons a week.· We only took a few shirts and a pair of jeans. That's basically it, really.· The film appears to be quite complicated but it's basically a love story. ► at the end of the day British spoken say this when you are saying what you think is basically true about a situation after considering all the facts: · At the end of the day, the best team won.· You may be working for yourself but at the end of the day you still have to pay tax on what you earn. ► essentially also in essence formal use this when you are explaining what the basic truth about something is: · She's added a few characters and changed some names but essentially this is a true story.· The theory of relativity is, in essence, very simple. ► in the final/last analysis use this to say what you think is the basic truth about a situation after considering all the facts carefully: · In the final analysis Stalin was just as much a dictator as Hitler.· The responsibility for the accident must, in the last analysis, rest with the captain. when something is examined► examination when someone looks at something carefully and thoroughly to find out more about it: examination of: · Mandelbaum's new book is an examination of US foreign policy.careful/close/detailed/thorough examination: · A detailed examination of population statistics reveals a steady decline in the birth rate.be under examination (=be in the process of being examined): · The committee's latest proposals are still under examination.on closer examination (=when examined more carefully): · On closer examination the vases were found to be cracked in several places. ► analysis a detailed examination of something in order to understand it better, especially when this involves studying a large amount of information: · Our analysis shows that the proposed cost for the new highway is unrealistic.analysis of: · An analysis of data from Australia shows that skin cancer is on the increase.detailed analysis: · The article provides a detailed analysis of various research designs.in the final analysis (=after all other ideas have been considered): · In the final analysis, it is the better organized party that will probably win. ► check an examination of something to make sure that it is correct, safe, or satisfactory: check on: · There are regular checks on the quality of goods leaving our factory.carry out/run/do a check (=make a check): · All routine safety checks were carried out before the flight.spot check (=an unplanned check on a thing or person that is chosen from a group by chance): · Spot checks by customs officers led to the arrest of several drug smugglers.background check (=a check on what someone has done in the past): · The agency does background checks on all the nannies it hires. ► inspection a thorough examination of something, especially by someone in an official position, in order to find out more about it or find out if it is satisfactory: inspection of: · There are regular inspections of the prison by government health officers.carry out an inspection: · Admiral Naumenko personally carried out an inspection of the fleet.on/upon closer inspection (=when you look at something more carefully): · The bundle, on closer inspection, turned out to be a small child. ► study a careful examination of or research into a particular subject or problem in which the process and results are reported in a written document: study of: · Studies of dolphins have shown that they are able to communicate information to each other.make a study: · A series of studies was made to discover the relationship between diet and behavior. ► scrutiny formal careful and thorough examination of something: · The company's plans for expansion have attracted scrutiny from consumer groups.scrutiny of: · Airlines have increased their scrutiny of the size and amount of carry-on luggage.under scrutiny: · The city's elections department has been under scrutiny since last year.close/intense/careful scrutiny: · Closer scrutiny of the document revealed a number of interesting facts.come under public scrutiny (=begin to be closely examined by people): · Once you become famous your private life comes under public scrutiny. WORD SETS► Nurses, Doctors, etc anaesthetist, nounanalysis, nounanalyst, nounanesthesiologist, nounantenatal, adjectiveapothecary, nounautopsy, nouncaregiver, nouncarer, nouncaring, adjectivecharge nurse, nounchemist, nounchiropodist, nounclinic, nounconsultant, nounconsultation, noundental hygienist, noundental nurse, noundental surgeon, noundentist, noundiagnosis, noundoc, noundoctor, nounDr, family practice, nounflying doctor, noungeneral practice, noungeneral practitioner, noungown, nounGP, noungroup practice, nounhealth care, nounhealth centre, nounhealth service, nounhealth visitor, nounHippocratic oath, nounhouseman, nounhygienist, nounintern, nouninternist, nouninvasive, adjectivelocum, nounMD, nounmedic, nounmedical certificate, nounmedical practitioner, nounmedico, nounM.O., nounnurse, nounnurse, verbnursing, nounobstetrician, nounoculist, nounoperate, verboperation, nounoptician, nounoptometrist, nounorthodontist, nounorthopedist, nounosteopath, nounpaediatrician, nounparamedic, nounphysician, nounphysio, nounphysiotherapist, nounpodiatrist, nounporter, nounprescribe, verbprescription, nounprognosis, nounpsychiatrist, nounpsychoanalyst, nounquack, nounregistrar, nounresident, nounscalpel, nounsister, nounspecialist, nounspecimen, nounstaff nurse, nounstethoscope, nounsurgeon, nounsurgery, nountreatment, nounwitch-doctor, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRYADJECTIVES/NOUN + analysis► a detailed/in-depth analysis · a detailed analysis of the firm’s earnings ► an in-depth analysis (=detailed analysis)· an in-depth analysis of global warming ► a careful/close analysis · Students learn to make a close analysis of the texts. ► a brief analysis · Let’s start with a brief analysis of the situation. ► statistical analysis (=using statistics)· Their research was based on statistical analysis. ► a critical analysis (=that makes judgements about how good or bad something is)· Write a critical analysis of the following poem. ► economic/political/scientific etc analysis · His book provided a scientific analysis of human behaviour. ► data analysis · the use of databases for data analysis verbs► be based on an analysis of something · This work has been based entirely on an analysis of large mammals. ► do/carry out/perform/conduct an analysis · No similar analysis has been done in this country. ► provide/produce an analysis · The report provided an analysis of the problems we need to address. ► an analysis shows something · DNA analysis shows that the blood and the saliva come from the same person. ► an analysis suggests/indicates something · Our analysis suggests that these problems are widespread. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► careful analysis/examination/study etc careful analysis of the data ► data analysis · Computers are increasingly used for data analysis. ► detailed description/account/analysis etc a detailed study of crime in Seattle ► in-depth study/research/analysis etc an in-depth study of patients’ needs ► a qualitative analysis/study a qualitative study of educational services qualitative research ► quantitative analysis/methods/data etc We need to do a proper quantitative analysis of this problem. ► a rational analysis · Emotions are running so high that any rational analysis of the situation is difficult. ► statistical analysis statistical analysis ► SWOT analysis a SWOT analysis ► undertake a review/analysis · The Court of Appeal decided to undertake a review of the Law. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► careful · A careful strategic analysis as described in chapter 4 will help to lessen the disadvantages of using leading indicators.· Under careful analysis, however, the imagined alternatives do not stand up as realistic.· But it does lend itself to careful analysis and preparation which may well pay off during the actual bargaining.· This, it seems to me, is an issue worthy of careful analysis.· Any careful cost-benefit analysis will show that every social practice and institution has limitations and presents difficulties as well as opportunities.· He talked about the civil rights movement, the need for political engagement, careful analysis, honest leadership.· It is careful analysis and a clear direction that will bring rewards.· The key factor in making better decisions is a careful analysis of what an organization believes about itself and its environment. ► chemical · As a multi-skilled employee, her shifts involve chemical analysis, production monitoring and work as a colourist.· It is also important that the chemical analysis of the specimen be started within 20 minutes of drawing the specimen. 191.· Ceramics Two general approaches have been much used: thin-section petrography and chemical analysis of the body fabric or composition.· It remains one of the most sensitive methods for chemical analysis ever developed.· Part of the bile samples were frozen at -20°C until chemical analysis.· One was sampled and subjected to chemical and structural analysis.· Typically, the chemical analysis for each sample yields results on over twenty elements. ► comparative · Nevertheless an independent review emerged with a comparative analysis of a complex field.· The former agent did a comparative analysis of the manifesto and five pages of letters and essays authored by Theodore.· It may be possible to apply all of these to groups who contrast in some way, so facilitating a comparative analysis.· Their comparative analysis tests the linear and non-linear forms of the relationship between income inequality and political violence.· Thus detailed comparative analysis of different religions is possible.· A comparative analysis of course documents made the extent and systematic nature of the changes quite evident.· This makes any comparative analysis of data recorded at different times or using different aggregation units problematical.· The comparative institutional analysis outlined above proceeds as follows. ► critical · We will make a new commitment to critical viewing skills education and critical media analysis. 6.· Professional employees should concentrate on working relationships and attempt to stay away from a critical analysis of personalities.· In some cultures, critical analysis of texts is relatively unknown and may, indeed, be thought offensive.· The critical analysis of local and central government performance by the project teams further precipitated the demise of the program.· Not dissimilar from the system known as critical path analysis, the approach envisaged should show a time-scale allocation against each task.· And yet Roosevelt was not spared the lash of critical analysis.· There is also a critical analysis of the paper Religious and Moral Education 5-14 by.· It is also useful to carry out your own critical analysis of an essay you have completed. ► detailed · Irvine has presented a detailed analysis of the controversy regarding the role of these two inositol phosphates in regulating calcium entry.· Chapters 6 and 7 provide a detailed analysis of code switching behaviour.· But it fell far short of providing the detailed model-by-model defect analysis demanded by Mr Gummer's critics.· Any relocation depends on a detailed cost/benefit analysis being carried out to ensure that the exercise is truly worthwhile.· But later in the day, a detailed analysis showed the concentrations to be safe.· This section contains a detailed analysis of the behavioural determinants.· In his book, Mowat proceeds to a detailed analysis of the part played by MacDonald in the crisis.· More detailed analysis suggests the press was more successful at influencing assessments of party performance on unemployment than on other issues. ► economic · It is the economic analysis which Porter demands that determines what quality, product and service mean in each case.· Traditional economic analysis is premised on the assumption that more is better.· From the perspective of economic analysis, children are high-priced consumption goods that are rapidly becoming more expensive.· I am referring here to the recent growth in economic analysis of politics and law.· Neither of these seems to be a show-stopper, but both factors must be taken into account in a detailed economic analysis.· Again, economic analysis explores both the rationale and the efficiency of such government intervention.· In some cases, an economic analysis is also possible. ► final · The inaccessible lesions were included in the final analysis as the aim was to evaluate this procedure according to the intention to treat.· In the final analysis, the Supreme Court will be called upon to resolve these conflicting interpretations.· But in the final analysis it had been he who wanted out.· It should also comfort to recognize that, in the final analysis, these sums are operating to purify decision-making.· All arts are in the final analysis.· But in the final analysis, these are just details.· Whether Innocent could have achieved his ends earlier or by better means must in the final analysis be a matter of opinion.· In the final analysis, it is hard to imagine just what Boschwitz thought he would accomplish with the letter. ► further · These patients were excluded from further analysis.· The meeting therefore set the stage for further in-depth analysis.· If further size analysis is to be undertaken the best procedure is to use two identical sub-samples.· Acceptable word candidates remaining after lexical look-up are stored for further analysis.· This hypothesis requires further analysis of the passive voice before it can be considered confirmed however.· Results showing improved recognition rates after further analysis are presented.· A further analysis using data disaggregated by type of good will be carried out to try and identify where these shifts originated. ► quantitative · It is the basis of quantitative chemical analysis, for example.· Using quantitative analysis and charts of past currency movements, he predicts the dollar will rally briefly in the first quarter.· Where quantitative analysis requires mathematical and computer skills, area studies require language training and extensive field research.· His critical judgments about quantitative sociology also are not sufficiently illuminating at a craft level to make quantitative analysis more fruitful.· Because of the frequent occurrence of kept, this causes difficulties in quantitative analysis.· However, if the study involves quantitative analysis of data, then some discussion is in order.· As the discussion in this section has implied, a general analysis of the phonological system is a prerequisite to quantitative analysis.· These are quantitative decisions, and quantitative analysis must guide them. ► statistical · The research is conducted by statistical analysis of secondary data on client companies and on market prices.· After all, the key to the proper use of statistical analysis is the correct identification of levels of measurement.· Cricket, an old and complex game, naturally lends itself to statistical analysis.· Fortunately, our customer was running the same problem on a traditional statistical analysis program.· The democratic principle is one person one vote, as is the principle of statistical analysis.· A statistical analysis selected those strategies more frequently used in successful than unsuccessful situations.· Dedicated software permitted statistical analysis of the data obtained.· As far as we know, no other statistical analysis simulation software has even pro-posed doing this. NOUN► discourse · Some of the procedures of discourse analysis will make for a more profound examination of this process.· At the beginning of the article he observed that there were two possible directions for discourse analysis.· The more recent studies of discourse analysis have captured the tones which people use to talk of others.· We have, then, two approaches to language: sentence linguistics and discourse analysis.· For discourse analysis, the most important idea to come out of the field of Artificial Intelligence is that of knowledge schemata.· Recent linguistic work on characterisation has used the principles and analytical techniques of pragmatics and discourse analysis to considerable effect.· Thus, in discourse analysis, reference is treated as an action on the part of the speaker / writer.· We are, after all, performing a descriptive and not a prescriptive exercise when we undertake discourse analysis. ► regression · Again, this was confirmed by the application of simple statistical regression analysis.· The relationships between variables were evaluated by the simple correlation coefficient and a multiple regression analysis.· To investigate relations between sets of possible explanatory factors and each outcome variable a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used.· We can use multiple regression analysis to discover the relative influence of these factors on perceptions.· Bjornsson decided not to use a formula derived from multiple regression analysis.· Table V shows results of stepwise multiple linear regression analysis of outcome variables from the ventilated infants.· Among modifiable factors only access to a dietitian and an interested general practitioner featured significantly in the final multiple regression analysis.· Multiple stepwise regression analysis was also applied. VERB► apply · For example, applying this analysis to mental and different kinds of practical tests produces the following scheme shown in Table 2.1.· It is possible, however, to continue to apply our usual analysis in one special but useful case.· In this book the author gives an overview of flow injection analysis as applied to the analysis of pharmaceuticals and related products.· From this point we can apply our usual analysis.· Does this enable the court to take into account the comparative social utility of the product and apply a cost-benefit analysis?· What has remained from my original reaction is a concern that Mills failed to apply his type of analysis to local communities.· Young's scheme is theoretical; it has not yet been applied to the analysis of case material from this country.· By applying heightened equal protection analysis to this case, the Court frustrates the liberating spirit of the Equal Protection Clause. ► based · Maturation studies, based on geochemical analysis, demonstrate that gas-generative maturity is largely dependent on Jurassic burial.· The following summary is based on her analysis.· The two subgroups represent real 16S variants based on analysis of secondary structure.· Also, when decisions based on that analysis process are made, they get implemented rather than lost in the functional silos.· So our gains in youth work have been marked by surges of confidence based on a developing analysis.· Three decades later, free-thinker James Lovelock arrived at the same conclusions based on his telescopic analysis of other planets.· It is hoped eventually to suggest training improvements based upon the analysis of selling skills.· First, such a work construct should be based on the analysis of activity, not states of mind. ► carry · No single function can carry out such an analysis reliably.· Do you have the necessary resources to carry out the workflow analysis and business process re-engineering?· No-one appeared to carry out an analysis of pupils' needs.· This team carries out information-related analysis and programming for all teaching and non-teaching departments.· Discuss how your analysis would have been altered if you were carrying out the analysis on behalf of a prospective shareholder.· Clarity about the nature of the task involved can be achieved by carrying out a task analysis. ► detail · The system provides operators with detailed real-time analysis of the status of all of their fleets.· Neither of these seems to be a show-stopper, but both factors must be taken into account in a detailed economic analysis.· Further detailed analysis of the evidence in Table 5.13 is prevented by data constraints.· The mass is assumed to be inactive politically and is rarely subjected to detailed analysis. ► include · The inaccessible lesions were included in the final analysis as the aim was to evaluate this procedure according to the intention to treat.· Also included was the analysis of the Hagelin B-21 1 Cryptograph.· Since the modifications were only slight, data from the piloting stage were included in the final analysis.· Products are available that do character recognition and handwriting analysis, including analysis of complex characters.· Studies include analysis of the genetics of growth using laboratory animals and of quantitative production traits in livestock.· Data from these two patients are included in the statistical analysis of the diagnostic anorectal manometry, as they were incontinent.· Applications include materials analysis in thin film, thick film, insulators, semiconductors, ceramics, metals and alloys.· Only taxa with complete 16S rDNA sequences were included in the analysis. ► involve · As a multi-skilled employee, her shifts involve chemical analysis, production monitoring and work as a colourist.· Step 3 involves the analysis and interpretation of the numerical information developed in Step 2.· The research will involve analysis of legal documentation, synthesis of existing research and interviews with representatives of interest groups.· However, if the study involves quantitative analysis of data, then some discussion is in order.· Conceptual clustering involves more detailed analysis of relationships between traits.· This approach is broadly statistical in nature, as it involves corpus analysis to determine the empirical likelihood of various syntactic combinations.· In summary, the key to understanding society from a Marxist perspective involves an analysis of the infrastructure.· It should be on the shelve of all analysts involved in regulatory compliance analysis of metals. ► perform · To explore the mode of inheritance further we performed a complex segregation analysis.· A major problem with the approach adopted is that there is not enough detail to allow you to actually perform the analysis.· The first approach is to perform syntactic analysis first then have a second pass convert the syntactic tree to a semantic representation.· It is therefore important to be able to perform discrete sensitivity analysis and to handle lower bounds.· Moreover, to be able to perform a reliable statistical analysis the sample size must be considerably larger.· Unfortunately this method has a number of drawbacks, notably the time taken to perform the analysis.· I Charreau, who prepared the randomisation list and performed the intermediate analysis. ► provide · The results are sent to the agency which then provides a statistical analysis of all results to each participating laboratory.· Sir Robin and Judy Laybourne will be providing news and analysis of the region's political scene.· A range of third party applications is also available, providing analysis capabilities and visual displays.· Four main strategies have been utilized to provide the data for analysis via a sequence such as that indicated in Figure 3.1.· The written press provides back-up, analysis and in-depth knowledge but rarely encourages or inspires people.· It will provide a systematic analysis of the issues involved in three ways.· This, in turn, provides a basis for analysis of case-mix and volume and their subsequent management. ► use · A culture is very much like the experimental space used in the analysis of behavior.· Our findings are intended not to replace, but to supplement other materials used for the analysis of political systems.· We can use multiple regression analysis to discover the relative influence of these factors on perceptions.· These kinds of questions also underscore the importance of defining with precision the concepts that we use in political analysis.· He used Pareto analysis to identify the principal cause as a loose loading arm.· This was the sample used for the analysis of birth weight, gestational age, and respiratory symptoms.· The two are aiming to develop three demonstrators for advanced pattern recognition systems that could be used for data analysis.· The Department of Health has signalled its intention to review the formula in the light of 1991 census data, again using small area analysis. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► in the final/last analysis In the final analysis Stalin was just as much a dictator as Hitler. In the final analysis, the project was a failure. The responsibility for the accident must, in the last analysis, rest with the captain. And, in the final analysis, are they any good? But in the final analysis it had been he who wanted out. But in the final analysis, these are just details. It should also comfort to recognize that, in the final analysis, these sums are operating to purify decision-making. That, in the final analysis, is what organizational control is all about. The pressures driving research evaluation are, in the final analysis, political. The shift of leadership to John Smith may seem temporarily convincing, but it is in the last analysis cosmetic. The Trotskyist movement could benefit only in the final analysis and in the long range. PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► comparative study/analysis etc All the topics covered would have to be placed in context but there would be no, say, comparative studies. Other recent examples of comparative studies are those of Lowe - independent study modules and lecture tours, in 1981. She said a comparative study of about 15, 000 randomly selected Gulf War veterans is planned for the near future. Space and resources preclude an exhaustive or even an extensive comparative study in this work. The comparative study of institutions is not new in political science. The comparative study of kinship terminologies is one of the longest established traditions in academic anthropology. Thus, the comparative analysis of achievable stopping patterns by bus, light rail and suburban rail is well done. ► cost-benefit analysis/study/approach Any careful cost-benefit analysis will show that every social practice and institution has limitations and presents difficulties as well as opportunities. Does this enable the court to take into account the comparative social utility of the product and apply a cost-benefit analysis? Easing actions were subject to an instant cost-benefit analysis. Economists have long been calling for safety regulations to be subject to cost-benefit analysis. Environmental intangibles have been built into the cost-benefit analysis in the same way as they are for road schemes. Few laws require cost-benefit analysis for new rules and many actively prohibit it. The port should have the results of a cost-benefit analysis within 120 days, Bowman said. The third approach to merger policy is the cost-benefit approach. ► defy description/analysis/belief etc His changeable features, his tones, gestures and expressions seemed to defy descriptions. His swerve was something that defied analysis; just as it defied attempts to counter it. It defies belief and makes you question exactly who the law is protecting here: the sick minds or their young victims? Like the secret of Stradivari's varnish, this extra dimension defies analysis. The dam defied description; it defied belief. Two other women lay upon the counter a pickle-bottle and a glass vessel of a kind which altogether defies description. Yet other species exhibit variation patterns that defy analysis of the sophistication of present-day biology. Word family WORD FAMILYnounanalysisanalystadjectiveanalyticalverbanalyze 1[countable, uncountable] a)a careful examination of something in order to understand it betteranalysis of a detailed analysis of the week’s news Further analysis of the data is needed.do/carry out/conduct an analysis They were doing some type of statistical analysis. b)the way in which someone describes a situation or problem, and says what causes it to happenanalysis of Do you agree with Marx’s analysis of the failure of free-market capitalism?2[countable, uncountable] a careful examination of a substance to see what it is made ofanalysis of analysis of genetic materialfor analysis Blood samples were sent for analysis. You’ll get the results when the analysis is complete.3[uncountable] a process in which a doctor makes someone talk about their past experiences, relationships etc in order to help them with mental or emotional problems SYN psychoanalysis → therapy: She’s been in analysis for three years.4in the final/last analysis used when giving the most basic or important facts about a situation: In the final analysis, profit is the motive.COLLOCATIONSADJECTIVES/NOUN + analysisa detailed/in-depth analysis· a detailed analysis of the firm’s earningsan in-depth analysis (=detailed analysis)· an in-depth analysis of global warminga careful/close analysis· Students learn to make a close analysis of the texts.a brief analysis· Let’s start with a brief analysis of the situation.statistical analysis (=using statistics)· Their research was based on statistical analysis.a critical analysis (=that makes judgements about how good or bad something is)· Write a critical analysis of the following poem.economic/political/scientific etc analysis· His book provided a scientific analysis of human behaviour.data analysis· the use of databases for data analysisverbsbe based on an analysis of something· This work has been based entirely on an analysis of large mammals.do/carry out/perform/conduct an analysis· No similar analysis has been done in this country.provide/produce an analysis· The report provided an analysis of the problems we need to address.an analysis shows something· DNA analysis shows that the blood and the saliva come from the same person.an analysis suggests/indicates something· Our analysis suggests that these problems are widespread.
随便看	semantics semaphore semblance semen semester semi semi- semi-automatic semibreve semicircle semicircular semicolon semiconducting semiconductor semi-detached semi-final semi-finalist seminal seminar seminary Seminole semiotic semiotician semiotics semi-precious