cardioidn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈkɑːdɪɔɪd/, U.S.

/ˈkɑrdiˌɔɪd/

Forms: 1700s cardioïde, 1800s cardioide, 1800s– cardioid.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin cardioides.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin cardioides (1744 in curva cardioides , or earlier) < Byzantine Greek καρδιοειδής heart-shaped < ancient Greek καρδία heart (see cardia n.) + -οειδής -oid suffix.Compare French cardioïde (1760 or earlier).

A. n.

1. Mathematics. A curve having the general shape of a heart with a rounded end, such as is traced by a point on the circumference of a circle as it rolls around another, identical, circle.The curve can be represented in polar coordinates by the equation r = 2a(1 + cos θ) where a is the radius of the circle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > curve > [noun] > having specific shape

trident1710

cardioid1747

J-curve1916

snowflake curve1956

1747 tr. J. Castillon in Philos. Trans. Abridged 1732–44 (Royal Soc.) 8 108 We may call this Curve, from it's Figure, a Cardioïde [L. Curvam hanc a figura Cardioïdem,..appellabimus].

1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. §94 We have..the case of a circle rolling externally on another of equal size. The curve in this case is called the Cardioid.

1935 A. H. G. Palmer & K. S. Snell Mechanics xii. 251 Deduce that the tangents at the ends of a focal chord of a cardioid meet at right angles.

2011 R. Kautz Chaos xvii. 289 Now consider the heart-shaped area, bounded by a curve known as a cardioid.

2. A directional microphone with a heart-shaped pattern of sensitivity (cf. sense B. 1b).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [noun] > electronic > other electronic equipment

amplifier1914

speaker1926

cardioid1939

amp1945

boom box1981

ghetto blaster1983

trigger1986

1939 Sunday Jrnl. & Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) 1 Jan. d8/5 The other day..we happened to read an item about a new kind of radio microphone... It was called, ‘the cardioid’, which is a pretty nifty title for a microphone.

1955 F. W. Alexander in J. W. Godfrey Studio Engin. for Sound Broadcasting iii. 43 When broadcasting an orchestra from an empty concert-hall..the wider acceptance angle of the cardioid is especially useful.

2004 Staging Rental Operations 1 July 4 He miked the hall with some microphones, mostly Schoeps MK4 cardioids.

B. adj.

a. Chiefly Mathematics and Physics. Of a curve, pattern, etc.: having the characteristic outline or shape of a cardioid (sense A. 1); heart-shaped.In later use applied especially to the sensitivity patterns of microphones, aerials, etc.: cf. sense B. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [adjective] > heart-shaped

heartlike1600

heart-shaped1740

cordiform1754

cordate1760

hearted1761

cardioid1826

1826 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 11 81 By these means the extreme edge of the paddle will be made to describe a convolute curve, called the cardioid curve.

1922 R. Keen Direct. & Position Finding by Wireless ii. 38 The cardioid, heart-shape or apple diagram of reception.

1990 Gramophone May 2094/4 Switching to a microphone with a figure-of-eight or cardioid (heart-shaped) polar response would call for a much greater working distance, to produce the same direct/reflected sound ratio.

2009 Computer Music Jrnl. 33 82/1 The microphone has a cardioid pattern and a frequency range of 20-20,000 Hz.

b. Of a microphone: having a heart-shaped pattern of sensitivity, picking up sound strongly from the front and sides but weakly from the rear.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [adjective] > electronic

cardioid1939

MIDI1983

1939 Bell Lab. Rec. 17 339/2 The cardioid microphone can be mounted either on a floor or a desk.

1975 G. J. King Audio Handbk. ix. 205 Real cardioid microphones are costly and generally outside the pocket of the average enthusiast.

2002 F. Broughton & B. Brewster How to DJ (Properly) 102 For vocals you should get a low impedance, dynamic, cardioid mic.

2. Designating a type of microscope condenser (condenser n. 7) for giving dark-ground illumination, in which the light is reflected first from the outside of a sphere and then from the inside of a surface whose cross-section is theoretically a cardioid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > magnification or magnifying instruments > [adjective] > microscope > parts of

cardioid1910

underfocused1953

eucentric1973

1910 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 14 May 320/3 Complete ‘dark field illumination’, i. e., illumination round the edge of a central screen or stop, is attained by means of two dark field condensers, the paraboloid or the cardioid condenser.

1962 W. G. Hartley Microscopy vii. 126 Zeiss formerly produced a mount for the cardioid dark-ground illuminator.

2019 J. Sanderson Understanding Light Microsc. xi. 254 The cardioid condenser reflects the light off two mirror surfaces.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cardioid
释义	cardioidn.adj. Brit. /ˈkɑːdɪɔɪd/, U.S. /ˈkɑrdiˌɔɪd/ Forms: 1700s cardioïde, 1800s cardioide, 1800s– cardioid. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin cardioides. Etymology: < post-classical Latin cardioides (1744 in curva cardioides , or earlier) < Byzantine Greek καρδιοειδής heart-shaped < ancient Greek καρδία heart (see cardia n.) + -οειδής -oid suffix.Compare French cardioïde (1760 or earlier). A. n. 1. Mathematics. A curve having the general shape of a heart with a rounded end, such as is traced by a point on the circumference of a circle as it rolls around another, identical, circle.The curve can be represented in polar coordinates by the equation r = 2a(1 + cos θ) where a is the radius of the circle. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > curve > [noun] > having specific shape trident1710 cardioid1747 J-curve1916 snowflake curve1956 1747 tr. J. Castillon in Philos. Trans. Abridged 1732–44 (Royal Soc.) 8 108 We may call this Curve, from it's Figure, a Cardioïde [L. Curvam hanc a figura Cardioïdem,..appellabimus]. 1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. §94 We have..the case of a circle rolling externally on another of equal size. The curve in this case is called the Cardioid. 1935 A. H. G. Palmer & K. S. Snell Mechanics xii. 251 Deduce that the tangents at the ends of a focal chord of a cardioid meet at right angles. 2011 R. Kautz Chaos xvii. 289 Now consider the heart-shaped area, bounded by a curve known as a cardioid. 2. A directional microphone with a heart-shaped pattern of sensitivity (cf. sense B. 1b). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [noun] > electronic > other electronic equipment amplifier1914 speaker1926 cardioid1939 amp1945 boom box1981 ghetto blaster1983 trigger1986 1939 Sunday Jrnl. & Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) 1 Jan. d8/5 The other day..we happened to read an item about a new kind of radio microphone... It was called, ‘the cardioid’, which is a pretty nifty title for a microphone. 1955 F. W. Alexander in J. W. Godfrey Studio Engin. for Sound Broadcasting iii. 43 When broadcasting an orchestra from an empty concert-hall..the wider acceptance angle of the cardioid is especially useful. 2004 Staging Rental Operations 1 July 4 He miked the hall with some microphones, mostly Schoeps MK4 cardioids. B. adj. 1. a. Chiefly Mathematics and Physics. Of a curve, pattern, etc.: having the characteristic outline or shape of a cardioid (sense A. 1); heart-shaped.In later use applied especially to the sensitivity patterns of microphones, aerials, etc.: cf. sense B. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [adjective] > heart-shaped heartlike1600 heart-shaped1740 cordiform1754 cordate1760 hearted1761 cardioid1826 1826 London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 11 81 By these means the extreme edge of the paddle will be made to describe a convolute curve, called the cardioid curve. 1922 R. Keen Direct. & Position Finding by Wireless ii. 38 The cardioid, heart-shape or apple diagram of reception. 1990 Gramophone May 2094/4 Switching to a microphone with a figure-of-eight or cardioid (heart-shaped) polar response would call for a much greater working distance, to produce the same direct/reflected sound ratio. 2009 Computer Music Jrnl. 33 82/1 The microphone has a cardioid pattern and a frequency range of 20-20,000 Hz. b. Of a microphone: having a heart-shaped pattern of sensitivity, picking up sound strongly from the front and sides but weakly from the rear. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [adjective] > electronic cardioid1939 MIDI1983 1939 Bell Lab. Rec. 17 339/2 The cardioid microphone can be mounted either on a floor or a desk. 1975 G. J. King Audio Handbk. ix. 205 Real cardioid microphones are costly and generally outside the pocket of the average enthusiast. 2002 F. Broughton & B. Brewster How to DJ (Properly) 102 For vocals you should get a low impedance, dynamic, cardioid mic. 2. Designating a type of microscope condenser (condenser n. 7) for giving dark-ground illumination, in which the light is reflected first from the outside of a sphere and then from the inside of a surface whose cross-section is theoretically a cardioid. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > magnification or magnifying instruments > [adjective] > microscope > parts of cardioid1910 underfocused1953 eucentric1973 1910 Sci. Amer. Suppl. 14 May 320/3 Complete ‘dark field illumination’, i. e., illumination round the edge of a central screen or stop, is attained by means of two dark field condensers, the paraboloid or the cardioid condenser. 1962 W. G. Hartley Microscopy vii. 126 Zeiss formerly produced a mount for the cardioid dark-ground illuminator. 2019 J. Sanderson Understanding Light Microsc. xi. 254 The cardioid condenser reflects the light off two mirror surfaces. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1747
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