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单词 capon
释义

caponn.

Brit. /ˈkeɪpən/, /ˈkeɪpɒn/, U.S. /ˈkeɪpɑn/, /ˈkeɪpən/
Forms: Old English, Middle English capun, Middle English capoun, ( kapoun, chapon), Middle English–1500s capone, Middle English capun(e, ( capvne), capoone, Middle English– capon.
Etymology: Old English capun, < Latin capōn-em in same sense, whence also Old Northern French capun, capon (French chapon, Provençal capon, Spanish capon, Italian cappone), which probably reinforced the English word.
1.
a. A castrated cock.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > hen or cock > [noun] > cock > castrated or capon
caponc1000
caponet1570
billard1674
c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 132 Capo, capun. Gallinaccus, capun.
c1250 Bestiary 390 in Old Eng. Misc. 13 Ðe coc and te capun.
a1300 Floriz & Bl. 260 Bute he also capun beo idiȝt.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. iv. 38 For a dozeine chickenes Or as many capones.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xii. xviii. 425 The capon is a cocke made as it were female by keruynge away of his gendringe stones.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 26 He..hadde to fore hym as fatte capone as a man myght fynde.
1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man i. 11 Is made fat with daintie and delicate fare like a capon.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 154 The Iustice, In faire round belly, with good Capon lin'd. View more context for this quotation
1700 T. Brown Amusem. Serious & Comical iii. 30 To truck..Justice for fat Capons, to be deliver'd before Dinner.
1842 R. H. Barham Nell Cook!! in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 125 On capons fine they daily dine.
1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi x. 216 Some fine fat capons.
b. Formerly used in payment of rent in kind.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > hire or rent > rent (land or real property) > [noun] > paid in produce or livestock > specific
rynmart1433
rynmutton1459
capon1495
mart1520
tack-swine1523
reek hen1540
farm meal1547
reek-poultry1585
reek fowl1592
corn-rate1665
wheat-rent?c1682
nowt-geld1688
farm-dish1713
corn-rent1809
pepper-rent1866
1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 40 Preamble xl. acres of wood xlti. rent and the rent of L. capons.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccxlvii. 789 They gadered vp the rentes, as Capons, and other thynges in his townes.
c. As a type of dullness, and a term of reproach.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > stupid person, dolt, blockhead > [noun]
asseOE
sotc1000
beastc1225
long-ear?a1300
stock1303
buzzard1377
mis-feelinga1382
dasarta1400
stonea1400
dasiberd14..
dottlec1400
doddypoll1401
dastardc1440
dotterel1440
dullardc1440
wantwit1449
jobardc1475
nollc1475
assheada1500
mulea1500
dull-pate15..
peak1509
dulbert?a1513
doddy-patec1525
noddypolla1529
hammer-head1532
dull-head?1534
capon1542
dolt1543
blockhead1549
cod's head1549
mome1550
grout-head1551
gander1553
skit-brains?1553
blocka1556
calfa1556
tomfool1565
dunce1567
druggard1569
cobble1570
dummel1570
Essex calf1573
jolthead1573
hardhead1576
beetle-head1577
dor-head1577
groutnoll1578
grosshead1580
thickskin1582
noddyship?1589
jobbernowl1592
beetle-brain1593
Dorbel1593
oatmeal-groat1594
loggerhead1595
block-pate1598
cittern-head1598
noddypoop1598
dorbellist1599
numps1599
dor1601
stump1602
ram-head1605
look-like-a-goose1606
ruff1606
clod1607
turf1607
asinego1609
clot-poll1609
doddiea1611
druggle1611
duncecomb1612
ox-head1613
clod-polla1616
dulman1615
jolterhead1620
bullhead1624
dunderwhelpa1625
dunderhead1630
macaroona1631
clod-patea1635
clota1637
dildo1638
clot-pate1640
stupid1640
clod-head1644
stub1644
simpletonian1652
bottle-head1654
Bœotiana1657
vappe1657
lackwit1668
cudden1673
plant-animal1673
dolt-head1679
cabbage head1682
put1688
a piece of wood1691
ouphe1694
dunderpate1697
numbskull1697
leather-head1699
nocky1699
Tom Cony1699
mopus1700
bluff-head1703
clod skull1707
dunny1709
dowf1722
stupe1722
gamphrel1729
gobbin?1746
duncehead1749
half-wit1755
thick-skull1755
jackass1756
woollen-head1756
numbhead1757
beef-head1775
granny1776
stupid-head1792
stunpolla1794
timber-head1794
wether heada1796
dummy1796
noghead1800
staumrel1802
muttonhead1803
num1807
dummkopf1809
tumphya1813
cod's head and shoulders1820
stoopid1823
thick-head1824
gype1825
stob1825
stookiea1828
woodenhead1831
ning-nong1832
log-head1834
fat-head1835
dunderheadism1836
turnip1837
mudhead1838
donkey1840
stupex1843
cabbage1844
morepork1845
lubber-head1847
slowpoke1847
stupiditarian1850
pudding-head1851
cod's head and shoulders1852
putty head1853
moke1855
mullet-head1855
pothead1855
mug1857
thick1857
boodle1862
meathead1863
missing link1863
half-baked1866
lunk1867
turnip-head1869
rummy1872
pumpkin-head1876
tattie1879
chump1883
dully1883
cretin1884
lunkhead1884
mopstick1886
dumbhead1887
peanut head1891
pie-face1891
doughbakea1895
butt-head1896
pinhead1896
cheesehead1900
nyamps1900
box head1902
bonehead1903
chickenhead1903
thickwit1904
cluck1906
boob1907
John1908
mooch1910
nitwit1910
dikkop1913
goop1914
goofus1916
rumdum1916
bone dome1917
moron1917
oik1917
jabroni1919
dumb-bell1920
knob1920
goon1921
dimwit1922
ivory dome1923
stone jug1923
dingleberry1924
gimp1924
bird brain1926
jughead1926
cloth-head1927
dumb1928
gazook1928
mouldwarp1928
ding-dong1929
stupido1929
mook1930
sparrow-brain1930
knobhead1931
dip1932
drip1932
epsilon1932
bohunkus1933
Nimrod1933
dumbass1934
zombie1936
pea-brain1938
knot-head1940
schlump1941
jarhead1942
Joe Soap1943
knuckle-head1944
nong1944
lame-brain1945
gobshite1946
rock-head1947
potato head1948
jerko1949
turkey1951
momo1953
poop-head1955
a right one1958
bam1959
nong-nong1959
dickhead1960
dumbo1960
Herbert1960
lamer1961
bampot1962
dipshit1963
bamstick1965
doofus1965
dick1966
pillock1967
zipperhead1967
dipstick1968
thickie1968
poephol1969
yo-yo1970
doof1971
cockhead1972
nully1973
thicko1976
wazzock1976
motorhead1979
mouth-breather1979
no-brainer1979
jerkwad1980
woodentop1981
dickwad1983
dough ball1983
dickweed1984
bawheid1985
numpty1985
jerkweed1988
dick-sucker1989
knob-end1989
Muppet1989
dingus1997
dicksack1999
eight ball-
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 307v [He] came flynging home to Roome again as wyse as a capon.
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Dj Some [men] are capons by kynd, and..so blunt by nature, that no arte can whet them.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. i. 32 Mome,..Capon, Coxcombe, Idiot, Patch. View more context for this quotation
2. transferred. A eunuch.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > infertility > [noun] > castration > person
geldinga1382
eunuchc1430
spadoc1430
chastelinga1570
capon1594
castrate1639
spade1680
wether1724
demi-male1728
androgyne1742
castrato1763
hijra1838
emasculate1886
half-man-
1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xv. §1. 279 Of 1000 such capons who addict themselues to their booke, none attaineth to anie perfection, and euen in musicke (which is their ordinarie profession).
1605 Hist. Tryall Cheualry sig. C2v Bowyer a Captayn? a Capon,..a lame haberdine..a very Iackdaw.
1691 T. D'Urfey Love for Money v. iii. 55 If there be a Capon in Christendom I'll make thee one.
3. Humorously applied to various fish; esp. a red-herring.
ΚΠ
a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1885) III. 319 The Sole wee call our Seuverne Capon.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Yarmouth-Capon, a Red Herring.
1719 A. Ramsay Epist. to Hamilton ii. iii A Glasgow capon and a fadge Ye thought a feast.
1812 W. Tennant Anster Fair ii. xix. 33 Each to his jaws A good Crail'scapon holds. [Note] A Crailscapon is a dried haddoc.
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Capon, a red-herring. Kent.
4. A billet-doux. Cf. French poulet ‘a chicken; also, a loue-letter, or loue-message’ (Cotgrave). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [noun] > letter sent between lovers
love lettera1525
capon1598
love-libel1602
love line1609
billet-doux1673
mash note1880
yum-yum1943
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. i. 56 O thy letter, thy letter..Boyet you can carue, Breake vp this Capon . View more context for this quotation

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
capon-broth n.
ΚΠ
1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 78 If the Alderman thought that an impossibility, he was certainly far gone in Capon-broth.
capon-flesh n.
ΚΠ
c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 662 Caro spadonia, capuneflesche. Caro caponina, caponflesche.
b.
capon-crammed adj.
ΚΠ
1597 2nd Pt. Returne from Pernassus iii. ii. 1214 His mawe must be Capon crambd each day.
capon-like adj.
capon-lined adj.
ΚΠ
1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 150 A portly, capon-lined burgomaster.
C2.
capon-beer n. ? capon-broth made with beer.
ΚΠ
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §411 Drink incorporate with Flesh or roots (as in Capon-beer &c.) will nourish more easily.
capon-bell n. the passing-bell (Halliwell cites Dekker).
capon-cote n. Obsolete a house for keeping capons.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > [noun] > enclosure for poultry > house for capons
capon-cote1393
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. vii. 136 Hue hadde a childe in the chapon-cote.
capon-justice n. a corrupt magistrate who is bribed by gifts of capons.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > unjust or corrupt
ambidexter1451
capon-justicea1639
unjusticea1661
justice broker1690
basket-justice1860
barrator1864
a1639 S. Ward Serm. (1862) 128 Judges that judge for reward, and say with shame, ‘Bring you’, such as the country calls capon justices.
capon-money n. money in commutation of a payment of capons.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > hire or rent > rent (land or real property) > [noun] > paid in money > instead of produce or livestock
capon-money1714
1714 London Gaz. No. 5246/3 In Arrear to the Corporation of Portsmouth, for Town-Rents, Reliefs, Capon-Money or other Dues.
capon's-feather n. Obsolete the feather of a capon; also, Common Columbine ( Aquilegia vulgaris).
ΚΠ
1661 P. Heylyn Ecclesia Restaurata i. 100 Salcot of Salisbury [otherwise called Capon]..redeems his Peace..by making long Leases of the best of his Farms and Manors; known afterwards most commonly by the Name of Capons-Feathers.
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Capon's-feather, the herb columbine.
capon's-tail n. Obsolete a plant, Valeriana pyrenaica.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > valerian
valerianc1386
setwalla1400
spike celtic1540
capon's-tail1548
phu1562
poor man's remedy1657
spikenard1688
countryman's treacle1745–7
tobacco-root1845
1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. F.ijv Phu is called in englishe setwal, of other some Capones tayle.
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 918 In English Valerian, Capons taile.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes The herbe Valerian, Capons taile or Setwall.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
capon's-tail grass n. Festuca Myurus (Britten and Holland).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

caponv.

Etymology: < capon n.; = French chaponner.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcapon.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
transitive. To make a capon of; to castrate.

Derivatives

ˈcaponed adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > infertility > [adjective] > castrated
geldedc1225
cutted1438
geltc1440
chaste1526
evirate1606
castrated1609
memberless1611
unpaveda1616
libbed1616
cut1624
eunuched1627
caponed1630
untesticled1668
castrate1704
eunuch1817
emasculated1830
eunuchal1878
neuter1893
eunuchoid1894
1630 P. Massinger Renegado i. i. sig. B2 Had it beene discouer'd I had beene caponde.
1668 R. L'Estrange tr. F. G. de Quevedo y Villegas Visions (1708) 184 Nothing but a Capon'd, a thing unman'd, could ever, etc.
1693 J. Dryden tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires vi. 108 Their solid joy Is when the Page, already past a Boy, Is Capon'd late; and to the Guelder shown.
ˈcaponing n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > [noun] > caponing
caponing1886
1886 N. Zealand Her. 1 June 2/6 The caponing of male fowl birds.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2019).
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