calxn.

Brit.

/kalks/, U.S.

/kælks/

Forms: Middle English cals, Middle English–1600s calce, 1600s callixe, calxe, 1700s calix, 1600s– calx. plural calces (formerly also calxes).

Etymology: < Latin calx, calc-em lime; applied in an extended sense to substances produced in the same way as quick-lime.

1. A term of the alchemists and early chemists for a powder or friable substance produced by thoroughly burning or roasting (‘calcining’) a mineral or metal, so as to consume or drive off all its volatile parts, as lime is burned in a kiln.The calx was formerly taken as the essential substance or ‘alcohol’ of the crude mineral after all the grosser parts had been dispelled. The ‘calx’ of a metal was supposed to be the result of the expulsion of ‘phlogiston’; in reality it was usually the metallic oxide, but in some cases the metal itself in a state of sublimation.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials having undergone process > [noun] > calcined

spodiuma1425

calxa1475

spode1611

crocus1640

saffron1681

calcination1712

a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 7 Caste þe cals of the gold..in wiyn..and ȝe schule haue ȝoure licour..bettir gilt.

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xiii. 56 The black feces..being reduced..into a calxe.

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. v. 123 Put fire thereunto..untill the earth..is well calcined..Divide this thy callixe.

1612 B. Jonson Alchemist ii. v. sig. F Sub. How do you sublime him? Fac. With the calce of Egge-shels.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate Termes 339 Calcination is solution of bodies into Calx or Alcool.

1671 Philos. Trans. 1670 (Royal Soc.) 5 2042 Nor reduced into a calx but by a strong fire, by which it will turn into a substance like unslaked lime.

a1691 R. Boyle Wks. (1772) I. 719 All brought into calces or powders that are white.

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 3 Lead by calcination..becomes a red calx or mineral earth.

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 3 Metals deprived of..phlogiston..are reduced to calces.

1780 J. T. Dillon Trav. Spain i. xxiii. 219 Metallic calxes.

1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. i. i. i. 7 Oxygen may be separated from some oxyds or metallic calces.

1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 23 Having ascertained the increase of weight of lead during its conversion into calx.

1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 20 The calx of tin, now the oxide of tin.

figurative.1799 R. Southey Nondescripts iii, in Poet. Wks. (1838) III. 63 Some mass for the poor souls that bleach, And burn away the calx of their offences In that great Purgatory crucible.

†2. Sometimes in Latin sense ‘lime’: esp. in calx vive, calcevive (Latin calx viva, French chaux vive) quick-lime. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > lime materials > [noun] > quicklime

quicklimea1400

calx1581

lime-chalk1637

roche lime1721

shells1743

sharp lime1772

1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 12 They ought to haue..Calx viue, Lint seede Oile, etc.

1651 J. French Art Distillation v. 129 Make a strong Lixivium of Calx vive.

1652 E. Ashmole Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum 116 Our true Calcevive..our Ferment of our Bread.

1834 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. 439 Calx is lime combined with acids.

3. Eton College slang. [Another Latin sense of calx, ‘the goal, anciently marked with lime or chalk’.] The goal-line (at foot-ball).

ΚΠ

1864 Daily Tel. 1 Dec. The Collegers were over-weighted..and the Oppidans managed to get the ball down into their calx several times.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	calx
释义	calxn. Brit. /kalks/, U.S. /kælks/ Forms: Middle English cals, Middle English–1600s calce, 1600s callixe, calxe, 1700s calix, 1600s– calx. plural calces (formerly also calxes). Etymology: < Latin calx, calc-em lime; applied in an extended sense to substances produced in the same way as quick-lime. 1. A term of the alchemists and early chemists for a powder or friable substance produced by thoroughly burning or roasting (‘calcining’) a mineral or metal, so as to consume or drive off all its volatile parts, as lime is burned in a kiln.The calx was formerly taken as the essential substance or ‘alcohol’ of the crude mineral after all the grosser parts had been dispelled. The ‘calx’ of a metal was supposed to be the result of the expulsion of ‘phlogiston’; in reality it was usually the metallic oxide, but in some cases the metal itself in a state of sublimation. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials having undergone process > [noun] > calcined spodiuma1425 calxa1475 spode1611 crocus1640 saffron1681 calcination1712 a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 7 Caste þe cals of the gold..in wiyn..and ȝe schule haue ȝoure licour..bettir gilt. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xiii. 56 The black feces..being reduced..into a calxe. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. v. 123 Put fire thereunto..untill the earth..is well calcined..Divide this thy callixe. 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist ii. v. sig. F Sub. How do you sublime him? Fac. With the calce of Egge-shels. View more context for this quotation 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate Termes 339 Calcination is solution of bodies into Calx or Alcool. 1671 Philos. Trans. 1670 (Royal Soc.) 5 2042 Nor reduced into a calx but by a strong fire, by which it will turn into a substance like unslaked lime. a1691 R. Boyle Wks. (1772) I. 719 All brought into calces or powders that are white. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 3 Lead by calcination..becomes a red calx or mineral earth. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 3 Metals deprived of..phlogiston..are reduced to calces. 1780 J. T. Dillon Trav. Spain i. xxiii. 219 Metallic calxes. 1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. i. i. i. 7 Oxygen may be separated from some oxyds or metallic calces. 1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 23 Having ascertained the increase of weight of lead during its conversion into calx. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 20 The calx of tin, now the oxide of tin. figurative.1799 R. Southey Nondescripts iii, in Poet. Wks. (1838) III. 63 Some mass for the poor souls that bleach, And burn away the calx of their offences In that great Purgatory crucible. †2. Sometimes in Latin sense ‘lime’: esp. in calx vive, calcevive (Latin calx viva, French chaux vive) quick-lime. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > lime materials > [noun] > quicklime quicklimea1400 calx1581 lime-chalk1637 roche lime1721 shells1743 sharp lime1772 1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 12 They ought to haue..Calx viue, Lint seede Oile, etc. 1651 J. French Art Distillation v. 129 Make a strong Lixivium of Calx vive. 1652 E. Ashmole Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum 116 Our true Calcevive..our Ferment of our Bread. 1834 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. 439 Calx is lime combined with acids. 3. Eton College slang. [Another Latin sense of calx, ‘the goal, anciently marked with lime or chalk’.] The goal-line (at foot-ball). ΚΠ 1864 Daily Tel. 1 Dec. The Collegers were over-weighted..and the Oppidans managed to get the ball down into their calx several times. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1475
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