byrlawn.

Forms: Middle English birelage, birlawe, ( birelegia), Middle English–1600s byrelaw(e, 1500s byerlaw, 1500s–1600s berlaw, burlaw, 1600s–1700s birlaw, 1800s bourlaw, dialect byar law, 1500s– byrlaw; also corrupted, esp. in combination, into 1500s byerley, byrla, birla, 1600s birlay, burlie, 1600s–1700s birley, 1700s–1800s birlie, 1800s burley; see birlie n., bourlaw n., burley n.¹, by-law n.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse *býjar-lög.

Etymology: apparently < Old Norse *býjar-lög, < býjar genitive case of bý-r (= by n.¹), dialect variant of bœ́r (bær ) village, town, farm + lög (plural of lag ) law, ‘law community, communion, also a law district’ (Vigfusson); compare by-law n.(The existence of *byjar-, bœ́jar-lög in Old Norse is scarcely proved by the occurrence of bæjar-lögmaðr ‘a town justice’ in Diplomat. Norvegicum of 13–14th cent. (Vigfusson), as a ‘by’ might have its own lögmaðr ‘lawman’ without having its own special law.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈbyrlaw.

archaic or dialect.

1. The local custom or ‘law’ of a township, manor, or rural district, whereby disputes as to boundaries, trespass of cattle, etc., were settled without going into the law courts; a law or custom established in such a district by common consent of all who held land therein, and having binding force within its limits.These laws regulated such matters as the dates of ploughing, the turning out of cattle, the number of cattle turned out by each tenant of common land, the fines for trespass and damage done to fences, etc., the keeping up of fences, sea banks, the pound, the ‘balks’ in fields, and the like.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > branch of the law > [noun] > common and customary > local custom of arbitration

byrlaw1257

by-law1283

1257 Composition betw. Convent & W. de Furness in Coucher Bk. of Furness Abbey (1887) 458 Si contingat averia ipsius Abbatis vel succ. suorum dampnum facere in bladis vel pratis ipsius Willelmi,..[or vice versa]..emendabitur ex utraque parte secundum Birelag' absque placito.

1292 Assize 20 Edw. I (Devon) Abbreviatio Plac. 286 b Quod quidem factum [destruction of the parson's crops] manifeste est injuriosum et non per aliquod Birlawe sustinendum, consideratum est quod, etc.

a1400 Glanville Reg. Maj. Exceptis burlawis [ Skene tr. Birlaw Courts] que per consensum vicinorum concurrunt.

1412 Tabula Sententialis in Coucher Bk. of Furness Abbey (1887) 84 Ex utraque parte fient emendæ secundum Birelegia absque placito.

1483 Cath. Angl. 32 A Byrelawe, agraria, plebiscitum.

1500 Ortus Vocabulorum in Cath. Angl. 32 (note) Plebiscitum, statutum populi; anglice, a byrelawe.

1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. [The bellman at Tollerton used to say] ‘Aweay to t' Bahlaw’ [i.e. to a parish meeting].

1881 W. Dickinson Gloss. Dial. Cumberland 2nd Supp. (E.D.S.) Byar law, Byr law, a custom or law established in a township or village.

2. transferred. A district having its own byrlaw court, or local law.In the form Bierlow this word is common as an appendage to place-names in Yorkshire: Brampton Bierlow, Ecclesall Bierlow, Brightside Bierlow. These are the names of somewhat extensive parishes; it is to be presumed that the various hamlets forming each were originally connected by their resort to a district court of justice.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal power > [noun] > extent or range of jurisdiction > a district > under specific jurisdiction

sheriffdom1385

wardenry1462

the verge (of the court)1529

sheriffwick1535

circuit1574

territoryc1626

Home Circuit1664

hundred-court1671

byrlaw1850

1850 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 2 92/2 The above are the four byerlaws or divisions of the parish, and the Churchwardens used separately to collect in their respective byerlaws.

Compounds

byrlaw-court n.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > local or town court

portmoot1266

burgh-motea1400

byrlaw-court1597

birliea1609

borough court1769

borough sessions1835

1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione Laws of Burlaw ar maid & determined be consent of neichtbors, elected and chosen be common consent, in the courts called the Byrlaw courts. In the quhilk cognition is taken of complaintes, betuixt nichtbour & nichtbour. The quhilk men sa chosen, as judges & arbitrators to the effect foresaid, ar commonly called Byrlaw-men.

a1609 A. Hume Poems (1902) 181 Comparing them to Birlay courtis, where is much jangling.

1883 D. Graham Wks. II. 102 (note) This birley-court consisted of certain parties in the barony who looked after local affairs.

† byrlaw-grave n. Obsolete [grave n.³] = byrlawman n.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > appointed at court-leet

byrlawman1432

byrlaw-grave1477

bylaw-man1590

burleybailie1750

burleyman1750

1477–8 Ingleby Arncliff Manor Court Rolls (per Rev. J. C. Atkinson) Elegerunt Joh. Hardwyke et Joh. Jacson Bierlaw-grayves [explan. in Latin custodes plebisciti] pro anno futuro, et jurati sunt.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	byrlaw
释义	byrlawn. Forms: Middle English birelage, birlawe, ( birelegia), Middle English–1600s byrelaw(e, 1500s byerlaw, 1500s–1600s berlaw, burlaw, 1600s–1700s birlaw, 1800s bourlaw, dialect byar law, 1500s– byrlaw; also corrupted, esp. in combination, into 1500s byerley, byrla, birla, 1600s birlay, burlie, 1600s–1700s birley, 1700s–1800s birlie, 1800s burley; see birlie n., bourlaw n., burley n.¹, by-law n. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse býjar-lög. Etymology: apparently < Old Norse býjar-lög, < býjar genitive case of bý-r (= by n.¹), dialect variant of bœ́r (bær ) village, town, farm + lög (plural of lag ) law, ‘law community, communion, also a law district’ (Vigfusson); compare by-law n.(The existence of byjar-, bœ́jar-lög* in Old Norse is scarcely proved by the occurrence of bæjar-lögmaðr ‘a town justice’ in Diplomat. Norvegicum of 13–14th cent. (Vigfusson), as a ‘by’ might have its own lögmaðr ‘lawman’ without having its own special law.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈbyrlaw. archaic or dialect. 1. The local custom or ‘law’ of a township, manor, or rural district, whereby disputes as to boundaries, trespass of cattle, etc., were settled without going into the law courts; a law or custom established in such a district by common consent of all who held land therein, and having binding force within its limits.These laws regulated such matters as the dates of ploughing, the turning out of cattle, the number of cattle turned out by each tenant of common land, the fines for trespass and damage done to fences, etc., the keeping up of fences, sea banks, the pound, the ‘balks’ in fields, and the like. ΘΚΠ society > law > branch of the law > [noun] > common and customary > local custom of arbitration byrlaw1257 by-law1283 1257 Composition betw. Convent & W. de Furness in Coucher Bk. of Furness Abbey (1887) 458 Si contingat averia ipsius Abbatis vel succ. suorum dampnum facere in bladis vel pratis ipsius Willelmi,..[or vice versa]..emendabitur ex utraque parte secundum Birelag' absque placito. 1292 Assize 20 Edw. I (Devon) Abbreviatio Plac. 286 b Quod quidem factum [destruction of the parson's crops] manifeste est injuriosum et non per aliquod Birlawe sustinendum, consideratum est quod, etc. a1400 Glanville Reg. Maj. Exceptis burlawis [ Skene tr. Birlaw Courts] que per consensum vicinorum concurrunt. 1412 Tabula Sententialis in Coucher Bk. of Furness Abbey (1887) 84 Ex utraque parte fient emendæ secundum Birelegia absque placito. 1483 Cath. Angl. 32 A Byrelawe, agraria, plebiscitum. 1500 Ortus Vocabulorum in Cath. Angl. 32 (note) Plebiscitum, statutum populi; anglice, a byrelawe. 1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. [The bellman at Tollerton used to say] ‘Aweay to t' Bahlaw’ [i.e. to a parish meeting]. 1881 W. Dickinson Gloss. Dial. Cumberland 2nd Supp. (E.D.S.) Byar law, Byr law, a custom or law established in a township or village. 2. transferred. A district having its own byrlaw court, or local law.In the form Bierlow this word is common as an appendage to place-names in Yorkshire: Brampton Bierlow, Ecclesall Bierlow, Brightside Bierlow. These are the names of somewhat extensive parishes; it is to be presumed that the various hamlets forming each were originally connected by their resort to a district court of justice. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal power > [noun] > extent or range of jurisdiction > a district > under specific jurisdiction sheriffdom1385 wardenry1462 the verge (of the court)1529 sheriffwick1535 circuit1574 territoryc1626 Home Circuit1664 hundred-court1671 byrlaw1850 1850 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 2 92/2 The above are the four byerlaws or divisions of the parish, and the Churchwardens used separately to collect in their respective byerlaws. Compounds byrlaw-court n. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > local or town court portmoot1266 burgh-motea1400 byrlaw-court1597 birliea1609 borough court1769 borough sessions1835 1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione Laws of Burlaw ar maid & determined be consent of neichtbors, elected and chosen be common consent, in the courts called the Byrlaw courts. In the quhilk cognition is taken of complaintes, betuixt nichtbour & nichtbour. The quhilk men sa chosen, as judges & arbitrators to the effect foresaid, ar commonly called Byrlaw-men. a1609 A. Hume Poems (1902) 181 Comparing them to Birlay courtis, where is much jangling. 1883 D. Graham Wks. II. 102 (note) This birley-court consisted of certain parties in the barony who looked after local affairs. † byrlaw-grave n. Obsolete [grave n.³] = byrlawman n. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > law-enforcement or peace-officer > [noun] > appointed at court-leet byrlawman1432 byrlaw-grave1477 bylaw-man1590 burleybailie1750 burleyman1750 1477–8 Ingleby Arncliff Manor Court Rolls (per Rev. J. C. Atkinson) Elegerunt Joh. Hardwyke et Joh. Jacson Bierlaw-grayves [explan. in Latin custodes plebisciti] pro anno futuro, et jurati sunt. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1257
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