beakern.

Brit.

/ˈbiːkə/, U.S.

/ˈbikər/

Forms: Middle English biker, Middle English becure, byker, bikyr, 1600s beeker, 1600s– beaker: see also bicker n.¹

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse bikarr.

Etymology: Middle English biker, < Old Norse bikarr; found in other Germanic languages (Old Saxon bikeri, Old High German behhâri, behhar, Middle High German and modern German becher) < Germanic type *bikarjo-(m), but not a native Germanic word: considered to be < Latin bicārium; but as this is known only in medieval Latin, it is doubtful whether it existed early enough to be the source of the Germanic. (The Romanic words, Italian bicchiére, pécchero, Old French pichier, pechier, referred by Diez to the same source, require a Latin type in biccār-.) Bīcārium is referred by Diez to Greek βῖκος ‘drinking-bowl,’ of which *βῑκάριον would be a legitimately formed, though not recorded, diminutive. The original English form is retained in Scotch bicker; the modern form has apparently been assimilated to beak.

a. A large drinking vessel with a wide mouth, an open cup or goblet. (Now chiefly in literary use.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] > large

beaker1348

facer1527

wassailing bowl1555

wassail-cup1600

wassail-bowl1606

consciencea1643

bellarmine1720

breakfast-cup1762

longbeard1850

1348 Acc. Edw. Pr. Wales in Promptorium Parvulorum 35 Magne pecie argenti, vocate Bikers.

1420 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 45 A becure of seluer.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 35/2 Byker, cuppe [v.r. bikyr], cimbium.

1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood vi. 75 Fill him his Beaker, he will never flinch, To giue a full quart pot the empty pinch.

1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xv. 117 The Prince a silver beaker chose.

1872 E. A. Freeman Hist. Ess. 14 His cupbearer was carrying..a royal beaker full of wine.

b. The contents of a beaker.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > [noun] > a drink or draught > contents or amount contained in a beaker

beaker1819

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. xiv. 287 We drink this beaker..to the health of Wilfred of Ivanhoe.

1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) xxx. 146 Stimulated by..beakers of Badminton.

c. spec. in Archaeology. A type of tall wide-mouthed vessel found in the graves of a people who came to Britain from Central Europe in the early Bronze Age; hence attributive, as beaker-folk, beaker-maker, beaker people.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > beaker (Bronze Age)

beaker1902

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [noun] > person of specific prehistoric culture > Bronze Age > collectively

beaker-folk1922

beaker people1932

1902 J. Abercromby in Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 32 374 I propose to substitute for the double-barrelled name ‘drinking cup’, the compacter term ‘beaker’.

1906 Archaeol. Æliana II. 147 The Dilstor Park find..also proves the great difficulty of attempting to fix any relevant dates of Bronze Age beakers by a comparison either of their shape or ornamentation.

1916 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 66 117 The Borreby, or Beaker-Maker Type... Probably tall and often fair, light eyed, broad headed, short faced.

1922 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 52 45 The culture is that known in Britain as that of the Beaker-folk.

1932 Discovery Aug. 270/1 The Bronze Age in England began roughly about 2,000 b.c. with the arrival of the ‘Beaker’ people on the east coast—people who used bronze and copper knives and pots of a special type.

1935 Proc. Prehistoric Soc. i. 83 A solitary beaker from a cist at Barroose, Lonan, and three polished flint discoidal knives from the neighbourhood of Peel, are the only indications of the beaker people on the island.

1963 H. N. Savory in I. L. Foster & L. Alcock Culture & Environment iii. 26 The barbed and tanged arrowheads which were undoubtedly introduced into south Wales by the ‘Beaker Folk’.

2. An open-mouthed glass vessel, with a lip for pouring, used in scientific experiments.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > general vessels > glass > others

urinalc1300

recipient1558

matrass1591

tritory1660

balloon1678

proof-glass1765

air-bell1782

transfer-jar1827

ignition tube1874

beaker1877

bell-jar1877

flask1878

steam-bomb1895

Nessler tube1906

oxygen bottle1932

1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. II. 16 The acid containing the ammonia is poured out into a beaker.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	beaker
释义	beakern. Brit. /ˈbiːkə/, U.S. /ˈbikər/ Forms: Middle English biker, Middle English becure, byker, bikyr, 1600s beeker, 1600s– beaker: see also bicker n.¹ Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse bikarr. Etymology: Middle English biker, < Old Norse bikarr; found in other Germanic languages (Old Saxon bikeri, Old High German behhâri, behhar, Middle High German and modern German becher) < Germanic type bikarjo-(m), but not a native Germanic word: considered to be < Latin bicārium; but as this is known only in medieval Latin, it is doubtful whether it existed early enough to be the source of the Germanic. (The Romanic words, Italian bicchiére, pécchero, Old French pichier, pechier, referred by Diez to the same source, require a Latin type in biccār-.) Bīcārium* is referred by Diez to Greek βῖκος ‘drinking-bowl,’ of which βῑκάριον would be a legitimately formed, though not recorded, diminutive. The original English form is retained in Scotch bicker; the modern form has apparently been assimilated to beak. 1. a. A large drinking vessel with a wide mouth, an open cup or goblet. (Now chiefly in literary use.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] > large beaker1348 facer1527 wassailing bowl1555 wassail-cup1600 wassail-bowl1606 consciencea1643 bellarmine1720 breakfast-cup1762 longbeard1850 1348 Acc. Edw. Pr. Wales* in Promptorium Parvulorum 35 Magne pecie argenti, vocate Bikers. 1420 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 45 A becure of seluer. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 35/2 Byker, cuppe [v.r. bikyr], cimbium. 1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood vi. 75 Fill him his Beaker, he will never flinch, To giue a full quart pot the empty pinch. 1726 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xv. 117 The Prince a silver beaker chose. 1872 E. A. Freeman Hist. Ess. 14 His cupbearer was carrying..a royal beaker full of wine. b. The contents of a beaker. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > [noun] > a drink or draught > contents or amount contained in a beaker beaker1819 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. xiv. 287 We drink this beaker..to the health of Wilfred of Ivanhoe. 1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) xxx. 146 Stimulated by..beakers of Badminton. c. spec. in Archaeology. A type of tall wide-mouthed vessel found in the graves of a people who came to Britain from Central Europe in the early Bronze Age; hence attributive, as beaker-folk, beaker-maker, beaker people. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > [noun] > beaker (Bronze Age) beaker1902 society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [noun] > person of specific prehistoric culture > Bronze Age > collectively beaker-folk1922 beaker people1932 1902 J. Abercromby in Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 32 374 I propose to substitute for the double-barrelled name ‘drinking cup’, the compacter term ‘beaker’. 1906 Archaeol. Æliana II. 147 The Dilstor Park find..also proves the great difficulty of attempting to fix any relevant dates of Bronze Age beakers by a comparison either of their shape or ornamentation. 1916 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 66 117 The Borreby, or Beaker-Maker Type... Probably tall and often fair, light eyed, broad headed, short faced. 1922 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 52 45 The culture is that known in Britain as that of the Beaker-folk. 1932 Discovery Aug. 270/1 The Bronze Age in England began roughly about 2,000 b.c. with the arrival of the ‘Beaker’ people on the east coast—people who used bronze and copper knives and pots of a special type. 1935 Proc. Prehistoric Soc. i. 83 A solitary beaker from a cist at Barroose, Lonan, and three polished flint discoidal knives from the neighbourhood of Peel, are the only indications of the beaker people on the island. 1963 H. N. Savory in I. L. Foster & L. Alcock Culture & Environment iii. 26 The barbed and tanged arrowheads which were undoubtedly introduced into south Wales by the ‘Beaker Folk’. 2. An open-mouthed glass vessel, with a lip for pouring, used in scientific experiments. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > general vessels > glass > others urinalc1300 recipient1558 matrass1591 tritory1660 balloon1678 proof-glass1765 air-bell1782 transfer-jar1827 ignition tube1874 beaker1877 bell-jar1877 flask1878 steam-bomb1895 Nessler tube1906 oxygen bottle1932 1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. II. 16 The acid containing the ammonia is poured out into a beaker. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1348
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