Afarn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈafɑː/, U.S.

/əˈfɑr/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Afars.

Forms: 1800s– Afar, 1800s Afer.

Origin: A borrowing from Afar. Etymon: Afar ³Afar.

Etymology: < Afar ³Afar (also written Qafár), self-designation. Compare French Afar (1842 or earlier).It is unclear whether post-classical Latin Āfer African (see African n.) is related to this name.

A. n.

1. A member of a people of eastern Africa, living in Djibouti, Eritrea, and north-eastern Ethiopia. Cf. Danakil n. a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > other peoples

Galla1625

Afar1845

Nyasa1848

Kikuyu1849

Barotse1851

Makololo1853

Oromo1868

Baganda1872

Acholi1874

Makonde1883

Kamba1885

Luo1886

Ogoni1888

Turkana1894

Lango1902

Sebei1902

Suk1902

Wanderobo1902

Sapiny1909

Sandawe1924

Kipsigis1931

Pokot1937

1845 Athenæum 8 Mar. 243/1 A boiled paste of flour, which is the ordinary food of the A`făr.

1856 R. F. Burton First Footsteps in E. Afr. iii. 74 The singular is Dankali, the plural Danakil: both words are Arabic, the vernacular name being ‘Afar’ or ‘Afer’, the Somali ‘Afar nimun’.

1869 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 39 209 The inhabitants of the triangle are simply a conglomeration of a number of small tribes, who talk the same language... I do not think we shall do wrong in calling them the Afars, after the language they speak.

1955 I. M. Lewis Peoples of Horn of Afr. 155 The name ‘Danakil’ first occurs in the 13th century writings of the Arab geographer, Ibn Said, and is currently used by the Abyssinians, Arabs, and Arabized Afar.

1969 Times 16 Sept. (Somali Republic Suppl.) p. ii/6 Half [the population] are Muslim Dankalis (or Afars) who also spread into Ethiopia.

2002 Jrnl. Developing Areas 36 123 Most Afars practice Islam as a faith along with customary laws governing marriage, divorce, inheritance, and various rituals for healing.

2. The East Cushitic language of this people. Cf. Danakil n. b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [noun] > Cushitic > Cushitic languages

Agaw1808

Bejaa1817

Sidamo1830

Galla1848

Saho1849

Somali1850

Cushitic1854

Afar1869

Danakil1885

1869 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 39 212 Every one who speaks Afar, and is born in the country, is considered in all the Afar territory as a friend.

1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. xi. 404 The most important dialects [of Cushitic] are Bedja, Saho and Afar.

1977 Trans. Philol. Soc. 1975 206 As far as ʽAfar is concerned there are only two consonant alternants, -t- and -n-.

1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 3/2 Afar has three main dialects, Southern (including Bādu and Aussa subdialects), Central in Djibouti, Northern in Eritrea.

B. adj.

Of or relating to this people or their language. Cf. Danakil adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [adjective] > Cushitic

Saho1831

Afar1845

Sidamo1910

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [adjective] > other peoples

Galla1710

Afar1845

Makololo1857

Baganda1872

Acholi1874

Makonde1876

Ogoni1888

Oromo1890

Turkana1894

Lango1902

Sebei1902

Suk1902

Luo1909

Sandawe1925

Wanderobo1935

Pokot1951

1845 Athenæum 8 Mar. 243/1 As the bahr A`săl is in the A`făr country, we should seek for its etymology in the A`făr language.

1868 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 38 15 The Ragolay ravine belongs to the Belessua branch of the Afar tribe.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 299/2 The Afar region is now partly under Abyssinian and partly under Italian authority.

1978 Observer 29 Jan. 10/7 Afar nationalism: the nomadic people of the Danakil plains and the Awash valley do not want their lands to be occupied by the Eritreans, the Somalis or the Amharas.

2004 Health & Human Rights 7 267 Afar women are now included in community debates and are even actively encouraged to speak.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

afaradv.

Brit.

/əˈfɑː/, U.S.

/əˈfɑr/

Forms:

α. Middle English ofer (in a late copy), Middle English of feor, Middle English of ferre.

β. early Middle English a-feor, early Middle English a-vorre (south-western), Middle English a feer, Middle English a-fer, Middle English afer, Middle English a fer, Middle English afere, Middle English a ferr, Middle English aferr, Middle English a ferre, Middle English aferre, Middle English afferre, Middle English afur, Middle English a fur, Middle English auer (Kent), Middle English a ver, 1500s a farr, 1500s–1600s a-far, 1500s–1600s a far, 1500s–1600s a farre, 1500s–1600s a-farre, 1500s– afar.

γ. Middle English iverre (Kent).

δ. Middle English on ferr.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: of prep., far adv.

Etymology: < of prep. + far adv., with (especially in β. forms) reduction of the first element in unstressed position (compare a prep.²). Compare Anglo-Norman de luinz , Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French de loin (1119), classical Latin a longē , ex longinquō . Compare far adv., ferren adv., and later aferrom adv.Development of phrasal uses. The expanded phrase from afar apparently arose as a result of the formal indistinguishability of a prep.¹ from a prep.² and the loss of transparency of the construction. It was apparently reinforced by post-classical Latin de longinquo (Vulgate), which it translates in quot. a1382 at sense 1b. It soon superseded not only the synonyms ferren adv. and aferrom adv., but also simple use of the β. forms, except in literary or poetic registers. The addition of off adv. (see sense 2b, and compare off adv. 5a) likewise arose out of a need for greater transparency. Particular form types. The γ. forms (whose sole example is from quot. c1350 at sense 2a) could either show substitution of y- prefix, or a reduced form of in prep. (compare β. forms at that entry). The δ. forms apparently show reanalysis of a- (see β. forms) as a reduced form of on prep. (compare a prep.¹).

a. = from afar at sense 1b. Now only with verbs of seeing. Now literary and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [adverb] > from or at a distance > from a distance

ferrenOE

afarc1225

aferromc1380

from afarc1390

c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 6 Wit makið hire durewart, þe warliche loki hwam ha leote in & ut, & of feor bihalde alle þe cuminde.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 184 Dearne fondunges þet he scheoteð of feor.

c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 8914 Hii iseȝen a-vorre one selcouþe storre.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. vi. 182 A doep siȝt seeþ afer [L. a remotis].

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8484 (MED) On ferr [Trin. Cambr. Ful fer] þe golden letters scan.

a1400 (?a1325) Medit. on Supper of our Lord (Harl.) (1875) 583 (MED) Mary hys modyr folewed a ver.

1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. xxv. sig. Fi Other parte of the ost shal folowe of ferre the bataylle of thyn enemye.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 28 Of heght so hoge..To all þe prouyns þai apperit & partis ofer.

1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 420 Useless alike the painted jar, And showy tinsel maid: Both charm the senses, viewed afar, And pall when near display'd.

1873 L. Wallace Fair God vii. viii. 483 The smoke from the burning houses, momentarily thickening and widening, was seen afar.

1914 M. J. Cawein Poet & Nature 192 One small window, seen afar, Beneath vined eaves, Gleams o'er the marsh like some bright star.

b. from afar: from a distance; from far away. Also figurative.

ΚΠ

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Tobit xi. 5 In the euese of the hil, fro whennus she myȝte beholden fro aferr [L. de longinquo].

?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iii. pr. iii. l. 1891 Ȝe looken from a fer til þilk verray fyn of blisfulnesse [L. uerumque illum beatitudinis finem licet minime perspicaci qualicumque tamen cogitatione prospicitis].

c1450 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Fairf. 16) (1879) Prol. l. 211 From a fer come walkyng in the mede The god of love.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iv. f. 24 Manye brought from a farre theyr diseased.

1611 T. Heywood Golden Age i. sig. B4^v To strike and wound thy foe-man from a farre.

1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 cv. 27 For now brave Rupert from afar appears.

1700 J. Dryden Flower & Leaf in Fables 391 From afar I heard a suddain Symphony of War.

1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xxxiv. 18 When the long-sounding curfew from afar Loaded with loud lament the lonely gale.

1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms i. 74 Some stately ship, that from afar Shone sudden.

1878 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighb. x. 172 That foolish emulation which makes one class ape another from afar.

1919 J. H. Randall With Soul on Fire xviii. 191 We could stand it, and continue to love him from afar just the same.

1932 C. Brooks Jrnl. 15 Jan. (1998) 26 We were politely informed by a flunky in a blue livery that we might not gaze on the dancing girls even from afar.

1974 H. B. Wilson Democracy & Work Place xii. 85 The ones doing the dangerous jobs while the rest of us admire them from afar.

2007 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) Feb. 12/2 Seen from afar, the landscape looks perfectly smooth, but up close it is a churning cauldron of strange geometries.

a. At a great distance; at a distance far removed; far away, far off. Also: to a great distance; far from the starting point.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [adverb] > at or to a distance

ferrenc888

farc900

longOE

afarc1300

yond13..

on length1340

alonga1382

adreigha1393

on dreicha1400

afar offc1400

far-aboutc1450

alengtha1500

distantlya1500

remote1589

remotely1609

yferrea1643

out of his (her, its, etc.) way1650

adistance1807

away1818

way1833

way off1836

way out1840

c1300 St. Edmund King (Laud) l. 45 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 298 (MED) Huy benden heore bouwene and stoden a-feor.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 120 Þe kynges þre þat come ryde Fram be easte wel iverre.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xiv. 19 Whether throwende aferr thou threwe awei Judam, or thi soule wlatede Sion?

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 12352 (MED) Þese oþere leouns..Stoden a fer [Fairf. on ferre, Gött. on fer].

c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1215 A fer fro hem alle be hem selue.

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 154 An hye roche to whom the see touched beneth a ferre lowe doun.

1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 756 in Wks. (1931) I Thow stand afar.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. i. 4 New broiles To be commencte in stronds a far [1623 a-farre] remote.

1675 S. Loveday Alarm to Slumbring Christians 125 The highest sort of traders many times straiten themselves to inlarge their trade, straiten their home occasions, to venture largely afar.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 113 Reach out their Spears afar, And blood their Points.

1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st i. 1 The steep where Fame's proud temple shines afar!

1817 T. Chalmers Series Disc. Christian Revelation i. 49 There are other worlds, which roll afar.

1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais xiv. 11 Afar the melancholy thunder moaned.

1851 C. Rumball Marvellous Adventures Charles Thunderbolt iii. iv. 240 Then Hanson presented the different kings, queens, princes, and illustrious strangers who had come from lands afar.

1903 J. Davidson Knight of Maypole iii. 75 I fear I must have lived too long afar from towns.

1930 R. Campbell Poems 3 The pine-heaving mistral rolls afar The sounding gust.

2008 D. Berrigan Kings & their Gods 43 Merchants wend in and out of open borders, sail afar in quest of markets.

b. With off.

ΚΠ

1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. dj Archimedes..with his Burning Glasses..fired their other Shippes a far off.

1578 T. Tymme tr. J. Calvin Comm. Genesis 148 Hide himself in some Desert a farre off.

1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 100 It will be best for a man to keepe himselfe a farre of.

1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xxii. 4 Abraham lift vp his eyes, and saw the place afarre off.

1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. i. 1 Thales a Milesian, a farre off [printed a jarre off; 1678 afar off] by descent.

1723 J. Hayward Prodigal Son ii. 53 God beheld him [sc. St Paul] afar off, as also he did Matthew at the Receipt of Custom.

1788 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) I. 275 The capture of a Privateer makes more noise taken in the Channel, than a Frigate..afar off.

1825 Mirror of Lit. 3 Sept. 192/1 Laid over it a silk pall, which was instantly thrown afar off, as by some invisible hand.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. ii. iv. 37 God lives afar off, and his word is as a parchment written by dead men.

1914 G. K. Chesterton Flying Inn xvii. 195 He saw afar off, sitting above the river, what has been very erroneously described as the best club in London.

1956 S. Plath Jrnl. 10 Mar. (2000) 234 I crossed the slippery floor, and afar off, laughing hobos bowled large black balls at me to knock me down.

2007 Arkansas Democrat-Gaz. (Nexis) 29 Aug. Deep blue mountains rise afar off, so abstract from here that they might as well be frescoes painted on a pale blue sky.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	afar
释义	Afarn.adj. Brit. /ˈafɑː/, U.S. /əˈfɑr/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Afars. Forms: 1800s– Afar, 1800s Afer. Origin: A borrowing from Afar. Etymon: Afar ³Afar. Etymology: < Afar ³Afar (also written Qafár), self-designation. Compare French Afar (1842 or earlier).It is unclear whether post-classical Latin Āfer African (see African n.) is related to this name. A. n. 1. A member of a people of eastern Africa, living in Djibouti, Eritrea, and north-eastern Ethiopia. Cf. Danakil n. a. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > other peoples Galla1625 Afar1845 Nyasa1848 Kikuyu1849 Barotse1851 Makololo1853 Oromo1868 Baganda1872 Acholi1874 Makonde1883 Kamba1885 Luo1886 Ogoni1888 Turkana1894 Lango1902 Sebei1902 Suk1902 Wanderobo1902 Sapiny1909 Sandawe1924 Kipsigis1931 Pokot1937 1845 Athenæum 8 Mar. 243/1 A boiled paste of flour, which is the ordinary food of the A`făr. 1856 R. F. Burton First Footsteps in E. Afr. iii. 74 The singular is Dankali, the plural Danakil: both words are Arabic, the vernacular name being ‘Afar’ or ‘Afer’, the Somali ‘Afar nimun’. 1869 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 39 209 The inhabitants of the triangle are simply a conglomeration of a number of small tribes, who talk the same language... I do not think we shall do wrong in calling them the Afars, after the language they speak. 1955 I. M. Lewis Peoples of Horn of Afr. 155 The name ‘Danakil’ first occurs in the 13th century writings of the Arab geographer, Ibn Said, and is currently used by the Abyssinians, Arabs, and Arabized Afar. 1969 Times 16 Sept. (Somali Republic Suppl.) p. ii/6 Half [the population] are Muslim Dankalis (or Afars) who also spread into Ethiopia. 2002 Jrnl. Developing Areas 36 123 Most Afars practice Islam as a faith along with customary laws governing marriage, divorce, inheritance, and various rituals for healing. 2. The East Cushitic language of this people. Cf. Danakil n. b. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [noun] > Cushitic > Cushitic languages Agaw1808 Bejaa1817 Sidamo1830 Galla1848 Saho1849 Somali1850 Cushitic1854 Afar1869 Danakil1885 1869 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 39 212 Every one who speaks Afar, and is born in the country, is considered in all the Afar territory as a friend. 1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. xi. 404 The most important dialects [of Cushitic] are Bedja, Saho and Afar. 1977 Trans. Philol. Soc. 1975 206 As far as ʽAfar is concerned there are only two consonant alternants, -t- and -n-. 1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 3/2 Afar has three main dialects, Southern (including Bādu and Aussa subdialects), Central in Djibouti, Northern in Eritrea. B. adj. Of or relating to this people or their language. Cf. Danakil adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [adjective] > Cushitic Saho1831 Afar1845 Sidamo1910 the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [adjective] > other peoples Galla1710 Afar1845 Makololo1857 Baganda1872 Acholi1874 Makonde1876 Ogoni1888 Oromo1890 Turkana1894 Lango1902 Sebei1902 Suk1902 Luo1909 Sandawe1925 Wanderobo1935 Pokot1951 1845 Athenæum 8 Mar. 243/1 As the bahr A`săl is in the A`făr country, we should seek for its etymology in the A`făr language. 1868 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 38 15 The Ragolay ravine belongs to the Belessua branch of the Afar tribe. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 299/2 The Afar region is now partly under Abyssinian and partly under Italian authority. 1978 Observer 29 Jan. 10/7 Afar nationalism: the nomadic people of the Danakil plains and the Awash valley do not want their lands to be occupied by the Eritreans, the Somalis or the Amharas. 2004 Health & Human Rights 7 267 Afar women are now included in community debates and are even actively encouraged to speak. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). afaradv. Brit. /əˈfɑː/, U.S. /əˈfɑr/ Forms: α. Middle English ofer (in a late copy), Middle English of feor, Middle English of ferre. β. early Middle English a-feor, early Middle English a-vorre (south-western), Middle English a feer, Middle English a-fer, Middle English afer, Middle English a fer, Middle English afere, Middle English a ferr, Middle English aferr, Middle English a ferre, Middle English aferre, Middle English afferre, Middle English afur, Middle English a fur, Middle English auer (Kent), Middle English a ver, 1500s a farr, 1500s–1600s a-far, 1500s–1600s a far, 1500s–1600s a farre, 1500s–1600s a-farre, 1500s– afar. γ. Middle English iverre (Kent). δ. Middle English on ferr. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: of prep., far adv. Etymology: < of prep. + far adv., with (especially in β. forms) reduction of the first element in unstressed position (compare a prep.²). Compare Anglo-Norman de luinz , Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French de loin (1119), classical Latin a longē , ex longinquō . Compare far adv., ferren adv., and later aferrom adv.Development of phrasal uses. The expanded phrase from afar apparently arose as a result of the formal indistinguishability of a prep.¹ from a prep.² and the loss of transparency of the construction. It was apparently reinforced by post-classical Latin de longinquo (Vulgate), which it translates in quot. a1382 at sense 1b. It soon superseded not only the synonyms ferren adv. and aferrom adv., but also simple use of the β. forms, except in literary or poetic registers. The addition of off adv. (see sense 2b, and compare off adv. 5a) likewise arose out of a need for greater transparency. Particular form types. The γ. forms (whose sole example is from quot. c1350 at sense 2a) could either show substitution of y- prefix, or a reduced form of in prep. (compare β. forms at that entry). The δ. forms apparently show reanalysis of a- (see β. forms) as a reduced form of on prep. (compare a prep.¹). 1. a. = from afar at sense 1b. Now only with verbs of seeing. Now literary and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [adverb] > from or at a distance > from a distance ferrenOE afarc1225 aferromc1380 from afarc1390 c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 6 Wit makið hire durewart, þe warliche loki hwam ha leote in & ut, & of feor bihalde alle þe cuminde. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 184 Dearne fondunges þet he scheoteð of feor. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 8914 Hii iseȝen a-vorre one selcouþe storre. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. vi. 182 A doep siȝt seeþ afer [L. a remotis]. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8484 (MED) On ferr [Trin. Cambr. Ful fer] þe golden letters scan. a1400 (?a1325) Medit. on Supper of our Lord (Harl.) (1875) 583 (MED) Mary hys modyr folewed a ver. 1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. xxv. sig. Fi Other parte of the ost shal folowe of ferre the bataylle of thyn enemye. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 28 Of heght so hoge..To all þe prouyns þai apperit & partis ofer. 1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 420 Useless alike the painted jar, And showy tinsel maid: Both charm the senses, viewed afar, And pall when near display'd. 1873 L. Wallace Fair God vii. viii. 483 The smoke from the burning houses, momentarily thickening and widening, was seen afar. 1914 M. J. Cawein Poet & Nature 192 One small window, seen afar, Beneath vined eaves, Gleams o'er the marsh like some bright star. b. from afar: from a distance; from far away. Also figurative. ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Tobit xi. 5 In the euese of the hil, fro whennus she myȝte beholden fro aferr [L. de longinquo]. ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iii. pr. iii. l. 1891 Ȝe looken from a fer til þilk verray fyn of blisfulnesse [L. uerumque illum beatitudinis finem licet minime perspicaci qualicumque tamen cogitatione prospicitis]. c1450 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Fairf. 16) (1879) Prol. l. 211 From a fer come walkyng in the mede The god of love. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iv. f. 24 Manye brought from a farre theyr diseased. 1611 T. Heywood Golden Age i. sig. B4^v To strike and wound thy foe-man from a farre. 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 cv. 27 For now brave Rupert from afar appears. 1700 J. Dryden Flower & Leaf in Fables 391 From afar I heard a suddain Symphony of War. 1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st xxxiv. 18 When the long-sounding curfew from afar Loaded with loud lament the lonely gale. 1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms i. 74 Some stately ship, that from afar Shone sudden. 1878 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighb. x. 172 That foolish emulation which makes one class ape another from afar. 1919 J. H. Randall With Soul on Fire xviii. 191 We could stand it, and continue to love him from afar just the same. 1932 C. Brooks Jrnl. 15 Jan. (1998) 26 We were politely informed by a flunky in a blue livery that we might not gaze on the dancing girls even from afar. 1974 H. B. Wilson Democracy & Work Place xii. 85 The ones doing the dangerous jobs while the rest of us admire them from afar. 2007 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) Feb. 12/2 Seen from afar, the landscape looks perfectly smooth, but up close it is a churning cauldron of strange geometries. 2. a. At a great distance; at a distance far removed; far away, far off. Also: to a great distance; far from the starting point. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > distance or farness > [adverb] > at or to a distance ferrenc888 farc900 longOE afarc1300 yond13.. on length1340 alonga1382 adreigha1393 on dreicha1400 afar offc1400 far-aboutc1450 alengtha1500 distantlya1500 remote1589 remotely1609 yferrea1643 out of his (her, its, etc.) way1650 adistance1807 away1818 way1833 way1833 way off1836 way out1840 c1300 St. Edmund King (Laud) l. 45 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 298 (MED) Huy benden heore bouwene and stoden a-feor. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 120 Þe kynges þre þat come ryde Fram be easte wel iverre. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xiv. 19 Whether throwende aferr thou threwe awei Judam, or thi soule wlatede Sion? a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 12352 (MED) Þese oþere leouns..Stoden a fer [Fairf. on ferre, Gött. on fer]. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 1215 A fer fro hem alle be hem selue. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 154 An hye roche to whom the see touched beneth a ferre lowe doun. 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 756 in Wks. (1931) I Thow stand afar. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. i. 4 New broiles To be commencte in stronds a far [1623 a-farre] remote. View more context for this quotation 1675 S. Loveday Alarm to Slumbring Christians 125 The highest sort of traders many times straiten themselves to inlarge their trade, straiten their home occasions, to venture largely afar. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 113 Reach out their Spears afar, And blood their Points. 1771 J. Beattie Minstrel: Bk. 1st i. 1 The steep where Fame's proud temple shines afar! 1817 T. Chalmers Series Disc. Christian Revelation i. 49 There are other worlds, which roll afar. 1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais xiv. 11 Afar the melancholy thunder moaned. 1851 C. Rumball Marvellous Adventures Charles Thunderbolt iii. iv. 240 Then Hanson presented the different kings, queens, princes, and illustrious strangers who had come from lands afar. 1903 J. Davidson Knight of Maypole iii. 75 I fear I must have lived too long afar from towns. 1930 R. Campbell Poems 3 The pine-heaving mistral rolls afar The sounding gust. 2008 D. Berrigan Kings & their Gods 43 Merchants wend in and out of open borders, sail afar in quest of markets. b. With off. ΚΠ 1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. dj Archimedes..with his Burning Glasses..fired their other Shippes a far off. 1578 T. Tymme tr. J. Calvin Comm. Genesis 148 Hide himself in some Desert a farre off. 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 100 It will be best for a man to keepe himselfe a farre of. 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xxii. 4 Abraham lift vp his eyes, and saw the place afarre off. View more context for this quotation 1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. i. 1 Thales a Milesian, a farre off [printed a jarre off; 1678 afar off] by descent. 1723 J. Hayward Prodigal Son ii. 53 God beheld him [sc. St Paul] afar off, as also he did Matthew at the Receipt of Custom. 1788 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) I. 275 The capture of a Privateer makes more noise taken in the Channel, than a Frigate..afar off. 1825 Mirror of Lit. 3 Sept. 192/1 Laid over it a silk pall, which was instantly thrown afar off, as by some invisible hand. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. ii. iv. 37 God lives afar off, and his word is as a parchment written by dead men. 1914 G. K. Chesterton Flying Inn xvii. 195 He saw afar off, sitting above the river, what has been very erroneously described as the best club in London. 1956 S. Plath Jrnl. 10 Mar. (2000) 234 I crossed the slippery floor, and afar off, laughing hobos bowled large black balls at me to knock me down. 2007 Arkansas Democrat-Gaz. (Nexis) 29 Aug. Deep blue mountains rise afar off, so abstract from here that they might as well be frescoes painted on a pale blue sky. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1845adv.c1225
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