† ylikeadj.n.

Forms:

α. early Old English geliic, Old English geliccra (genitive plural), Old English gelyc (rare), Old English gilic (Northumbrian), Old English–early Middle English gelic, early Middle English ȝelic, early Middle English ȝelich, early Middle English ilic, Middle English ileche, Middle English ilich, Middle English iliche, Middle English ilyche, Middle English yleche, Middle English yleyche, Middle English ylich, Middle English yliche, Middle English ylych, Middle English ylyche.

β. early Middle English ilek, early Middle English ilik, early Middle English ylyk, Middle English ilike, Middle English illike, Middle English illyke, Middle English ilyke, Middle English ylijk, Middle English ylik, Middle English ylike, Middle English ylyke.

γ. northern late Middle English elike (in compounds), late Middle English elyk (in compounds); Scottish pre-1700 elik, pre-1700 elike, pre-1700 ellyke, pre-1700 elyik, pre-1700 elyk, pre-1700 elyke.

Also comparative Old English geliccra. Also superlative Old English geliccast, Old English geliccost, early Middle English ilicchest.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian gelīk , Old Dutch gilīk (Middle Dutch gelijc , Dutch gelijk ), Old Saxon gilīk (Middle Low German gelīk ), Old High German gilīh (Middle High German gelīch , German gleich ), Old Icelandic glíkr , Gothic galeiks < the Germanic base of y- prefix + the Germanic base of lich n. Compare later like adj., like n.¹, and alike adj., which have now superseded this word. Compare also anlike adj.The Germanic base. The prefixed formation apparently already existed at an early stage in Germanic, with the second element showing its underlying sense ‘form, shape’ (compare the semantically parallel formation classical Latin conformis conform adj.). The existence of an Old Icelandic form with initial g- supports this assumption, since the prefix was no longer productive in North Germanic, but survives in this reduced form in a small number of early combinations (see discussion at y- prefix). Form history. In Old English the stem-final (originally velar) consonant is phonologically subject to palatalization and assibilation at the end of the word (gelīċ ) and before inflectional endings beginning with a front vowel (e.g. dative singular gelīċe ); in other positions the velar plosive is retained (e.g. dative plural gelīcum , superlative gelīcost ). However, the assibilated consonant was probably sometimes analogically extended to such forms already in Old English. The assibilated forms continue into Middle English (usually spelt ch : see α. forms). The β. forms partly reflect unassibilated forms of the Old English paradigm, but probably also show the influence of the early Scandinavian cognates and perhaps also of the ultimately related like v.¹ For discussion of the γ. forms see ylike adv. (where the corresponding forms are earlier and commoner). The comparative and superlative forms Old English geliccra , geliccast , geliccost , early Middle English ilicchest apparently show shortening of the vowel and compensatory lengthening of the consonant (as does the genitive plural form geliccra at α. forms). Notes on noun use. In use as noun in Old English inflected as a weak masculine in sense B. 1, but as a strong neuter in sense B. 2. With Middle English use in sense B. 2 compare also like n.¹ 1 and the discussion at that entry.

Obsolete.

A. adj.

a. Having a close resemblance; similar, identical; = like adj. 1a.In some negative phrases (see, e.g. quots. c1300 and a1500 at sense A. 1a(a)), there is the implication of being unequalled rather than of a mere lack of resemblance.

(a) With a noun or noun phrase as complement. In Old English with dative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective]

ylikeeOE

likeOE

anlikeOE

accordanta1325

of a (also one) mouldc1330

kindred1340

lichy1370

likelyc1384

alikea1393

ontinkela1400

evenly?c1400

similable?a1440

semble1449

of a sort1463

seemable1501

uniform1548

resembled1553

self-like1556

like-natured1566

resembling1573

kindlike1579

of the same, that, every, etc. feather1581

resemblant1581

marrow1585

similar1586

like-seeming1590

twin-like1599

connatural1601

similary1610

semblativea1616

otherlike1620

like-shaped1640

connate1641

homogeneous1641

consimilar1645

congenerous1646

resemblancing1652

congeniousa1656

congenerate1657

equaliform1660

congenial1669

similitive1678

symbolizant1685

synonymous1690

of akin1723

consimilary1736

like-sized1742

cogeneric1777

alike as a row of pins1785

congenerica1834

Siamese1833

congener1867

lak1881

sorty1885

homoeomorphic1902

homogenized1958

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxi. 322 Þa geseah ic lichoman..on bedde gesetedne: & wæs slæpendum men gelicra þonne deadum [L. quasi dormientis simile].

OE Ælfric Homily: De Duodecim Abusivis (Corpus Cambr. 178) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 299 Se ealda mann þe bið butan eawfæstnysse bið þam treowe gelic þe leaf byrð & blostman & nænne wæstm ne byrð.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 9 Dieuel..sade: Ero similis altissimo, ‘Ic scal bien ȝelich ðan heisten.’

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 149 Hwase eauer haueð ani vn þeau of þeo þet ich ear nempnede, oðer ham iliche, ha haueð prude sikerliche.

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) l. 502 Þer nas no kniȝt hym ilik.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2336 A semede þe diuel ileche.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 25 The firste humour..is myche y-lijk glas in color.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 149 None afore the hath be y-lyke the, ne aftyre the shall come.

?1550 L. Ridley Expos. Epist. St. Paule to Philippians ii. sig. F.iiii^v Lette the same mynde be in you that was in Christ Iesu, whiche..toke vpon him the shape of a seruante, bycam elyke another man.

(b) With complement introduced by to (also unto).

ΚΠ

c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 575 Þu makedest mon of lame & ȝeue him liuiende ȝast ilich to þe seoluen.

c1250 in Stud. Philol. (1931) 28 596 Such amon þat is riche, he is to þe nasse iliche.

a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 362 Þe kyngdom of heuene ylich is to a gret net Þat is ycast in þe see and gadereþ þer-wiþ gret met Of eche manere ffisch.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. xx. 321 Ȝif hit [sc. food] were nouȝt imaad iliche to þe membres hit schulde neiþir be incorporat neiþir iturned into þe kynde þerof.

c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 792 Ȝe ben to þe hellehond holliche ilike.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 736 Noon to hym I-lich Of worshipp ne of wele.

?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 160 A geant named Cerberus, ynowh ylyke vnto pluto of condiciouns.

b. Scottish. Similar or identical to something mentioned. Cf. like adj. 3.

ΚΠ

1558 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1558/11/11 That the elike lettre of naturalitie be gevin and grantit..to all..the said Maist Cristin King of France subjectis..in the realme of Scotland.

1583 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) I. 180 The commissioneris... to heir James Ros comptis.., with the elyk power to thame as they had of befoir.

1605 in J. Fullarton Rec. Burgh Prestwick (1834) 86 It is statute..that the elyk..ordinance be observit & kepit in tyme cuming.

2. Of two or more things: equal or identical to one another; alike. Also in ever ylike, ay ylike: unchanging, always the same. Cf. alike adj. 1, like adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > [adverb]

ever ylikeOE

stillc1297

unchangeablya1340

in likea1425

unchangingly1435

immutably1601

irrevocably1608

negatively1622

inalterably1631

irreversibly1635

unalterably1643

invariably1646

intransibly1654

influxibly1677

uniformly1682

eternally1694

unvariably1766

unvaryingly1814

changelessly1825

homœostatically1959

terminally1974

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective] > to or with

ylikeOE

semblablec1374

shapelyc1374

resemblablea1393

resemblanta1393

visible1412

participantc1485

semblant1485

alikea1500

conformable1526

conform1553

semnable1651

similar1657

unopposite1825

OE Beowulf (2008) 2164 Hyrde ic þæt þam frætwum feower mearas lungre, gelice, last weardode, æppelfealuwe.

OE Laws of Æðelred II (Claud.) vi. lii. 258 Se maga & se unmaga ne beoð na gelice.

a1250 Ureisun ure Louerde (Nero) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 203 Meiden and moder..his þet naueð nouðer ende ne biginnunge, þet is euer i-liche wið-ute sturiunge.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 355 Þinges þat beeth i-liche [c1400 Tiber. buþ ylyche] acordeþ to gidres.

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §17. 9 Than ben the daies & the nyhtes illike of lenghthe in al the world.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 1907 Fortunys gifftis be nat ay iliche.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 399 Thre waxe-candels..Euery candelle y-leyche of weyȝt.

c1480 (a1400) St. Bartholomew l. 98 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 183 Prayt hyme [to] cum hyme to, & to his dowchtyre þe sammyn do, þat he dyd to þe lunatyke; fore þare seknes ware elyke.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 151 Yestyrday he hadd frendys Speciall, but today he haue ham all y-lyke.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. xiv. 50 Schynand with elyk [v.r. elik] armes paregate.

1553 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1871) II. 176 Thai and all vtheris merchandis bayth haldin and cumin hame to be elik in expensis.

3. Fitting, suitable, appropriate. Cf. like adj. 8.Also with complement in dative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > [adjective] > fitting or proper

methelyeOE

ylikeeOE

fairOE

i-meteOE

rightOE

becomelyc1175

proper?c1225

featc1325

conablea1340

rightful1340

worthyc1350

pursuanda1375

covenable1382

dignec1385

convenablec1386

thriftyc1386

sittingc1390

comenablea1400

gainlya1400

meeta1400

wortha1400

convenientc1400

meetlya1425

suinga1425

fitc1440

tallc1440

worthyc1450

good1477

dueful?a1527

beseeminga1530

fitting1535

straighta1538

decent1539

answerable1542

becoming1565

condecent1575

becomed1599

respective1605

befittinga1612

comely1617

decorous1664

shape-like1672

beseemly1737

farrantly?1748

fitly1840

in order1850

eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) (2009) I. xxi. 479 Fo[r]ðæm ælces landes ge[cy]nd is þæt hit hi[m g]elica wyrta & gelicne wudu tydr[e] [L. dat cuique natura quod conuenit].

OE Blickling Homilies 21 He [sc. the body]..bið þonne undeaþlic..& sceal þeah beon gelic his geearnungum.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7542 Nusten heo an world-riche ræd þat heom weore ilike.

B. n.

1. An equal, a peer; one's counterpart or fellow. Cf. like n.¹ 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > equal, counterpart, or equivalent

ylikeeOE

likea1200

make?c1225

fellow?a1425

proportion?a1425

countervailc1430

matcha1450

meetc1450

pareil?c1450

resemblant1484

equivalent1502

countermatch1587

second1599

parallel1600

equipollent1611

balancea1616

tantamount1637

analogy1646

analogate1652

form-fellow1659

equivalency1698

par1711

homologizer1716

peel1722

analogon1797

quits1806

correlate1821

analogue1837

representant1847

homologue1848

countertype1855

homologon1871

correlative1875

vis-à-vis1900

counterpart1903

eOE Metres of Boethius (partly from transcript of damaged MS) (2009) xx. 37 Nan þing nis þin gelica.

lOE Laws: Ælfred & Guthrum's Peace (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 126 Gif ma ðone man betyhð, ðe bið læssa maga ðone se cyninges ðegn, ladige he hine mid xi his gelicena & mid anum cyninges ðægne.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 151 Iob wes..swa godmon þet ure drihten..seide þet under houene ne nan his ilike.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12665 Nes þer na king his ilike [c1300 Otho iliche].

c1300 Judas Iscariot (Harl.) l. 66 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 109 Ech þing loueþ his iliche.

?1316 Short Metrical Chron. (Royal) (2002) l. 374 Þe kyng of Merkyneriche Nes þer non ys yliche.

2. Outward appearance, semblance, guise; concrete an image, a likeness. Cf. like n.¹ 1.In Old English in partitive genitive singular as postmodifier.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun]

onseneeOE

bleea1000

shapeOE

ylikeOE

laitc1175

semblanta1225

sightc1275

fare1297

showingc1300

specea1325

parelc1330

guise1340

countenance1362

semblance?a1366

apparel1377

regardc1380

apparencec1384

imagec1384

spicec1384

overseeminga1398

kenninga1400

seemingc1400

visage1422

rinda1450

semenauntc1450

'pearance1456

outwardc1475

representation1489

favour?a1500

figurea1522

assemblant1523

prospect?1533

respect1535

visure1545

perceiverance1546

outwardshine1549

species1559

utter-shape1566

look1567

physiognomy1567

face1572

paintry1573

visor1575

mienc1586

superficies?1589

behaviour1590

aspect1594

complexion1597

confrontment1604

show1604

aira1616

beseeminga1616

formality1615

resemblancea1616

blush1620

upcomea1630

presentment1637

scheme1655

sensation1662

visibility1669

plumage1707

facies1727

remark1748

extrinsica1797

exterior1801

showance1820

the cut of one's jib1823

personnel1839

personal appearance1842

what-like1853

look-see1898

outwall1933

visuality1938

prosopon1947

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation

ylikenesseOE

likenessOE

anlikenessOE

ylikeOE

imagec1300

acornc1388

portraiturea1393

resemblancea1393

semblanta1400

counterfeitc1400

shapec1400

statuec1405

representation1477

presentationa1513

presentment1535

effigy1539

porture1542

express1553

effigium1564

representance1565

designment1570

icon1572

mimesisa1586

effigies1615

expressurea1616

represent1615

signature1618

proportion1678

representative1766

rendering1825

buggerlugs1839

effigiation1876

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) i. v. 46 Ic wende, þæt þes sceolde beon mycel & fæger. Nu næfð he naht men gelices [L. de homine nihil habet].

c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) 664 Crist..þurh his ahne engel i culurene iliche fedde hire.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 108 Hwase nemei þis ȝimstan habben & halden iþe nest of hire heorte..habbe his iliche þet is þe crucifix.

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 289 In hornes ilike [c1300 Laud ylyche] þu schalt hure biswike.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 160 Ase mannes ylyche ymad of tre May nauȝt be al ase man may be..Ne godes ylyche, man, y-wys, Ne may nauȝt be al ase god ys.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† ylikev.

Forms: Old English gelician, Old English gelikian (rare), early Middle English ȝelicie, early Middle English ilicie, early Middle English ylyky.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Dutch gilīkon (Middle Dutch gelīken ), Old High German gilīhhēn (Middle High German gelīchen ), Gothic galeikan < the Germanic base of y- prefix (compare y- prefix 3c) + the Germanic base of like v.¹

Obsolete.

transitive. To please, to be pleasing to. Also impersonal, or with non-referential it as subject.In Old English with dative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > please or give pleasure [verb]

ylikeeOE

belovec1225

savoura1300

belike1770

pleasure1937

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) v. i. 113 Ascian þonne Italie hiera agne londleode hu him þa tida gelicoden, þa hie mon slog & hiende.

OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 263 Sicut domino placuit, ita factum est swaswa hit drihtne gelicode [OE Durh. licode, c1225 Worcester ilicode], swa hit is gedon.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) vii. 52 Genim þas ylcan wyrte..& gehoh hy to ðære hyfe. Þonne beoð hy [sc. beon] wungynde & næfre ne swicað ac him gelicað [?a1200 Harl. 6258B ȝelicað].

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 109 Leue uader ylyky þe þet þe holy gost ous wille alyȝte þe herte.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† ylikeadv.

Forms:

α. early Old English geliice, Old English geliccost (superlative), Old English gelyce (rare), Old English gilice (Northumbrian), Old English–early Middle English gelice, early Middle English ȝelice, early Middle English ȝeliche, early Middle English ilice, Middle English ileche, Middle English ilich, Middle English iliche, Middle English ilyche, Middle English yeliche, Middle English yleche, Middle English yliche, Middle English ylych, Middle English ylyche, Middle English ylyech, Middle English ylyge (probably transmission error), late Middle English ilych (in a late copy).

β. Middle English ilik, Middle English ilike, Middle English illik, Middle English illike, Middle English ilyke, Middle English ylyk, Middle English–1500s ylyke, Middle English–1600s ylike, late Middle English ylikne (transmission error).

γ. chiefly northern Middle English eliche, Middle English elik, Middle English elike, Middle English elyche, Middle English elyk, Middle English–1500s elyke; Scottish pre-1700 elik, pre-1700 elike, pre-1700 elyk, pre-1700 elyke.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian gelīke , Old Dutch gilīko (Middle Dutch gelike , Dutch gelijk ), Old Saxon gilīko (Middle Low German gelīke ), Old High German gilīhho (Middle High German gelīche , gelīch , German gleich ), all in sense ‘equally’, Old Icelandic glíka , in sense ‘also’, Gothic galeiko , in sense ‘equally’ < the Germanic base of ylike adj. Compare later like adv. and alike adv.For a discussion of the α. and β. forms see ylike adj.; compare also forms at like adj., adv., conj., and prep. The γ. forms are characteristic of northern Middle English and Older Scots. The initial vowel e- of these forms shows lowering from i- in Middle English (compare forms of enough adj., pron., n., and adv.); some examples may perhaps alternatively represent a variant of alike adv. with reduction of the first syllable under low stress.

Obsolete.

1. In a like manner, likewise, also; to the same extent, equally. Also: unceasingly, constantly. Cf. alike adv. 1, 2, 3a.In quot. OE² at α. with so and dative of the thing compared.ever ylike: see everylike adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adverb]

ylikeeOE

alsoOE

with likec1175

swilk12..

in (also on and without preposition) like mannerc1330

in semblable case(s, in case(s semblable1390

item1398

in likec1400

semblably1420

in like wise1422

likelya1425

likewisec1443

alikewisec1450

ylikedealc1450

in like casea1459

ylikewise1460

otherwaysc1485

semblable1490

sic-like1513

like1529

seemably1535

likeways1551

agreeably1561

fellowlikea1569

alliably1593

likewisely1605

in specie1632

similarly1657

resemblingly1661

kindredly1765

evenwise1866

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adverb] > so or in such a manner

soc888

ylikeeOE

asOE

so‥asa1225

likea1393

like asc1475

s'a1616

the same1765

same like1898

α.

eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) (2009) I. xxxiii. 540 Symle he bið gelice manþwære.

OE Blickling Homilies 119 Ne wæron þas [sc. ages of the world] ealle gelice lange, ac on þyssum wæs þreo þusend wintra, on sumre læsse, on sumere eft mare.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xx. 5 Eft he uteode embe þa sixtan & nigoþan tide & dyde þam swa gelice [L. fecit similiter].

a1200 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Trin. Cambr.) 66 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 222 Africh man mid þat he haueð mai bugge heueriche Þe þe more haueð and þe þe lasse boðe iliche.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 152 Þat water of baþe is þat on þat euere is iliche hot.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1668 Til þ^t the Theban knyghtes bothe yliche Honoured, weren in to the Paleys fet.

c1475 (?a1410) J. Lydgate Churl & Bird (Harl.) in Select. Minor Poems (1840) 181 Of lengthe and brede yeliche square and longe.

1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cvi^v Take Fenell Maryall and Kersis ilich moch.

?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 8 Take blac mynte and wos of the rewe, of boþe ylych moche.

1591 (?a1425) Shepherds (Huntington) in R. M. Lumiansky & D. Mill Chester Myst. Cycle (1974) I. 129 Laye forth, eych man ilych, what hee hath lafte of his liverye; And I wyll first put forth my pyche with my parte firste.

β. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 74 (MED) Hyr luue is ay ilik [a1400 Fairf. I-like] new; Hir luue sco haldes lele ilike.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. l. 436 Trauailleth..for a tretour..As for a trewe tydy man al tymes ylyke.c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §39. 48 The longitude of a clymat ys a lyne ymagined fro Est to west, illike distant by-twene them alle.c1450 (c1400) Cuckoo & Nightingale (Fairf.) (1975) l. 64 The floures and the gras al ilike hie.c1450 (a1400) Libeaus Desconus (Calig. A.ii) (1969) l. 1037 Þey sawe an hynde com st[r]yke And two grehoundes y-lyke.?a1475 (a1396) W. Hilton Scale of Perfection (Harl. 6579) i. xxxiv. f. 20^v Hoo so be ai ilike wis in knowynge of God and [of] gostli þinges, hit semiþ þat he wexiþ bute a litel in þe lufe of God.1526 Treasure of Pore Men f. iiii Take Sage Fenell Ueruen Betany..Pympernell Serfoyle & Rewe of al these ylyke moche & grynde them in a morter.1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. x. sig. O.iiij The men and the women moste communely are appareilled ylike.1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders xxxix. 328 The Cleargie falsly sings the Tenors straine, The Peeres ylike the Countertenor sing.1628 W. Lathum tr. J. L. Vives in Virgil Eclogues 62 A God-like life he shall receive, and see The heavenly Hero'es, the Gods among; And hee, of them ylike, shall viewed bee.γ. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 1796 Þai drinklid [a1400 Trin. Cambr. drenched] ilkan euer elike.a1425 ( H. Daniel Liber Uricrisiarum (Wellcome 225) 458 (MED) Þe 2 condicion..is..hys body, þat it..be overall elyk hal & not to brokyne.c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. l. 200 I haue ben eliche egal To oon and alle.1427 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 15/2 Wrychtis, smythis, talȝeouris, webstaris, & all vthiris elik generally.c1440 (?a1375) Abbey Holy Ghost (Thornton) in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 54 The gud lady Meknes þat aye Elyke makis hir selfe lowly.c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) i. l. 66 Þer gromes and þe goodmen beth all eliche grette.?1526 J. Fisher Serm. conc. Heretickes sig. Fiv All that multitude y^t folowed Christe, was nat elyke nygh vnto Christe, euery one of them.1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados x. viii. 34 My fader..Reputis all elike.1556 W. Lauder Compend. Tractate Dewtie of Kyngis sig. A2 To do dew Iustice, to the dede Elyke boith to the ryche, and pure.a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) (1946) ii. ii. f. 60 Foure lillyis of gold with foure goldin crossis elike distant fra vtheris.

2. In the same manner as, like. Cf. alike adv. 3b.In Old English with the conjunctions so or and.

ΚΠ

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) v. vii. 122 Elpendes hyd wile drincan wætan, gelice & spynge deð.

OE Blickling Homilies 17 He him gehet his æriste..gelice swa he ær þa þrowunge dyde.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 25106 Þi will in erd be wroght elik [a1400 Vesp. ilike], Als it es wroght in heuen lay.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. l. 330 Whusshen and wylnen Alle manere of men mercy and for-ȝeuenesse, And louye hem yliche hym-sylf.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. May 4 How falles it then, we no merrier bene, Ylike as others, girt in gawdy greene?

a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) ii. ii. 25 If I kissen, These thick stark bristles of mine beard will pricken Ylike the skin of Hownd-fish.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

adj.n.eOE

v.eOE

adv.eOE

单词	ylike
释义	† ylikeadj.n. Forms: α. early Old English geliic, Old English geliccra (genitive plural), Old English gelyc (rare), Old English gilic (Northumbrian), Old English–early Middle English gelic, early Middle English ȝelic, early Middle English ȝelich, early Middle English ilic, Middle English ileche, Middle English ilich, Middle English iliche, Middle English ilyche, Middle English yleche, Middle English yleyche, Middle English ylich, Middle English yliche, Middle English ylych, Middle English ylyche. β. early Middle English ilek, early Middle English ilik, early Middle English ylyk, Middle English ilike, Middle English illike, Middle English illyke, Middle English ilyke, Middle English ylijk, Middle English ylik, Middle English ylike, Middle English ylyke. γ. northern late Middle English elike (in compounds), late Middle English elyk (in compounds); Scottish pre-1700 elik, pre-1700 elike, pre-1700 ellyke, pre-1700 elyik, pre-1700 elyk, pre-1700 elyke. Also comparative Old English geliccra. Also superlative Old English geliccast, Old English geliccost, early Middle English ilicchest. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian gelīk , Old Dutch gilīk (Middle Dutch gelijc , Dutch gelijk ), Old Saxon gilīk (Middle Low German gelīk ), Old High German gilīh (Middle High German gelīch , German gleich ), Old Icelandic glíkr , Gothic galeiks < the Germanic base of y- prefix + the Germanic base of lich n. Compare later like adj., like n.¹, and alike adj., which have now superseded this word. Compare also anlike adj.The Germanic base. The prefixed formation apparently already existed at an early stage in Germanic, with the second element showing its underlying sense ‘form, shape’ (compare the semantically parallel formation classical Latin conformis conform adj.). The existence of an Old Icelandic form with initial g- supports this assumption, since the prefix was no longer productive in North Germanic, but survives in this reduced form in a small number of early combinations (see discussion at y- prefix). Form history. In Old English the stem-final (originally velar) consonant is phonologically subject to palatalization and assibilation at the end of the word (gelīċ ) and before inflectional endings beginning with a front vowel (e.g. dative singular gelīċe ); in other positions the velar plosive is retained (e.g. dative plural gelīcum , superlative gelīcost ). However, the assibilated consonant was probably sometimes analogically extended to such forms already in Old English. The assibilated forms continue into Middle English (usually spelt ch : see α. forms). The β. forms partly reflect unassibilated forms of the Old English paradigm, but probably also show the influence of the early Scandinavian cognates and perhaps also of the ultimately related like v.¹ For discussion of the γ. forms see ylike adv. (where the corresponding forms are earlier and commoner). The comparative and superlative forms Old English geliccra , geliccast , geliccost , early Middle English ilicchest apparently show shortening of the vowel and compensatory lengthening of the consonant (as does the genitive plural form geliccra at α. forms). Notes on noun use. In use as noun in Old English inflected as a weak masculine in sense B. 1, but as a strong neuter in sense B. 2. With Middle English use in sense B. 2 compare also like n.¹ 1 and the discussion at that entry. Obsolete. A. adj. 1. a. Having a close resemblance; similar, identical; = like adj. 1a.In some negative phrases (see, e.g. quots. c1300 and a1500 at sense A. 1a(a)), there is the implication of being unequalled rather than of a mere lack of resemblance. (a) With a noun or noun phrase as complement. In Old English with dative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective] ylikeeOE likeOE anlikeOE accordanta1325 of a (also one) mouldc1330 kindred1340 lichy1370 likelyc1384 alikea1393 ontinkela1400 evenly?c1400 similable?a1440 semble1449 of a sort1463 seemable1501 uniform1548 resembled1553 self-like1556 like-natured1566 resembling1573 kindlike1579 of the same, that, every, etc. feather1581 resemblant1581 marrow1585 similar1586 like-seeming1590 twin-like1599 connatural1601 similary1610 semblativea1616 otherlike1620 like-shaped1640 connate1641 homogeneous1641 consimilar1645 congenerous1646 resemblancing1652 congeniousa1656 congenerate1657 equaliform1660 congenial1669 similitive1678 symbolizant1685 synonymous1690 of akin1723 consimilary1736 like-sized1742 cogeneric1777 alike as a row of pins1785 congenerica1834 Siamese1833 congener1867 lak1881 sorty1885 homoeomorphic1902 homogenized1958 eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxi. 322 Þa geseah ic lichoman..on bedde gesetedne: & wæs slæpendum men gelicra þonne deadum [L. quasi dormientis simile]. OE Ælfric Homily: De Duodecim Abusivis (Corpus Cambr. 178) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 299 Se ealda mann þe bið butan eawfæstnysse bið þam treowe gelic þe leaf byrð & blostman & nænne wæstm ne byrð. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 9 Dieuel..sade: Ero similis altissimo, ‘Ic scal bien ȝelich ðan heisten.’ ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 149 Hwase eauer haueð ani vn þeau of þeo þet ich ear nempnede, oðer ham iliche, ha haueð prude sikerliche. c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) l. 502 Þer nas no kniȝt hym ilik. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2336 A semede þe diuel ileche. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 25 The firste humour..is myche y-lijk glas in color. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 149 None afore the hath be y-lyke the, ne aftyre the shall come. ?1550 L. Ridley Expos. Epist. St. Paule to Philippians ii. sig. F.iiii^v Lette the same mynde be in you that was in Christ Iesu, whiche..toke vpon him the shape of a seruante, bycam elyke another man. (b) With complement introduced by to (also unto). ΚΠ c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 575 Þu makedest mon of lame & ȝeue him liuiende ȝast ilich to þe seoluen. c1250 in Stud. Philol. (1931) 28 596 Such amon þat is riche, he is to þe nasse iliche. a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 362 Þe kyngdom of heuene ylich is to a gret net Þat is ycast in þe see and gadereþ þer-wiþ gret met Of eche manere ffisch. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. xx. 321 Ȝif hit [sc. food] were nouȝt imaad iliche to þe membres hit schulde neiþir be incorporat neiþir iturned into þe kynde þerof. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 792 Ȝe ben to þe hellehond holliche ilike. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 736 Noon to hym I-lich Of worshipp ne of wele. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 160 A geant named Cerberus, ynowh ylyke vnto pluto of condiciouns. b. Scottish. Similar or identical to something mentioned. Cf. like adj. 3. ΚΠ 1558 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1558/11/11 That the elike lettre of naturalitie be gevin and grantit..to all..the said Maist Cristin King of France subjectis..in the realme of Scotland. 1583 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) I. 180 The commissioneris... to heir James Ros comptis.., with the elyk power to thame as they had of befoir. 1605 in J. Fullarton Rec. Burgh Prestwick (1834) 86 It is statute..that the elyk..ordinance be observit & kepit in tyme cuming. 2. Of two or more things: equal or identical to one another; alike. Also in ever ylike, ay ylike: unchanging, always the same. Cf. alike adj. 1, like adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > [adverb] ever ylikeOE stillc1297 unchangeablya1340 in likea1425 unchangingly1435 immutably1601 irrevocably1608 negatively1622 inalterably1631 irreversibly1635 unalterably1643 invariably1646 intransibly1654 influxibly1677 uniformly1682 eternally1694 unvariably1766 unvaryingly1814 changelessly1825 homœostatically1959 terminally1974 the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective] > to or with ylikeOE semblablec1374 shapelyc1374 resemblablea1393 resemblanta1393 visible1412 participantc1485 semblant1485 alikea1500 conformable1526 conform1553 semnable1651 similar1657 unopposite1825 OE Beowulf (2008) 2164 Hyrde ic þæt þam frætwum feower mearas lungre, gelice, last weardode, æppelfealuwe. OE Laws of Æðelred II (Claud.) vi. lii. 258 Se maga & se unmaga ne beoð na gelice. a1250 Ureisun ure Louerde (Nero) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 203 Meiden and moder..his þet naueð nouðer ende ne biginnunge, þet is euer i-liche wið-ute sturiunge. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 355 Þinges þat beeth i-liche [c1400 Tiber. buþ ylyche] acordeþ to gidres. c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §17. 9 Than ben the daies & the nyhtes illike of lenghthe in al the world. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. l. 1907 Fortunys gifftis be nat ay iliche. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 399 Thre waxe-candels..Euery candelle y-leyche of weyȝt. c1480 (a1400) St. Bartholomew l. 98 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 183 Prayt hyme [to] cum hyme to, & to his dowchtyre þe sammyn do, þat he dyd to þe lunatyke; fore þare seknes ware elyke. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 151 Yestyrday he hadd frendys Speciall, but today he haue ham all y-lyke. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. xiv. 50 Schynand with elyk [v.r. elik] armes paregate. 1553 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1871) II. 176 Thai and all vtheris merchandis bayth haldin and cumin hame to be elik in expensis. 3. Fitting, suitable, appropriate. Cf. like adj. 8.Also with complement in dative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > [adjective] > fitting or proper methelyeOE ylikeeOE fairOE i-meteOE rightOE becomelyc1175 proper?c1225 featc1325 conablea1340 rightful1340 worthyc1350 pursuanda1375 covenable1382 dignec1385 convenablec1386 thriftyc1386 sittingc1390 comenablea1400 gainlya1400 meeta1400 wortha1400 convenientc1400 meetlya1425 suinga1425 fitc1440 tallc1440 worthyc1450 good1477 dueful?a1527 beseeminga1530 fitting1535 straighta1538 decent1539 answerable1542 becoming1565 condecent1575 becomed1599 respective1605 befittinga1612 comely1617 decorous1664 shape-like1672 beseemly1737 farrantly?1748 fitly1840 in order1850 eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) (2009) I. xxi. 479 Fo[r]ðæm ælces landes ge[cy]nd is þæt hit hi[m g]elica wyrta & gelicne wudu tydr[e] [L. dat cuique natura quod conuenit]. OE Blickling Homilies 21 He [sc. the body]..bið þonne undeaþlic..& sceal þeah beon gelic his geearnungum. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7542 Nusten heo an world-riche ræd þat heom weore ilike. B. n. 1. An equal, a peer; one's counterpart or fellow. Cf. like n.¹ 3. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > equal, counterpart, or equivalent ylikeeOE likea1200 make?c1225 fellow?a1425 proportion?a1425 countervailc1430 matcha1450 meetc1450 pareil?c1450 resemblant1484 equivalent1502 countermatch1587 second1599 parallel1600 equipollent1611 balancea1616 tantamount1637 analogy1646 analogate1652 form-fellow1659 equivalency1698 par1711 homologizer1716 peel1722 analogon1797 quits1806 correlate1821 analogue1837 representant1847 homologue1848 countertype1855 homologon1871 correlative1875 vis-à-vis1900 counterpart1903 eOE Metres of Boethius (partly from transcript of damaged MS) (2009) xx. 37 Nan þing nis þin gelica. lOE Laws: Ælfred & Guthrum's Peace (Corpus Cambr.) iii. 126 Gif ma ðone man betyhð, ðe bið læssa maga ðone se cyninges ðegn, ladige he hine mid xi his gelicena & mid anum cyninges ðægne. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 151 Iob wes..swa godmon þet ure drihten..seide þet under houene ne nan his ilike. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12665 Nes þer na king his ilike [c1300 Otho iliche]. c1300 Judas Iscariot (Harl.) l. 66 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 109 Ech þing loueþ his iliche. ?1316 Short Metrical Chron. (Royal) (2002) l. 374 Þe kyng of Merkyneriche Nes þer non ys yliche. 2. Outward appearance, semblance, guise; concrete an image, a likeness. Cf. like n.¹ 1.In Old English in partitive genitive singular as postmodifier. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] onseneeOE bleea1000 shapeOE ylikeOE laitc1175 semblanta1225 sightc1275 fare1297 showingc1300 specea1325 parelc1330 guise1340 countenance1362 semblance?a1366 apparel1377 regardc1380 apparencec1384 imagec1384 spicec1384 overseeminga1398 kenninga1400 seemingc1400 visage1422 rinda1450 semenauntc1450 'pearance1456 outwardc1475 representation1489 favour?a1500 figurea1522 assemblant1523 prospect?1533 respect1535 visure1545 perceiverance1546 outwardshine1549 view1556 species1559 utter-shape1566 look1567 physiognomy1567 face1572 paintry1573 visor1575 mienc1586 superficies?1589 behaviour1590 aspect1594 complexion1597 confrontment1604 show1604 aira1616 beseeminga1616 formality1615 resemblancea1616 blush1620 upcomea1630 presentment1637 scheme1655 sensation1662 visibility1669 plumage1707 facies1727 remark1748 extrinsica1797 exterior1801 showance1820 the cut of one's jib1823 personnel1839 personal appearance1842 what-like1853 look-see1898 outwall1933 visuality1938 prosopon1947 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation ylikenesseOE likenessOE anlikenessOE ylikeOE imagec1300 acornc1388 portraiturea1393 resemblancea1393 semblanta1400 counterfeitc1400 shapec1400 statuec1405 representation1477 presentationa1513 presentment1535 effigy1539 porture1542 express1553 effigium1564 representance1565 designment1570 icon1572 mimesisa1586 effigies1615 expressurea1616 represent1615 signature1618 proportion1678 representative1766 rendering1825 buggerlugs1839 effigiation1876 OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) i. v. 46 Ic wende, þæt þes sceolde beon mycel & fæger. Nu næfð he naht men gelices [L. de homine nihil habet]. c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) 664 Crist..þurh his ahne engel i culurene iliche fedde hire. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 108 Hwase nemei þis ȝimstan habben & halden iþe nest of hire heorte..habbe his iliche þet is þe crucifix. c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 289 In hornes ilike [c1300 Laud ylyche] þu schalt hure biswike. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 160 Ase mannes ylyche ymad of tre May nauȝt be al ase man may be..Ne godes ylyche, man, y-wys, Ne may nauȝt be al ase god ys. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † ylikev. Forms: Old English gelician, Old English gelikian (rare), early Middle English ȝelicie, early Middle English ilicie, early Middle English ylyky. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Dutch gilīkon (Middle Dutch gelīken ), Old High German gilīhhēn (Middle High German gelīchen ), Gothic galeikan < the Germanic base of y- prefix (compare y- prefix 3c) + the Germanic base of like v.¹ Obsolete. transitive. To please, to be pleasing to. Also impersonal, or with non-referential it as subject.In Old English with dative. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > please or give pleasure [verb] ylikeeOE belovec1225 savoura1300 belike1770 pleasure1937 eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) v. i. 113 Ascian þonne Italie hiera agne londleode hu him þa tida gelicoden, þa hie mon slog & hiende. OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 263 Sicut domino placuit, ita factum est swaswa hit drihtne gelicode [OE Durh. licode, c1225 Worcester ilicode], swa hit is gedon. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) vii. 52 Genim þas ylcan wyrte..& gehoh hy to ðære hyfe. Þonne beoð hy [sc. beon] wungynde & næfre ne swicað ac him gelicað [?a1200 Harl. 6258B ȝelicað]. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 109 Leue uader ylyky þe þet þe holy gost ous wille alyȝte þe herte. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † ylikeadv. Forms: α. early Old English geliice, Old English geliccost (superlative), Old English gelyce (rare), Old English gilice (Northumbrian), Old English–early Middle English gelice, early Middle English ȝelice, early Middle English ȝeliche, early Middle English ilice, Middle English ileche, Middle English ilich, Middle English iliche, Middle English ilyche, Middle English yeliche, Middle English yleche, Middle English yliche, Middle English ylych, Middle English ylyche, Middle English ylyech, Middle English ylyge (probably transmission error), late Middle English ilych (in a late copy). β. Middle English ilik, Middle English ilike, Middle English illik, Middle English illike, Middle English ilyke, Middle English ylyk, Middle English–1500s ylyke, Middle English–1600s ylike, late Middle English ylikne (transmission error). γ. chiefly northern Middle English eliche, Middle English elik, Middle English elike, Middle English elyche, Middle English elyk, Middle English–1500s elyke; Scottish pre-1700 elik, pre-1700 elike, pre-1700 elyk, pre-1700 elyke. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian gelīke , Old Dutch gilīko (Middle Dutch gelike , Dutch gelijk ), Old Saxon gilīko (Middle Low German gelīke ), Old High German gilīhho (Middle High German gelīche , gelīch , German gleich ), all in sense ‘equally’, Old Icelandic glíka , in sense ‘also’, Gothic galeiko , in sense ‘equally’ < the Germanic base of ylike adj. Compare later like adv. and alike adv.For a discussion of the α. and β. forms see ylike adj.; compare also forms at like adj., adv., conj., and prep. The γ. forms are characteristic of northern Middle English and Older Scots. The initial vowel e- of these forms shows lowering from i- in Middle English (compare forms of enough adj., pron., n., and adv.); some examples may perhaps alternatively represent a variant of alike adv. with reduction of the first syllable under low stress. Obsolete. 1. In a like manner, likewise, also; to the same extent, equally. Also: unceasingly, constantly. Cf. alike adv. 1, 2, 3a.In quot. OE² at α. with so and dative of the thing compared.ever ylike: see everylike adv. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adverb] ylikeeOE alsoOE with likec1175 swilk12.. in (also on and without preposition) like mannerc1330 in semblable case(s, in case(s semblable1390 item1398 in likec1400 semblably1420 in like wise1422 likelya1425 likewisec1443 alikewisec1450 ylikedealc1450 in like casea1459 ylikewise1460 otherwaysc1485 semblable1490 sic-like1513 like1529 seemably1535 likeways1551 agreeably1561 fellowlikea1569 alliably1593 likewisely1605 in specie1632 similarly1657 resemblingly1661 kindredly1765 evenwise1866 the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adverb] > so or in such a manner soc888 ylikeeOE asOE so‥asa1225 likea1393 like asc1475 s'a1616 the same1765 same like1898 α. eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) (2009) I. xxxiii. 540 Symle he bið gelice manþwære. OE Blickling Homilies 119 Ne wæron þas [sc. ages of the world] ealle gelice lange, ac on þyssum wæs þreo þusend wintra, on sumre læsse, on sumere eft mare. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xx. 5 Eft he uteode embe þa sixtan & nigoþan tide & dyde þam swa gelice [L. fecit similiter]. a1200 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Trin. Cambr.) 66 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 222 Africh man mid þat he haueð mai bugge heueriche Þe þe more haueð and þe þe lasse boðe iliche. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 152 Þat water of baþe is þat on þat euere is iliche hot. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1668 Til þ^t the Theban knyghtes bothe yliche Honoured, weren in to the Paleys fet. c1475 (?a1410) J. Lydgate Churl & Bird (Harl.) in Select. Minor Poems (1840) 181 Of lengthe and brede yeliche square and longe. 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. cvi^v Take Fenell Maryall and Kersis ilich moch. ?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 8 Take blac mynte and wos of the rewe, of boþe ylych moche. 1591 (?a1425) Shepherds (Huntington) in R. M. Lumiansky & D. Mill Chester Myst. Cycle (1974) I. 129 Laye forth, eych man ilych, what hee hath lafte of his liverye; And I wyll first put forth my pyche with my parte firste. β. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 74 (MED) Hyr luue is ay ilik [a1400 Fairf. I-like] new; Hir luue sco haldes lele ilike.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. l. 436 Trauailleth..for a tretour..As for a trewe tydy man al tymes ylyke.c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §39. 48 The longitude of a clymat ys a lyne ymagined fro Est to west, illike distant by-twene them alle.c1450 (c1400) Cuckoo & Nightingale (Fairf.) (1975) l. 64 The floures and the gras al ilike hie.c1450 (a1400) Libeaus Desconus (Calig. A.ii) (1969) l. 1037 Þey sawe an hynde com st[r]yke And two grehoundes y-lyke.?a1475 (a1396) W. Hilton Scale of Perfection (Harl. 6579) i. xxxiv. f. 20^v Hoo so be ai ilike wis in knowynge of God and [of] gostli þinges, hit semiþ þat he wexiþ bute a litel in þe lufe of God.1526 Treasure of Pore Men f. iiii Take Sage Fenell Ueruen Betany..Pympernell Serfoyle & Rewe of al these ylyke moche & grynde them in a morter.1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. x. sig. O.iiij The men and the women moste communely are appareilled ylike.1607 R. C. tr. H. Estienne World of Wonders xxxix. 328 The Cleargie falsly sings the Tenors straine, The Peeres ylike the Countertenor sing.1628 W. Lathum tr. J. L. Vives in Virgil Eclogues 62 A God-like life he shall receive, and see The heavenly Hero'es, the Gods among; And hee, of them ylike, shall viewed bee.γ. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 1796 Þai drinklid [a1400 Trin. Cambr. drenched] ilkan euer elike.a1425 ( H. Daniel Liber Uricrisiarum (Wellcome 225) 458 (MED) Þe 2 condicion..is..hys body, þat it..be overall elyk hal & not to brokyne.c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. l. 200 I haue ben eliche egal To oon and alle.1427 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 15/2 Wrychtis, smythis, talȝeouris, webstaris, & all vthiris elik generally.c1440 (?a1375) Abbey Holy Ghost (Thornton) in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 54 The gud lady Meknes þat aye Elyke makis hir selfe lowly.c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) i. l. 66 Þer gromes and þe goodmen beth all eliche grette.?1526 J. Fisher Serm. conc. Heretickes sig. Fiv All that multitude y^t folowed Christe, was nat elyke nygh vnto Christe, euery one of them.1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados x. viii. 34 My fader..Reputis all elike.1556 W. Lauder Compend. Tractate Dewtie of Kyngis sig. A2 To do dew Iustice, to the dede Elyke boith to the ryche, and pure.a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) (1946) ii. ii. f. 60 Foure lillyis of gold with foure goldin crossis elike distant fra vtheris. 2. In the same manner as, like. Cf. alike adv. 3b.In Old English with the conjunctions so or and. ΚΠ eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) v. vii. 122 Elpendes hyd wile drincan wætan, gelice & spynge deð. OE Blickling Homilies 17 He him gehet his æriste..gelice swa he ær þa þrowunge dyde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 25106 Þi will in erd be wroght elik [a1400 Vesp. ilike], Als it es wroght in heuen lay. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. l. 330 Whusshen and wylnen Alle manere of men mercy and for-ȝeuenesse, And louye hem yliche hym-sylf. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. May 4 How falles it then, we no merrier bene, Ylike as others, girt in gawdy greene? a1643 W. Cartwright Ordinary (1651) ii. ii. 25 If I kissen, These thick stark bristles of mine beard will pricken Ylike the skin of Hownd-fish. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.eOEv.eOEadv.eOE
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