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单词 your
释义

yourpron.adj.

Brit. /jɔː/, /jʊə/, /jə/, U.S. /jɔr/, /jʊ(ə)r/, /jər/
Forms: early Old English eouuer, Old English eawer (rare), Old English eowar (rare), Old English eowerr- (inflected form), Old English eowge (accusative plural, transmission error), Old English eowor (rare), Old English eowur (rare), Old English eowyr (rare), Old English geower (rare), Old English geowr- (inflected form, rare), Old English heower (rare), Old English hiur (Northumbrian, rare), Old English iero (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English iowar (rare), Old English iower, Old English iowera (Northumbrian, in sense A. 1a, rare), Old English iowr- (inflected form), Old English iowwer (Northumbrian, rare), Old English iowwum (Northumbrian, dative plural, transmission error), Old English iuer (Northumbrian), Old English iuerr- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English iuerra (Northumbrian, in sense A. 1a), Old English iuerro (Northumbrian, in sense A. 1a, rare), Old English iur (chiefly Northumbrian), Old English iure (in sense A. 1a, rare), Old English iurr- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English iurre (Northumbrian, in sense A. 1a, rare), Old English iwer (Northumbrian), Old English iwr- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English (rare)–early Middle English eor- (inflected form), Old English–early Middle English eower, Old English–early Middle English eowr- (inflected form), Old English–early Middle English eowwer, Old English (rare)–early Middle English euwer, Old English (Northumbrian, in sense A. 1a, rare)–Middle English iowre, late Old English eour- (inflected form), late Old English–early Middle English owr- (inflected form), early Middle English æour- (inflected form), early Middle English æur- (inflected form), early Middle English eoþer, early Middle English eouer, early Middle English eour, early Middle English eouwer, early Middle English eovwer, early Middle English eowre (in sense A. 1a), early Middle English eur, early Middle English evwer, early Middle English ȝeuer (south-east midlands), early Middle English ȝeure, early Middle English ȝeuwer (south-east midlands), early Middle English ȝewer (south-east midlands), early Middle English giuer (East Anglian), early Middle English ȝiur (south-eastern), early Middle English giuur (northern), early Middle English giuwer (East Anglian), early Middle English giwer (East Anglian), early Middle English ȝiwer (East Anglian), early Middle English ȝuer (south-east midlands), early Middle English gur, early Middle English gure (in sense A. 1a), early Middle English heur, early Middle English hor, early Middle English ihur (East Anglian), early Middle English oþer (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English ovuer, early Middle English owr, early Middle English owwer, early Middle English þeure (plural, perhaps transmission error), early Middle English wour, Middle English ȝaure (north-west midlands), Middle English ȝeur, Middle English ȝhor, Middle English ȝhore, Middle English ȝhour, Middle English ȝhoure, Middle English ȝiore (east midlands), Middle English giuor (northern), Middle English giur (East Anglian and northern), Middle English ȝor, Middle English ȝore, Middle English ȝouer, Middle English ȝouere, Middle English ȝour, Middle English ȝoure, Middle English ȝouur, Middle English ȝovre, Middle English ȝower, Middle English ȝowere, Middle English ȝowre, Middle English ȝowur, Middle English ȝowyr, Middle English ȝowyre, Middle English ȝur, Middle English ȝure, Middle English hour, Middle English ihoire, Middle English ihore, Middle English or, Middle English our, Middle English oure, Middle English ouwer, Middle English over, Middle English ower, Middle English owur, Middle English yaure (north-west midlands), Middle English yhour (chiefly northern and north-east midlands), Middle English yhoure (chiefly northern and north-east midlands), Middle English yhourr (north-east midlands), Middle English yhowre (northern), Middle English yhur (northern), Middle English yhure, Middle English yourr, Middle English youur, Middle English yovr, Middle English yower, Middle English yowr', Middle English yowur, Middle English yowyr, Middle English yuore, Middle English yur, Middle English yure, Middle English zoure (northern), Middle English (1900s– Welsh English) youer, Middle English–1500s ȝowr, Middle English–1600s yor, Middle English–1600s yowr, Middle English–1600s yowre, Middle English–1700s youre, Middle English– your, late Middle English þour (East Anglian and north-east midlands), late Middle English þoure (East Anglian), late Middle English yeur (chiefly south-east midlands); English regional 1800s yah (Suffolk), 1800s yawer (Yorkshire), 1800s ye're (Lancashire), 1800s– eower (Shropshire), 1800s– yahr (Yorkshire), 1800s– yair (Cheshire), 1800s– yar, 1800s– yawwar (Cumberland), 1800s– yooar (Cumberland), 1800s– yor (chiefly northern), 1800s– yo'r (Derbyshire), 1800s– yore (chiefly northern and north midlands), 1800s– yower (northern), 1800s– yowr (Derbyshire), 1800s– yur (Lancashire and Worcestershire), 1900s– yoar (Lancashire); Scottish pre-1700 ȝhour, pre-1700 ȝhoure, pre-1700 ȝhur, pre-1700 ȝhure, pre-1700 ȝiour, pre-1700 ȝor, pre-1700 ȝore, pre-1700 ȝour, pre-1700 ȝoure, pre-1700 ȝowr, pre-1700 ȝowre, pre-1700 ȝr, pre-1700 ȝur, pre-1700 ȝure, pre-1700 ȝwr, pre-1700 yhoue (transmission error), pre-1700 yhour, pre-1700 yhoure, pre-1700 yhowr, pre-1700 yhowre, pre-1700 yhur, pre-1700 yhure, pre-1700 yiour, pre-1700 youre, pre-1700 yovr, pre-1700 yower, pre-1700 yowor, pre-1700 yowr, pre-1700 yowre, pre-1700 1700s– your, pre-1700 1800s yor, 1700s–1800s yeer, 1800s 'r, 1800s– yeir, 1800s– yere, 1800s– yir, 1900s– eer, 1900s– 'eer, 1900s– yur; also Irish English 1800s– yeer, 1900s– yir. See also ya adj., yer adj., and yo adj.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: As pronoun, cognate with Old Frisian iuwer , Old Saxon iuwar , iuwer (Middle Low German iuwer ), Old High German iuwēr (Middle High German iuwer , German euer ), Old Icelandic yðvar , yðar (Icelandic (honorific) yðar ), Gothic izwara , genitive plural form of the Germanic second person plural oblique personal pronoun (see you pron.). As possessive adjective, cognate with Old Frisian iūwe , Old Dutch iuwa (Middle Dutch uwe , Dutch uw ), Old Saxon iuwa , jūwa (Middle Low German iuwe ), Old High German iuwerēr (Middle High German iuwer , German euer ), Old Icelandic yðvarr , yðarr (Icelandic (honorific) yðar ), Faroese (honorific) tygara (for *tyðara ), Norn (Shetland) dora , dor , Norwegian regional dår , dor , dør , Norwegian (Bokmål) deres (compare yours pron. and adj.), Old Swedish iþar (Swedish er , (formal) eder ), Old Danish ithar (Danish (archaic) eder , eders , now usually jeres (compare yours pron. and adj.)), Gothic izwar < a Germanic possessive adjective with the same base as the pronoun forms above. (The usual forms of the genitive case of the 2nd person plural pronoun and the corresponding possessive adjective and possessive pronoun in modern Icelandic, Faroese, and Norwegian (Nynorsk) are supplied by originally dual forms (see inker pron., inker adj.).) For the full paradigm of the 2nd person pronoun in Old English see thou pron. and n.1 On the history of use with singular reference (compare B. 1a(b)) see discussion at you pron., adj., and n.Form history. In Old English used (invariably) as the genitive plural of the 2nd person pronoun, and (with adjectival inflections) as the corresponding possessive pronoun. In modern standard English only the possessive pronoun used as an adjective, the absolute form being yours pron. Old English ēower , adjective, was declined as an ordinary adjective like fæger fair adj., e.g. masculine accusative singular ēowerne , masculine and neuter genitive singular ēowres , common genitive plural ēowerra (also ēowera , ēowra ), etc. In Old English and early Middle English the predicative and absolute use (see sense A. 2) had (as in ordinary adjectives) the same form as the attributive. Although the differentiated pronoun form yours pron. had arisen in the north before 1300, and was in general use by 1500, the undifferentiated form your was still used by some southern writers down to the 17th cent.; it is now only regional. For a discussion of Old English (Northumbrian) forms such as īur , īwr- , the development (in Old English) of a palatal on-glide /j/, and the later history of the stem vowel see discussion at you pron., adj., and n. As with other pronoun forms, both stressed and unstressed forms are found in speech. For frequent graphic representations of unstressed forms see yer adj., ya adj. Selection of stressed or unstressed forms is often influenced by sociolinguistic factors, although the evaluation of the respective forms varies. J. Walker Pronouncing Dict. (1791) comments: ‘When the emphasis is upon this word, it is always pronounced full and open like the noun Ewer; as, “The moment I had read Your letter I sat down to write Mine”; but when it is not emphatical it generally sinks into yur, exactly like the last syllable of Law-yer; as, “I had just answered yur first letter as yur last arrived.” Here if we were to say, “I had just answered your first letter as your last arrived,” with your sounded full and open like Ewer, as in the former sentence, every delicate ear would be offended.’ N.E.D. (1921) comments on this: ‘Since this was written, there has been a reaction in favour of less obscuration of the vowel.’ From the mid-20th cent. onwards, the strong forms /jɔː/ and /jʊə/have commonly been used even in weakly stressed positions in careful speech.
†A. pron.
1.
a. The genitive case of the second person plural pronoun ye (ye pron.): of you. In Old English chiefly and Middle English only as complement of another pronoun (or a numeral), e.g. either, none, one, etc., or with the genitive plural of all (see alther adj.). Obsolete.
Π
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. vi. 27 Quis autem uestrum cogitans potest adicere ad staturam suam cubitum unum : huælc uutetlice iurre [OE Rushw. eower] geðences mæge æt uel toece to licnesse uel to lengo his elne an uel enne.
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxxvi. 495 Gif hi min ehton, þonne ehtað hi eac eower.
OE Beowulf (2008) 248 Næfre ic maran geseah eorla ofer eorþan ðonne is eower sum, secg on searwum.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) ix. 35 Gif eower hwylc wyle beon fyrmest, beo se eaðmodust & eower ealra þen.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 18338 Forr þi ræde icc ȝuw..Þatt ȝure nan ne dwelle nohht.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 15 Gif þu dest þin uuel on-ȝein his uuel, Swa muchel þa wredða bid þe mare bi-twenen eow and eour eyþer suneȝað.
c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 815 Ȝef vre on ouercomeþ ȝour þreo.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3471 Ilc gure.
c1330 (?c1300) Amis & Amiloun (Auch.) (1937) 852 Y seiȝe it me self..Ȝour noiþer it may forsake.
a1350 (?c1225) King Horn (Harl.) (1901) l. 821 Ȝef oure þre sleh ure on.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 4146 Bote it be amended,..ȝour summe it schal abye.
c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) cxiii (MED) I will that Gude Hope servand to the be, Your alleris frend.
b. your alone, your lane, your unwitting: see alone adj. 1a(c), lone adj. 6b, unwitting adj. 3. Obsolete.
2. That which belongs to you; yours. Used predicatively or equivalent to the adjective with a noun supplied from the context. Also of your: = of yours at yours pron. 3b. Obsolete. [Originally the predicative and absolute uses of the possessive adjective.]
Π
OE Guthlac A 261 Her sceal min wesan eorðlic eþel, nales eower leng.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) vi. 20 Eadige synd ge þearfan on gaste forþam þe Godes rice is eower [L. quia vestrum est regnum Dei].
a1300 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Jesus Oxf.) (1955) 93 Lvsteþ ye me, leode; ower is þe neode, And ich eu wille lere wit and wisdom.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 8174 (MED) Ne se ȝe þat ȝare hors beþ suiftore þan ȝoure be?
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale (Ellesmere) (1875) l. 1248 I wol be youre in al that euere I may.
a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 2128 Y kepe nouȝt bote honour Al þe byȝate schal beo ȝour.
c1425 (?a1400) Arthur (Longleat 55) l. 286 Hys worthynesse, sur Emperour, Passeþ Muche alle ȝowre.
a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5096 (MED) The first stede that I wynne..It shalbe your.
?1544 J. Heywood Foure PP sig. D.iiv Helpe me to speke with my lorde and your.
1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie lxxiv I had woordes of thanke from the mouth of your.
c1560 (a1500) Squyr Lowe Degre (Copland) l. 546 For ye are myne, and I am your.
a1640 J. Fletcher et al. Faire Maide of Inne ii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Eeeeeee3/2 This affront of your.
B. adj. The possessive adjective corresponding to ye, you.
1.
a. Belonging or relating to the person or people being addressed; which you have, hold, or possess.This includes three uses: the possessive proper, as your book, your hands, your friends; the subjective, as your attention, your promise; and the objective with an agent noun, or in any way involving the possessive idea, as your persecutors, your benefit, your education (for other objective uses see sense B. 2a). Cf. note at his adj. 1.
(a) With plural reference. Cf. you pron. I.
Π
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) lix. 451 Lociað nu ðæt ðios eowru leaf ne weorðe oðrum monnum to biswice.
OE Beowulf (2008) 2889 Londrihtes mot þære mægburge monna æghwylc idel hweorfan, syððan æðelingas feorran gefricgean fleam eowerne.
OE Homily: Sunnandæges Spell (Corpus Cambr. 419) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 212 Ic eow sylle manigfealde wæstmas minra bletsunga on eowrum husum to nytte oð ende eowres lifes.
OE Prudentius Glosses (Boulogne 189) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Prudentius Glosses (1959) 53 Uestris orgiis : sacrificiis, geowrum cyrcþenungum.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) v. 44 Gebiddað for eowre ehteras & tælendum eow [L. orate pro persequentibus et calumniantibus vos].
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Ic bidde þe broðer Æðelred & mine swustre Cyneburh & Cynesuuith..þet ge beon witnesse & þet geo hit write mid iure fingre.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 20 We wullæð eow sæcgæn sum andȝit þerto of þare trahtnunge bi eowræs andȝites mæðe.
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 7 I bidde and warni, for ðe luue of gode and for ȝuer lieue saule, þat ȝie hatien..senne.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 29 For godes luue beteð ower sunnen.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 13 Ȝe beoð iscald [read iseald] eower feonde to prisune.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 1699 Ich ow alle wolde rede..Þat ower [a1300 Jesus Oxf. eur] fihtlac leteþ beo.
a1300 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Jesus Oxf.) (1955) 75 He ou wolde wyssye..hw ye myhte worldes wrþsipes welde and ek eure saule somnen to Criste.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 171 Mi douther..shal be Yure leuedi after me.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 10285 Inot nout, quaþ þe king, wat ower demande be. Commune riȝt, quaþ pandulf, we esseþ & nammore.
c1390 Vision St. Paul (Vernon) in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 259 Ȝe weore lyȝers al ȝor lyf.
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 976 Blessed mote ȝe alle be For ȝoure preyers haþ saued me.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4844 (MED) Tells me Quat-kin man yur fader be.
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 702 Allas thow felle Mars, allas Iuno Thus hath youre Ire oure lynage al fordo.
c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 6 Ȝour tables matrimonial þat wer mad be-twix ȝou and ȝour husbandis at ȝour weddyng.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 192 Your angel mouthis most mellifluate Oure rude langage has clere illumynate.
1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 109 The new found glasse Cheynes, that you were about your neckes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. iv. 26 In dumbe significants proclayme your thoughts. View more context for this quotation
1616 W. Mure Misc. Poems xi. 1 Gaise, eyes, on nocht quhich can content ȝor sight.
1678 J. Dryden All for Love iv. 63 Set all the Earth, And all the Seas, betwixt your sunder'd Loves.
?1706 E. Hickeringill Priest-craft: 2nd Pt. viii. 77 Go on, I'll be no Spoil-Trade, go Cheat and be Cheated, to the end of your Lives.
1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 185 Let him your rubric and your feasts prescribe.
1809 M. Holford Wallace iv. lx. 164 Ye who fight your country's fight, Whose nerves her mountain breezes brace.
1869 T. W. Robertson School i. 8 Young ladies, if you have sufficiently reposed yourselves from your walk across the meadow, you can resume your self-imposed labours.
1908 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Green Gables xxvi. 294 You'll get a pack of nonsense into your heads and waste time that should be put on your lessons.
1964 J. Burke Hard Day's Night i. 20 ‘If you're going to have a barney,’ said John, ‘I'll hold your coats.’
2001 A. Zameenzad in M. Shamsie Leaving Home 296 Look what you have gone and done, now. Both of you. Woken your baby sister up.
(b) With singular reference, replacing thy adj., originally as a mark of respect, deference, or formality (cf. you pron. II.).
Π
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2260 Louerd..Gur siluer is gu brogt a-gon.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 10310 Ȝe mowe þretni ynou, Ower dede ne may be no wors þan ower word is.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 1087 (MED) Mi fader..axeth..As ye be youre bokes knowe.
a1400 (?a1325) Medit. on Supper of our Lord (Harl.) (1875) 469 To þe fadyr of heuene she [sc. Our Lady] made þys mone:..He [sc. Christ] ys so buxum to do ȝoure wyl, Þat he nat chargeþ hym self to spyl.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. i. l. 43 ‘Madame, mercy,’ quod I ‘me liketh wel ȝowre wordes.’
a1425 Rule St. Benet (Lansd.) (1902) 23 (MED) Lauerd, for yure pite ye gete vs fra sinne.
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aii*v Lord wendis on your way.
1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. E3 No doubt your mother was made of a Weathercocke, that brought foorth such a wauering companion.
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII v. i. 168 Sir, your Queen Desires your Visitation. View more context for this quotation
1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love iv. 70 Take back your oathes and protestations..take 'em..for the use of your next Mistress.
1726 J. Gay in Swift's Lett. (1766) II. 68 I gave your service to lady Harvey.
1786 R. Burns Poems 180 May Prudence, Fortitude and Truth Erect your brow undaunting!
1801 M. Edgeworth Prussian Vase in Moral Tales III. 46 Take your time to speak. We are in no hurry.
1884 ‘E. Lyall’ We Two I. i. 24 You must be content with your own people.
1920 S. Lewis Main St. xxiv. 303 Doctor, what's been your experience with unilateral pyelonephritis?
1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) iii. 74 I will give you one whole sixpence for yourself..if only you will tell me your name.
1993 C. MacDougall Lights Below 137 ‘Your house is lovely,’ Margaret told Granny.
b. Modifying a noun denoting someone or something with which the person or people addressed has a less immediate or definite relation, as an objective, field of study, or qualification. Also designating someone or something which the person or people addressed might be expected to possess or have dealings with. Cf. his adj. 1a(b), my adj. 1b, our adj. 4a.
Π
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 17 Alle cunne ower crede..þeih ȝe alle nuten hwat hit biqueðe.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2217 Tel me furst by þy lay wat doþ ȝour men of fraunce; Of hure disport & ek hure play.
1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Kiij To knaw the quantitie of ȝour lang or short fete in they lynes.
1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. v. 169 There are more things in heauen and earth Horatio, Then are Dream't of, in your philosophie.
1683 J. Dryden & N. Lee Duke of Guise ii. ii. 16 Your Air, your Meen..Will Kill at least your thousand in a day.
1734 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 99/1 Just wit to furnish the politer Joke; A spirit, just enough not to provoke:..These be your aim.
1773 H. Chapone Lett. Improvem. Mind II. 183 The most ancient of all histories, you will read in your Bible.
1807 ‘P. Plymley’ Two Lett. on Catholics i. 17 You (if you had lived in those times) would certainly have roasted your Catholic.
1865 J. Ruskin Sesame & Lilies i. 48 Take up your Latin and Greek dictionaries, and find out the meaning of ‘Spirit’.
1916 G. M. Whipple How to study Effectively 24 At thirty you will have forgotten your Latin grammar.
1975 Black Enterprise June 147/1 I called him up and said if you still want me, you've got your man.
1989 M. L. Sullivan Getting Paid 48 How are you on your times tables?
c. Modifying a verbal noun, gerund, or gerundial clause, forming an embedded phrase corresponding to a clause consisting of you and a main verb.
Π
a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 67 (MED) Gode men..ower hating forȝefe ȝe þin sunful efenling.
c1300 Assumption of Virgin (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1901) l. 207 Ower wepinge ne helpeþ noȝt.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5103 (MED) All your bidding Agh be til vs als comanding.
c1425 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Harl.) 113 Ac for ȝoure coming ich am glad.
c1475 Mankind (1969) l. 20 Ȝe may be acceptable to Gode at yowr goyng hence.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 113 In your looking vpon him therefore you must first consider his hoofes that they bee..hard and sound.
1634 M. Wilson Mercy & Truth i. ii. 58 Your Maiesties graue and learned Censure, in your thinking the Geneua translation to be worst of all.
1719 J. Peirce Let. to Subscribing Minister 55 Your wishing me a meek, humble and charitable Spirit, is, I hope, meant charitably, and without reflection.
1772 D. Garrick Irish Widow ii. 28 Remember that your own and the Widow's future happiness depends upon your both going through this business with spirit.
1849 W. H. Jeremie Furlough Reminisc. 228 I wish to know the meaning of your saying that you would knock me down and kick me.
1885 Temple Bar Oct. 163 Your leaving is an ill stroke of luck for me, Geff.
1977 L. Lowry Summer to Die (1990) vi. 88 ‘When is the baby due?.. Do you mind my asking?’.. Ben..rolled his eyes.‘Does she mind your asking?.. That's all she talks about!’
2011 V. Grand Honor's Shadow xx. 192 It was all very vague wasn't it? Who knows when you and Thomas stopped your sneaking around and cheating?
d. Used to designate a person or thing known or familiar to the person or people being addressed, or which is typical of its kind. Sometimes with derogatory implication. Cf. your actual —— at actual adj. 2b(b).
Π
1550 J. Coke Deb. Heraldes Eng. & Fraunce sig. Iviv In Fraunce..the most parte of your speritual men..be symple persons, hedge priestes not lerned.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) i. f. 4v Euen the wisest of your great beaters, do as oft punishe nature, as they do correcte faultes.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. i. 30 There is not a more fearefull wilde foule then your Lyon liuing. View more context for this quotation
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 167 Your water is a sore decayer of your whorson dead body. View more context for this quotation
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. iv. sig. I4 Your Spanish Pauin [is] the best Daunce. View more context for this quotation
1653 H. More Antidote against Atheisme ii. ix. §3 That grave Awfulness, as in your best breed of Mastiffs.
1706 N. Rowe Ulysses Epil. 18 Your Sal, and Harts-horn Drops, they deal not in.
1759 R. Brown Compl. Farmer 19 A good hardy sort [of cows] are your Angleseys and Welsh.
1791 ‘G. Gambado’ Ann. Horsemanship xv. 59 Your Gentleman now-a-days, must have to his bridle, two head stalls, and two reins.
1851 E. Fitzgerald Euphranor 76 They valse very well, which is enough for me,—I hate your accomplished women.
1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 92 I hate Your meek and milky girls that dare not kiss A burning passion, clinging to your lips.
1922 Canad. Mag. Oct. 474/2 Your Scot is essentially an intellectualist.
1978 Billboard 30 Sept. 48/4 Take your big stores for an example.
2010 J. Stump tr. P. Siniac Collaborators 66 Your Frenchman isn't so prissy, everything cracks him up.
2.
a. As objective genitive, esp. modifying a noun of action: of you. Now somewhat rare. in your despite (archaic): in spite of you (see despite n. 5f).Cf. note at sense B. 1a.
ΚΠ
OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) ix. 2 Beo eower ege & oga [L. terror vester ac tremor] ofer ealle nytenu & fugelas.
a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 67 Ower hating forȝefe ȝe; þin sunful efenling luue him for godes þing.
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 4 Quhidder sal we begin ȝour commendation and louing at ȝour haly lyfes, or at ȝoure helthful doctrine, we ar doutsum.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. vi. 135 Should he make me Liue like Diana's Priest, betwixt cold sheets, Whiles he is vaulting variable Rampes In your despight.
1659 T. Fuller Let. C. Burges in Appeal Injured Innocence iii Abler Men are undertaking your Confutation.
1661 O. Feltham Lusoria 79 While I stay, you cannot want an Agent that will glory in your imployment.
1690 J. Dryden Don Sebastian v. 124 I can hold my breath in your despight.
1751 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 3 Jan. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1650 I have not yet heard from Lady Hervey upon your subject.
1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. xvii. 258 [He] would feel sincere joy at your sight.
1822 E. Nathan Langreath III. 253 I hope our union will be the means of renewing your intimacy.
1885 Punch 17 Oct. 189/1 She knows you now, and shudders at your sight.
1918 E. H. W. Meyerstein in Oxf. Poetry 1917 43 We..think we can Make you, in your despite, a man.
1978 Ebony Jr. May 44 Lightning streaking through the sky..a streak of light That frightens people at your sight.
2005 M. Gruber Witch's Boy 140 I have not the time to do it in your despite.
b. Qualifying a comparative adjective or noun: than you. Chiefly with regard to age or status, as your better, your elder, etc.In quot. OE Old English yldra, lit. ‘elder’, is used (probably without full comparative force) in the sense ‘ancestor, forebear’.
Π
OE Let. to Brother Eadweard (Hatton 115) in Old Eng. Newslet. (2007) 40 42 Ge..mid ðam geswuteliað þæt ge forseoð eower cynn and eowre yldran mid þam unþeawum.]
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 94 One..whiche..was your better and wyser.
1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 16 Vnto your sapience I wyll remember a notabilyte Of your elders rule and regymence.
1564 Briefe Exam. ******ij You shal not neede to terme your betters..to be enemies or shrinkers.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. iv. 66 Cor. Who cals? Clo. Your betters Sir. View more context for this quotation
1641 R. Brathwait Turtles Triumph 20 in Eng. Gentleman (ed. 3) Scorne to be Intruders in anothers right; or, in the confidence of your power, to crush your inferiour.
a1763 W. Shenstone Wks. Verse & Prose (1764) II. 152 Be cautious not to consider a person as your superior, merely because he is your superior in point of assurance.
1796 Sporting Mag. Sept. 305/1 You may scold sister Margery, an you will—she's your younger by a twelvemonth.
1820 Niles' Weekly Reg. 8 Apr. 106/1 All the officers of our grade, your superiors as well as inferiors, with the exception of one, who is your junior, concur in the opinion, that you ought not to be employed again.
1873 Sunday Mag. 1872–3 341/2 I pass to your brother—two years your younger and ten years your better.
1919 ‘R. Dehan’ Sailor's Home 140 I am your elder by a year or so.
1999 T. Goodkind Soul of Fire 60 I am acquainted with Sisters hundreds of years your senior.
3. Used in certain honorific forms of address, as your Excellency, your Grace, your Highness, your Honour, your lordship, Your Majesty, etc., which act as a formal substitute for you: see the nouns. Also used humorously or in mock titles, as your hellhood, your minxship, your professorship, etc.: see the nouns.
ΚΠ
1400 in J. Slater Early Scots Texts (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb.) (1952) No. 44 Fore swilk honest seruice as I may do..to yhour noble lordship [sc. King Henry IV of England] and to yhour lande.
1423–4 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1423 §36. m. 26 Please it your full wyse discretions, to consider the matier.
1433 in C. F. D. Sperling Hist. Sudbury (1896) 125 (MED) To youre ryght Reverent lordshepe and faderhod in God.
c1450 (c1370) G. Chaucer Complaint unto Pity (Fairf. 16) (1871) l. 59 Sheweth vn-to youre rialle excellence Youre servaunt, yf I durst me so calle Hys mortal harme.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) vi. 136 Thys worde I have sayd afore your lordeshyppes.
?a1525 (?a1475) Play Sacrament 890 An ye be materyall to owr degre, we put vs in yowr moderat ordynaunce, Yff yt lyke yowr hyghnes to here owr grevaunce.
a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. I2 In Royallising Henries Albion, With presence of your princelie mightines.
1602 B. Jonson Poetaster iii. i. sig. Ev Sir, your Silkenesse Clearely mistakes Mecœnas, and his house. View more context for this quotation
1656 J. Harrington Oceana (1658) 198 These are to certifie unto your Fatherhoods, that the said Votes of the People were as followeth.
1709 D. Manley Secret Mem. 19 Your Mightiness has indeed guess'd at my Thoughts.
1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 226 So please your nobleness, I intend to leave London.
1814 Gonzanga ii. ii, in J. Galt New Brit. Theatre III. 119 My son wasn't grand enough for your Royal Highness-ship!
1851 Househ. Words 3 64/1 Never was there one of the cloth who addressed a fare otherwise than as ‘Your Grace’.
1876 J. B. L. Warren Soldier of Fortune iv. i. 288 Count. These things are surely ominous. Courtier. Your excellency is ever penetrant.
1904 J. Conrad Nostromo ii. v. 165 Neither does the other of your reverence's confidants.
1933 I. Gershwin Who's the Greatest? in Compl. Lyrics (1993) 213/3 How do you like my new sword? Wonderful, Your Dictatorship!
1982 P. Carter Children of Bk. iv. 40 ‘How much?’ The Jew spread his hands, ‘Twelve zloty, your Ladyship.’
2003 P. Cheek Sexual Antipodes ii. 57 I have only a little fire to present to Your Highness, a lively explosion and a good deal of smoke.
4. Used to qualify a noun or noun phrase referring to oneself, esp. at the end of a letter. Cf. your servant at servant n. Phrases 2a, yours pron. 4.
Π
1418 H. Chichele in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. 5 Wryten at Lamhyth xvj day of Febr. ȝour preest and bedeman H. C.
1477 J. Pympe in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 418 By yowr John Pympe.
c1514 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. 119 Yowr on whyl I lefe Mary.
c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) ix. 13 This woundit hairt, sweit hairt, ressaif, Quhilk is..Ȝour faytfull hairt wt trew intent.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. ii. 46 So he wishes you all happinesse, that remaines loyall to his Vow, and your encreasing in Loue. Leonatus-Posthumus. View more context for this quotation
1647 King Charles I in Antiquary (1880) 1 97/1 Yor loving Father Charles R.
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 352 Some counts it as pleasant to converse with Historians,..though now rotten, as with the finest perfumed Your-humble-Servant-Madam alive.
1720 A. Ramsay Patie & Roger 3 Yet may I please ye while I'm your Devouted Allan.
1746 P. Francis tr. Horace in P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace Epistles i. vii. 3 Yet August roll'd away, And left your Loiterer here.
1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 40 I have seen very assuming letters, signed, Your most obedient, humble servant. View more context for this quotation
1837 T. Hood Let. 25 Oct. in Memorials (1860) I. 217 Your old Unitarian in love, T. H.
1848 C. Kingsley Let. in Life (1879) I. 146 Your own Daddy, Charles Kingsley.
1901 M. Franklin My Brilliant Career xiv. 118 With stacks of love to all at home, and a whole dray-load for yourself, from your loving sister, Sybylla.
1962 ‘A. Burgess’ Clockwork Orange ii. i. 77 Then there was the starry very grim magistrate in the lower court govoreeting some very hard slovos against your Friend and Humble Narrator.
2002 R. Mistry Family Matters (2003) vii. 140 ‘My dear Pitaji and Mataji’ and the leave-taking: ‘Your obedient son’, he filled five pages.
5. Belonging to or associated with any hearer or reader; one's. Cf. you pron. 8.
Π
1593 G. Markham Disc. Horsmanshippe ii. sig. F But if he be..gentle mouthed, then shall the cheeke of your Bytte be made but vppon one degree.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) ii. i. 211 In these times you stand on distance: your Passes, Stoccado's, and I know not what. View more context for this quotation
1688 T. Shadwell Squire of Alsatia ii. i. 31 Here's a Nabb: you never saw such a one in your life.
1708 in W. Mure Select. Family Papers Caldwell (1854) I. 213 Here there is no living without them [sc. curtains], one whole side of your house being glass.
1709 D. Manley Secret Mem. 115 They may be well term'd discharging ones Duty with a good Grace, wearing your Fetters with no Inclination to Freedom.
1815 T. F. Salter Angler's Guide (ed. 2) xxxviii. 208 The lighter your fly and line descends on the water the greater the chance of a bite.
1871 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 202 Thoreau, He wishes..to trump your suit and to ruff when you least expect it.
1946 K. Tennant Lost Haven (1947) vii. 97 There were big black moths in the wardrobe; not to mention a beastly big mountain breathing down the back of your neck.
1981 N.Y. Mag. 16 Nov. 177/3 As you walk through the living room, you almost have to catch your breath at the view of the lake and distant mountains.
1992 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator 30 June c1/4 Letting the rope feed through your hands is the essence of rap-jumping.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

> as lemmas

your (their, etc.)
2. An issue or problem. Now chiefly in phrase your (their, etc.) shauri : your (their, etc.) affair or concern.
ΚΠ
1921 Times of India 7 Jan. 14/4 All shauries, large and small, must be dealt with, and often require much patience.
1938 E. Hemingway Fifth Column (1939) 121 The gun-bearers..go with us. It's their shauri. You see, they signed on for it.
1970 Kenya Farmer Feb. 8/5 Often he can solve a problem by calling a meeting of the staff and obtaining their views and suggestions, not only on their personal shauris, but also on improvements in sales and service.
2019 @olmagogo 17 Nov. in twitter.com (accessed 18 Nov. 2019) If you vote a Governor who ‘eats’ all your development, don't blame other Kenyans or Central Government, it's your ‘shauri’!
extracted from shaurin.
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pron.adj.eOE
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