† youngermann.

Forms: early Middle English yongerman (plural yongermen) (in a late copy).

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: younger adj., man n.¹

Etymology: Apparently < younger adj. (compare sense 2 at that entry) + man n.¹, perhaps after Old English lǣssa þegn ( < less adj. + thegn n.) or after ealdorman n. (with reanalysis of the first element as a form of elder adj.; compare ealdorman n. 2). Compare earlier younger n. 4, young man n. 2a and later yeoman n., young man n. 3.In quot. ?c1300 the word is alleged to be a Danish term (equivalent to Latin mediocris homo and Old English lǣssa þegn ) in use during the reign of Cnut (1016–35), to whom the treatise is falsely attributed. However, neither the Latin Instituta Cnuti (the putative source of the text) nor the Old English Laws of Cnut have any matching term; compare: lOE Laws: Instituta Cnuti (Rochester) ii. lxxi. §2. 359 Mediocris hominis, quod [perh. read quem] Angli dicunt læsseþegen [OE Laws of Cnut: Nero medemra þegna], illius hergeat est [etc.].It is perhaps noteworthy that ealdermen (in the same quot.) is likewise alleged to be a Danish term, equivalent to Latin liberales (homines) , i.e. thegns. The appointment of foresters as described in quot. ?c1300 does not reflect Anglo-Saxon (or Danish) practice; the extent to which it may reflect contemporary English practice of the second half of the 12th cent. is uncertain and disputed. Middle Low German jungerman newly elected judge or counsellor, newly admitted member of a guild, is probably formed differently, with -er being the strong nominative singular ending of the adjective.

Obsolete. rare.

A man equivalent in rank to a lesser thegn; a man intermediate in rank between a (king's) thegn and a villein.For a discussion of the uncertain currency of this term see etymological note.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [noun] > villein

laeta1000

cotsetlac1000

bondmanc1250

bondc1275

grassman1282

husbanda1300

youngerman?c1300

boundec1320

villeina1325

tike1377

carla1400

cotset1809

cottar1809

?c1300 (?c1185) Pseudo-Cnut De Foresta ii, in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 620 Sintque sub quolibet horum [i.e. under each chief forester] quatuor ex mediocribus hominibus, quos Angli læssþegenes nuncupant, Dani uero yongermen [so Cambr. c1570; c1575 Stowe yongerman, 1577 Harrison yoongmen] uocant... Mediocresque tales post ferarum curam susceptam pro liberalibus semper habeantur, quos Dani ealdermen appellant.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	youngerman
释义	† youngermann. Forms: early Middle English yongerman (plural yongermen) (in a late copy). Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: younger adj., man n.¹ Etymology: Apparently < younger adj. (compare sense 2 at that entry) + man n.¹, perhaps after Old English lǣssa þegn ( < less adj. + thegn n.) or after ealdorman n. (with reanalysis of the first element as a form of elder adj.; compare ealdorman n. 2). Compare earlier younger n. 4, young man n. 2a and later yeoman n., young man n. 3.In quot. ?c1300 the word is alleged to be a Danish term (equivalent to Latin mediocris homo and Old English lǣssa þegn ) in use during the reign of Cnut (1016–35), to whom the treatise is falsely attributed. However, neither the Latin Instituta Cnuti (the putative source of the text) nor the Old English Laws of Cnut have any matching term; compare: lOE Laws: Instituta Cnuti (Rochester) ii. lxxi. §2. 359 Mediocris hominis, quod [perh. read quem] Angli dicunt læsseþegen [OE Laws of Cnut: Nero medemra þegna], illius hergeat est [etc.].It is perhaps noteworthy that ealdermen (in the same quot.) is likewise alleged to be a Danish term, equivalent to Latin liberales (homines) , i.e. thegns. The appointment of foresters as described in quot. ?c1300 does not reflect Anglo-Saxon (or Danish) practice; the extent to which it may reflect contemporary English practice of the second half of the 12th cent. is uncertain and disputed. Middle Low German jungerman newly elected judge or counsellor, newly admitted member of a guild, is probably formed differently, with -er being the strong nominative singular ending of the adjective. Obsolete. rare. A man equivalent in rank to a lesser thegn; a man intermediate in rank between a (king's) thegn and a villein.For a discussion of the uncertain currency of this term see etymological note. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [noun] > villein laeta1000 cotsetlac1000 bondmanc1250 bondc1275 grassman1282 husbanda1300 youngerman?c1300 boundec1320 villeina1325 tike1377 carla1400 cotset1809 cottar1809 ?c1300 (?c1185) Pseudo-Cnut De Foresta ii, in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 620 Sintque sub quolibet horum [i.e. under each chief forester] quatuor ex mediocribus hominibus, quos Angli læssþegenes nuncupant, Dani uero yongermen [so Cambr. c1570; c1575 Stowe yongerman, 1577 Harrison yoongmen] uocant... Mediocresque tales post ferarum curam susceptam pro liberalibus semper habeantur, quos Dani ealdermen appellant. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.?c1300
随便看	θ141727 θ141728 θ141729 θ14173 θ141730 θ141731 θ141732 θ141733 θ141734 θ141735 θ141736 θ141737 θ141738 θ141739 θ14174 θ141740 θ141741 θ141742 θ141743 θ141744 θ141745 θ141746 θ141747 θ141748 θ141749